...first age group is infants and the related stage of development is trusts vs. mistrust. This development task is related with a given age group to provide attachment and bonding. The rest age group is of early childhood and the stage of development includes Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt. This development task, for this group is to have potty training and self-maintenance. Subsequently, the next age group of schooling includes initiative vs. guilty and the related development tasks are academic success, making friends, social competency and friendship....
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...Physical, intellectual, emotional and social development of an individual at each life stage Physical development Conception to Birth | By the first two weeks, the embryo has attached itself to the uterine wall, the baby’s body starts to develop, the head and trunk appear, followed by tiny arms and buds. Also around 25 days baby’s heart will start beating, the by 30 days the baby will be about a quarter of an inch long, have a brain, eyes, ears, mouth, kidneys, liver and baby’s heart will be pumping blood that he created himself. In the second month the embryo drastically increases in size from 5mm to 40mm, figures and toes start to grow, by the seventh week baby has its own fingerprint, also eyes and ears start to appear, baby will start to move around nearing the eight week. In the third, four and fifth months the baby will be able to feel pain, baby kicks and has a strong grip. Also around that time baby’s hair, eyelashes and eyebrows start to grow as well as baby should by now have open eyes. In the end months before baby is born, baby is able to suck his thumb. The baby will be most active when the mother lays own at night, fatal activity will be affected by now the mother is feeling. | Infancy(0-3) | Reflex develop for survival, for example babies automatically sauce when presented with a nipple. When a mother speaks the child’s heal will automatically turn towards their parent voice. Skills like: blinking, grasping, stepping, sucking and more develop. Rapid growth...
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...What are the most important years in life for human development? Human development is a complicated and controversial subject. In the past, childhood has been attributed a majority of the concentration in regards to the development of a human being, and in some cases, adulthood has gotten all of the attention. However there is one perspective that considers all phases of life, known as the life-span perspective, which is universally accepted by most psychologists and implicated into their own respective theories. This perspective was originally introduced by Paul and Margaret Baltes, and was monumental as it considered all phases of life, rather than just childhood or adulthood (Berger 2010). There are five insights which are focused on to describe the context under which development occurs. According to the life-span perspective, development is multidirectional, multicontextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary, and plastic (Berger 2010). Let’s begin with multidirectional. Multidirectional means that human qualities change in all directions. A more traditional belief was that development took place up until the age of 20, becomes stagnant, and then declines. Life-span research has refuted this claim (Berger 2010). For example, when an elderly person’s spouse passes, the newly single elderly person can either lose motivation to live, or expand their social surroundings. Regardless of the outcome, development occurred even in these elderly years. The belief that development...
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...factors * Orientation toward individualism or collectivism * Finer differences * Ethnicity * Race * Socioeconomic Race * Gender * Korosol increase stress * Cohort- group of people born at around the same time in the same place * Age graded influences- similar at particular age group * Sociocultural graded influences- social and cultural factors present at a particular time. * Modafin * Critical period- environmental stimuli are necessary for dev. * Sensitive Period- Certain kind of stimuli in environment. * Development is constructed thru biological, sociocultural, and individual factors working together. * Development is lifelong * Early adulthood is not the endpoint of development * No age perios dominates * Development is Multidimensional * Consist of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions * Multiple components within each dimension * Health and Well-Being * Parenting and Education * Sociocultural Contexts and Diversity * Culture: Behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group of people that are passed on from generation to generation * Ethnicity: Cultural heritage, nationality, race, religion, and language * Socioeconomic Status: a person’s position within society based on occupational, educational. * Gender:...
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...burning of Freud’s books in Berlin and the potential Nazi threat to Austria the Eriksons left to Copenhagen only to find out they were unable to regain Danish citizenship, so they left for the United States. In the U.S. Erikson became the first chid psychoanalyst in Boston. Erikson served as a professor at prominent institutions such as Harvard and Yale even though he lacked even a bachelor degree. Sigmund Freud described personality development as a series of stages. Early childhood being the most important. He believed that personality developed by the age of about 5. Like Freud, Erik Erikson believed in the importance of early childhood but believed that personality development happens over the entire course of a person’s life. He proposed a theory that describes eight distinct stages of development. In each stage people are faced with new challenges and the stages outcome depends on how these challenges are handled. He named these stages according to these possible outcomes. Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust In...
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...Development through the life stages The human lifespan Throughout this essay I will be going into depth of the life of Michael Jackson. I will be informing you on what he went through in each life stage he went experienced and also including debates on nature and nurture and discussing which sides affected him as a person. Infancy Michael Jackson was born in a poverty stricken area called Gary, in Indiana. He was born in 1958 and was the 7th of nine children. He was raised in a poor, lower class family this may be because he had one working parent which was his father called Joe Jackson, He was a steel worker in a factory however his mother was a home maker. For every infant the same developments occur. As there isn’t a lot of information about Michael when in infancy I can still figure out what happened during the ages 0-3 years old. Reflexes and motor skills are learnt at the ages between 0-2, this is when an infant will learn the different sensations. The reflexes involve, sucking, grasping, blinking and stepping. It’s also normal for an infant’s weight to change so Michael also experienced weight change whilst growing in this stage. Michael would have developed gross motor skills at this stage, this means he had the ability to turn and hold his head up. Other motor skills would be learning to sit up, roll over, stand up and also walk. Social development of an infant is the social skills that are learnt at the ages of 0-3 years old. Michael would have experienced many...
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...of an important event in your childhood. What does this event tell you about yourself in terms of Erikson’s stages? My important event in my childhood is when I won my drums recital at age 7 because I won the competition against 30 other drummers. I think that is the most important event in my childhood because I was able to accomplish something at a very young age and it just brings me joy and all my competitors looked up and idolized me that time. What this event tells me about myself is that you can make everything happen you just have to make that effort to do it 2. Circle what you believe was your resolution at each of the psychosocial stages below and then give a reason for your choice: AGE | STAGE | WHY? | 0 - 1 | Trust vs. Mistrust Trust | I choose trust because if you’re an infant your still finding someone to trust such as your mother | 1 - 3 | Self-reliance vs. Self-doubt Self-reliance | I choose self-reliance because, self reliance is the same thing as having confidence in everything will make you achieve everything | 3 - 6 | Initiative vs. Guilt Initiative | I choose initiative because I like to face challenges and I like making the right choices against the bad one | 6 - 12 | Industry vs. Inferiority Industry | I choose industry because I survive everything life throws at me and there is nothing to be afraid of if you are always doing right thing | Adolescence | Identity vs. Role Confusion Identity ...
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...the meaning behind basic trust, they are usually are stuck with awe. It can mean multiple things. Understanding basic trust might be difficult at times, especially when people really do not look back to see what exactly they started there basic trust with. Basic trust will only deepen over the years. It never will reach a limit; because they’re always will be a higher person above us. We are introduced to Erik Erikson, who was born on 1902 and passed away on 1994. Through Erikson’s 92 years of life he was quiet the scholar. He would write essays that were collected by his wife Joan and later published in chapters in a book entitled, Childhood and Society (1950). One of his most famous concepts from the essay was “The Eight Stages of Man”. Which illustrate eight ascending steps on a moving staircase that starts at infancy and goes up to older adulthood. Where the author Jon Snodgrass interacts with their readers is that, Snodgrass gives his own formula to understand “The Eight Stages of Man”. Snodgrass’s formula was LSDT = A & S + PT + CP, which stands for “Life Span Development Theory”, A&S stands for “Age and Stages”, PT is “Psychological Task”, and CP is “Critical Period.” Snodgrass came up with the formula because it is able to summarize fully the concept of Lifespan Development Theory. Erikson’s work would be called “physco-social” because it would include formation of personality. He would explain the age and stage and it would have ego conflict. For example...
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...process beginning with conception to the time of death. People are changing as they advance with age (Boyd et al. 2006). During the time of conception the fetus emerge from an organism that has one living cell. According to Boyd individual has four life cycles (Boyd et al. 2006). These cycle last for about 25 years of an individual life. The four stages of development include early childhood, adolescence, early adulthood and adulthood. Each stage involves a transformation of each individual character. Therefore, lifespan perspective substantial changes are evidenced. Changes in perspective are usually interrupted within occurrences context as well as culture (Sigelman et al.2008). Throughout human’s lives, human beings are wired to adapt to changes in different environmental challenges (Sigelman et al. 2008). Multidemsional is also known as lifespan perspective (Begers, 2008). Development of human has being characterized by scientist which are called domains. These domains are; cognitive, physical and social. Physical is related to the physical changes and growth that human being such as childhood and adolescent. According to Boyd the physical category deals with the way learning takes place and why older human memory seems to leave them (Boyd et al. 2006). A group of researchers defines this as...
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...Developmental Profile (Typical) Introduction Human development is the process of growth from a one-celled zygote through to a mature adult human being. Development occurs in the physical, cognitive and psychosocial realms and can be influenced by heredity, environment and maturation (Papalia et al., 2009). During childhood, typical physical development involves the acquisition of the fine and gross motor skills including coordination, control, movement and manipulation. Typical physical development during adolescence involves pubescent changes as the body develops and matures sexually. During young adulthood, physical development involves one’s organs and systems operating at peak efficiency. As an individual moves through to late adulthood, these systems slowly deteriorate along with overall health, stamina and strength. In terms of cognition, thinking and problem solving skills, conceptual understandings, information processing ability and overall intelligence develop throughout an individual’s lifespan. With respect to psychosocial, this includes how a person’s mind, emotions, and maturity levels evolve. In terms of this assignment, the purpose is to present a profile of a typical thirty-two year old male and to analyse his development through theoretical perspectives. My individual is named Andrew; he is single but dates regularly, Caucasian from North America, is university educated and works as an accountant for a bank. Andrew grew up in the suburbs...
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...development of personality was social interaction. Erikson left his native Germany in the 1930's and immigrated to America where he studied Native American traditions of human development and continued his work as a psychoanalyst. His developmental theory of the "Eight Stages of Man" was unique in that it covered the entire lifespan rather than childhood and adolescent development. Erikson's view is that the social environment combined with biological maturation provides each individual with a set of "crises" that must be resolved. The individual is provided with a "sensitive period" in which to successfully resolve each crisis before a new crisis is presented. The results of the resolution, whether successful or not, are carried forward to the next crisis and provide the foundation for its resolution. |Erikson's Theory of Socioemotional Development | |Stage |Age |Expected Resolution | |Trust |Infancy |Child develops a belief that the environment can be| |vs. | |counted on to meet his or her basic physiological | |Mistrust | |and social needs | |Autonomy...
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...stages and I’d like to keep it short and simple, so I have narrowed it down to infancy, early childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, and then finally there is adulthood. Up first there is infancy, which is 0-5 years of life. In the 0-1st year we go through the stage called basic trust vs. mistrust, in this stage Erikson says that we learn to feel comfortable and trust our parents care or sometimes distrust a world that is perceived to be unsafe. In 1-5th year we go through autonomy vs. shame and doubt, we learn to sense competence by learning to feed ourselves, use the toilet by ourselves and play alone when no one is around. The next main stage is Early Childhood which are the 5-11 years of our lives, which is industry vs. inferiority. We learn how to cope with school, and demands around home, and sometimes believe that we are inferior to other people. Starting to...
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...Developmental Stage Analysis The two clients that I have selected for my analysis are two year old Ben who is beginning the toilet training process. And my second client Jake who is forty- five years old and is feeling unappreciated, Jake has recently purchased a corvette after driving a truck for the last twenty years. Ben is going through the Preoperational stage. During this time, children start using language to explore and understand their worlds (rather than relying primarily on sensory and motor activities). In this stage, children ask questions and use symbolic thinking. They may, for example, use words and images to refer to concepts. This is a time for pretending and magical thinking. Children in this phase are somewhat limited by their egocentrism. They can only imagine the world around them from their own perspective. Ben is going through that “the world stops when I say so” phase right now. He expects everyone around him to stop and listen to what he is saying. If he gets the attention he desires, all is well; if not, a screaming fit may ensue. According to Piaget (1936/1952), children in this stage have not yet mastered operations (hence, it is called the preoperational stage), which are the logical reasoning processes that older children and adults use to understand the world. . Licht,D (2014) For example, these children have a difficult time understanding the reversibility of some actions or events. They may have trouble comprehending that ...
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...------------------------------------------------- The stages Hul Hope: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infants, 0 to 1 year) * Psychosocial Crisis: Trust vs. Mistrust * Virtue: Hope The first stage of Erik Erikson's theory centers aro und the infant's basic needs being met by the parents. The infant depends on the parents, especially the mother, for food, sustenance, and comfort. The child's relative understanding of world and society come from the parents and their interaction with the child. If the parents expose the child to warmth, regularity, and dependable affection, the infant's view of the world will be one of trust. Should the parents fail to provide a secure environment and to meet the child's basic need a sense of mistrust will result. According to Erik Erikson, the major developmental task in infancy is to learn whether or not other people, especially primary caregivers, regularly satisfy basic needs. If caregivers are consistent sources of food, comfort, and affection, an infant learns trust- that others are dependable and reliable. If they are neglectful, or perhaps even abusive, the infant instead learns mistrust- that the world is in an undependable, unpredictable, and possibly dangerous place. [edit]Will: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (Toddlers, 2 to 3 years) * Psychosocial Crisis: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt * Main Question: "Can I do things myself or must I always rely on others?" * Virtue: Will As the child gains control over eliminative...
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... Instructor: Daniella Atwell August 20,2012 “Child Development Theory” 2 Child development occurs from birth and continues throughout adulthood, and during their life span they go through many different changes, including language, physical growth, and cognitive abilities. Interest in this field has been very important to researchers because they want to know what happens during child development as well as the influences on development. There are a few theorist who have their views on child development and they are Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget. Understanding child development has become very important today as we all want to Know what a child actually goes through during their development, and later on in life because most of these things will affect them later on in life. Many people don’t realize the many different stages a child goes through from birth and into early adulthood. Some of the major theories of development describes every aspect of development, by using stage approach, and other theories focus on cognitive and social growth, and with social development, some theorists have considered how the challenges as an individual matures; With this being said, psychoanalyst Erik Erikson developed a comprehensive...
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