...Running head: Seminole People Phenomenological Community Phenomenological Community of the People of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma Shannyn Lincoln, Alice Dodoo Raji, Bayo Olaoye, and Andrea Pilkay Grand Canyon University: NRS-427V Concepts in Community and Public Health May 18, 2012 Phenomenological Community of the People of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma The phenomenological community of the people of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is a community rich in culture and tradition that has been passed through teachings from generation to generation. The community is located in eastern Oklahoma and includes the members of the Seminole Nation as well as other tribes that live in the area and members of other races that have married into the families of the community members. The purpose of this assessment is to describe the community and provide an analysis of this community and their needs. Description of Boundaries The People The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is a federally recognized Seminole tribe based in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the largest of the three federally recognized Seminole organizations. Its members are descendants of the majority of the Seminole in Florida in the 1830s, which were forcibly removed to Oklahoma. Native Americans make up 22% of the population of Seminole County (nso-nsn.gov). According to the Seminole Nation Tribal Enrollment Office the Seminole County service population is 5,315 Tribal citizens. The total...
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...them. The southern Indians had plenty of land about twenty five million acres, virtually the entire inland south and were more numerous than the Northern Indian people. By the end of the decade very few Native Americans still remained in this land because the government forced them to leave their land because the white wanted their territory. White settles wanted Indian land because they wanted to grow cotton, and there was gold where the Cherokees inhabited. The Native Americans were forced to walk thousands of miles to Indian Territory, many of them died of diseases or hunger, and this is why it became known as the trail of tears. Most Native Americans belonged to the five tribes which were the: Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole. The Choctaw were the first to negotiate for their land with the federal government in 1830 they agreed to give up their property for western land. The government in the other hand had no experience in transporting large amount of people from state to state so on the journey to their new land many Native Americans died from exhaustion, exposure, malnutrition and disease while traveling. In 1828 Andrew Jackson was elected president and he wanted Cherokees to disappear. In 1830 Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act which gave the government the right to exchange the Native Americans land and send them east of the Mississippi to Oklahoma. The Cherokee’s took their case to court which was known as Worcester vs Georgia, the Cherokee’s...
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...Trail of Tears California College San Diego HIS220 October 4, 2014 Will Palmer Trail of Tears Long before Amerigo Vespucci and other European explorers reached the New World, Native Americans successfully inhabited the land. There has been much debate as to how many people were here. It has been documented as high as 16 million to as low as under four million (Brinkley, 2008). The Europeans’ relationship with the Native Americans was that of give and take. Both taught each other techniques for cultivating crops, the introduction of domestic livestock and basic survival. The Europeans not only bought with them diseases that killed millions of Native Americans, but also their conviction that their own civilization was greatly superior to that of the natives (Brinkley, 2008). This discussion will include Andrew Jackson’s opinion and policy concerning Native Americans, white Americans’ opinion of Native Americans, the “Five Civilized Tribes,” and the Trail of Tears. Before becoming the President of the United States, Andrew Jackson had already made a name for himself in history. He was a lawyer, politician and judge, wealthy planter and merchant, and in 1801 received the appointment of the commander of the Tennessee militia. During the War of 1812, white settlers near the Spanish owned Florida border were under attack by the Creek Indians. According to Brinkley (2008), on March 27, 1814, in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, Jackson and his men retaliated and slaughtered...
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...The Cherokee tribe is one of the largest known tribes. There are many people who claim that they are full blood and many people who are descendants of the Cherokee people. The Cherokee people were scattered around the Appalachian Mountains and they lived in small villages. The villages would usually come together to have celebrations and war. There are also seven clans within these villages: a ni gi lo hi (Long Hair Clan), a ni sa ho ni (Blue Clan), a ni wa ya (Wolf Clan), a ni go te ge wi (Wild Potato Clan), a ni a wi (Deer Clan), a ni tsi s qua (Bird Clan), and finally a ni wo di (Paint Clan). Clanship is important in the Cherokee culture because it sets up different rules for each clan. The individuals claim their clan based on their mother and within the clan everyone is treated as a sibling, which means one cannot marry within the same clan. Each clan has certain traits that they were known for. The Cherokee people hunted for a living. There was limited farming before the European people came so they hunted for most of their food. The men would do all the hunting while the women would cook and take care of the children. Cherokee life was not always peaceful. The Cherokee people eventually moved out of the Appalachian Mountains and some were later forced to move. In Georgia where some Cherokee’s have settled, they ran into some complications with the white people during the discovery of gold. The white people were obsessed with finding gold so they decided it was time to...
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...During the early 1800’s, many of the founding fathers had died and a period of transition existed with new and younger leaders who would try to shape the United States into a nation that they thought it should be in their eyes. Their decisions ultimately helped form our Nation into what it is today. One of these new leaders was President Andrew Jackson. Upon inauguration in 1829, Jackson wanted to settle the ongoing issue of the Indians and the land that they held within the states; as a result most of the energy and resources of his administration were focused on settling the dispute and moving on with the Nation. Within Jacksons first year in office he had plans to relocate the Indians to west of the Mississippi. With the relocation, Americans would be free to settle the land vacated by the Indians. Jackson’s stance on the issue is that if the Indians are not willing to adapt they had to be removed and relocated. Jackson wanted to preserve the Indian nation, however with expansion of the United States quickly approaching Indian Territory, the Indians needed to be moved instead of killed off. Ultimately this led to the Indian Removal Act of 1830. The act was written and in theory was supposed to represent a voluntary movement of the Indians and relocate them so that the white settlers could settle the farm the Indian’s fertile soil. But in reality it was to force Indian off their land and be push them further back into the interior of North America, even...
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...The Choctaw Native American tribe lived most of their life in southwestern America like Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. Their population was about 160,000 people. They lived in settled villages of houses and small corn fields. Choctaws homes were made of plaster and rivercane walls with thatched roofs. They are about as strong and warm as log cabins. The men in the Choctaw tribe wore breechcloths. The women wore wrap around skirts made from deerskin or fiber. Shirts weren’t necessary but in the winter and in the cooler weather they wore poncho-style capes. They also wore moccasins on their feet. Later they adapted European cloths like cloth jackets and full skirts. Hunting in the Choctaw nation was done by the men, they hunted deer, wild turkeys, and other small game. Men also caught fish in the rivers, lakes, and sea coasts. Choctaw hunters primarily used bows and arrows. Fishermen generally used fishing spears and nets. The women were farmers they farmed mostly corn, beans, squash, and sunflowers. Most Choctaw people speak English today. Some people, especially elders, also speak their native Choctaw language. Choctaw is a rhythmic language that is nearly identical to Chickasaw. They were a part of a group called the Muskogeans. They believed that along with other tribes they emerged from the earth and through a mound called Nanih Waiya in Mississippi. They believed the mans job in the tribe was to hunt and sometimes go to war to protect their families...
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...Unit 4 Individual Project Spring 2013 Abstract In this paper, you will understand the meaning and the interpretation of a quotation given from topics of cultural studies course book. This paper gives what the “loss of centeredness” of culture would have meant for a given cultural group, in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. This paper describes the Western and European cultures on Native Americans. It discusses what they were like prior to the late nineteenth century and how they changed as a result of European expansion. Last but not least, you will know how this change representative of what Sayre calls a “loss of centeredness. The term “Western Civilization” in this context means European civilization, mainly for the countries known for their exploratory expeditions which include Spain, Portugal, France, and England. Cultures such as the Native Americans, West Africans, Indians, Chinese, and so many others were invaded and occupied by these European nations. They were killed, had to change their religion to Christianity, and were sent away from their homelands. The leaders were replaced by Europeans. They looked at these conquered lands as “satellites” of their home country and encouraged the people to act as much like them as they could, or at least seem as though they were in the same culture and work for them, go to their church, and learn their place as second class citizens. After all, they were looked upon as savages and uncivilized people...
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...give any rights to the Native Americans. Jackson pursued a policy of removing Indian tribes form their lands, which resulted in the Trail of Tears, a name given to the forced relocation and movement of Native American nations from southeastern parts of the United States. Many factors during Jackson’s presidency contributed to the political, social, and economic climate of the United States. Jackson had very little political trouble with his policy of removing the Native Americans. Most of his supporters were from the southern and western states that favored a plan to remove all the Indian tribes to lands west of the Mississippi. This relocation would make room for settlers. “There was “Five Civilized Tribes” involved- the Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole, and Cherokee. “(White 1). In 1831 members of the “Five Civilized Tribes”: decided to use the US Supreme Court to combat Jacksonian policies. The Cherokee Nation asked for an injunction, claiming that Georgia’s state legislation had created laws designed to annihilate the Cherokees as a political society. Andrew Jackson had many supporters because he was freeing up land that would be given to the “common man” who was more important than others in society. In the case of Worcester v. Georgia, “the Court ruled that only the United States, and not the individual states, had power to regulate or deal with the Indian nations.” (PBS 1). In 1832, the US Supreme Court decision of Worcester v. Georgia ruled in favor of the Cherokee...
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...Lauren Pikolycky Seelhorst Outline Sections are from Chapter 13 The Spoils System * It was the system of rewarding political supporters with jobs in the government. * This new system had many scandals. * When the Democrats rose to power in the White House, they replaced most of the people in offices with their own people (the common man). * These people were illiterate, incompetent, and plain crooks. * Samuel Swartwout: * Was awarded the lucrative post of collector of the customs of the port of New York. * Nearly nine years later, he left his accounts a million dollars short. * He was the first person to steal a million dollars from the Washington government. The Tricky "Tariff of Abominations" * Tariffs protected American industry against competition from European goods. * Tariffs also drove up prices for all Americans and invited tariffs on agricultural exports. * Congress increased the general tariff in 1824. * Supporters of Andrew Jackson promoted a high-tariff bill. It was passed in 1828. * The Tariff of 1828 was also called the "Yankee Tariff,” the "Black Tariff" and the "Tariff of Abominations.” * It was hated by Southerners because it was an extremely high tariff and they felt it discriminated against them. * Southern states formed formal protests. * The South was having economic struggles and the tariff was a scapegoat. * Denmark Vesey led a slave rebellion in Charleston, South...
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...My great grandfather was part Cherokee Indian. Cherokee Indians have a very unique culture and that culture they have built has been from other culture’s influences. They have traditions and customs that they hold close and practice still to this day. I am going to go into detail about their dances and everything that goes a long with it such as music and their costumes. The Cherokee have many traditional dances, ancient, modern, religious, social and there are some that are no longer practiced. The stomp dance is the most important of all. The stomp dance ritual occurs throughout a time span of a whole day. They prepare for the dance all day long. Creating a fire, cooking food, give sermons, and play stickball, a game resembling lacrosse. The dance portion happens at the very end of the day when the sun goes down. The chief medicine men and elders gather together for a meeting, eventually calling for the first dance of the night. You must be invited by the chief in order to dance. Another call is made for the dance. The dance includes a leader, assistants and one or more In the stomp dance the dancers also known as “shell-shakers” wear leg rattles traditionally made out of turtle shells filled with pebbles, today they use cans filled with pebbles to provide rhythmic noises. The stomp dance is considered to be a holy event for worshipping Unetanv (God, The Creator). The dance begins with the leader and he circles the sacred fire and is followed in single file...
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...Kelly Sufrinko Article Review 4 June 13, 2013 For this assignment I chose the article “Cherokee Population Losses during the Trail of Tears: A New Perspective and a New Estimate.” The article starts by saying that as many as 100,000 Native Americans were removed from their homelands to locations west of the Mississippi River during the first half of the nineteenth century. Most of the Indians were from the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole tribes. The relocations occurred after the United States Indian Removal Act of 1830. During the move, the Cherokees suffered from bad weather, mistreatment by the soldiers, hunger, disease, and the loss of their homes. The article then goes on to talk about where the Cherokees used to live and how far they stretched across America. They went from occupying areas from the Ohio River south to Atlanta, from Virginia across Tennessee and Kentucky, and Alabama to the Illinois River to only occupying where North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama meet. Men from Georgia would come to the homes of Indians and take their cattle, eject them from their houses, and assault any owners who put up resistance. With pressure from the state of Georgia and the U.S. Government, the Cherokees fought as hard as they could to resist being moved west of the Mississippi River. Eventually the Treaty of Echota was signed by some Cherokees that offered an exchange of eastern lands for lands west of the Mississippi River and the...
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...Tribal Homelands of the Chickasaw and Choctaw Monica N. Griffis Southeastern Oklahoma State University Tribal Homelands of the Chickasaw and Choctaw This paper describes the primary geographic characteristics of the ancestral homelands of the indigenous Chickasaw and Choctaw people in North America, prior to first contact with European nations and continuing into the settlement timeframe of early colonists. These homelands originally included a significant portion of Louisiana and Mississippi, although the most closely held region was near the ancestral Nanih Waiya mound, which according to oral traditions held the origins of these tribal people. Prior to the surge of Western settlement, Chickasaw and Choctaw tribes were similar to other Native American nations in occupying the expanse of their territory not by personal land ownership, but instead through a series of communal villages governed by cultural leaders. Their occupation of the land was driven by natural resources and trade routes, and the prime positioning of these homelands proved to be too valuable to escape aggressive dispossession by colonial settlement. Early Chickasaw and Choctaw homelands occupied a large territory east of the Mississippi River in an extremely favorable location, especially related to waterways, trade routes, fertile land, and climate conditions. According to the research of St. Jean (2003), the centralized location of these tribes was advantageous...
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...Native American lost their land Introduction: Native American also know as American Indians, Indigenous American or simply Indians see Terminology differences are people who belong to one of the over 500 districts Native American tribes that survive intact today as partially sovereign nations within the country’s modern boundaries. These tribes and bands are descended from the pre Colombian indigenous population of North American. The 15 century, the migration of Europeans to the America. Reason 1: President Andrew Jackson offered similar rhetoric in his first inaugural address in 1829, when he emphasized his desire “ to observe toward the Indian tribes within our limits a juts and liberal policy, and to give that humane and considerate...
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...The article by Fredrick Jackson Turner describes the advancements of the Anglo-Americans during late 1800 towards the mission to have gained the land from coast to coast. The idea of the article was the accomplishments and successes people gained during this time. However, it is easy to forget the thousands of people who were forced out or killed as a cost of these successes. In the “The Significance of the Frontier in American History” by Frederick Jackson Turner, mentions his views on western expansion, however, through primary sources, it is evident that the only beneficiary is the Anglo-Americans who cheat those who were living in the land prior to them. In the article “A Call for Mexicans to Resist”, the author Juan Cortina expresses his feelings towards the Anglo-American people taking their land and he questions why Mexicans are seen as second class citizens. Cortina describes the Anglo-Americans settling into their land and begin corruptions towards them to take their land. In Turner’s thesis, he describes it from a one-sided point of view. He sees the gains of the white man and not the ones of those who have lost their land and homes. The “Autobiography” of Black Hawk is another source that supports my conclusion about Turner, Black Hawk was a chief of an Indian tribe. In his autobiography, Hawk is being cheated of his land by new settlers. The treaty signed by them for the land they lived on was to be sold and they must leave behind their homes. In the autobiography...
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...Was Andrew Jackson a villain or hero? Andrew Jackson was viewed in many ways democratic or undemocratic as some thought he was doing good and others think he was making horrible decisions. Andrew Jackson was not democratic in the US government as he did not respect people's rights and taking advantage of the government and bank leading to the panic of 1837. Andrew Jackson was not democratic in the US government. Andrew Jackson was known for many bad acts and we are to take a look at some documents to prove he wasn't democratic. (Document nine Cherokee plea) tells about how the Cherokee and other indians didn't want to move from their lands. The indians did change as started to build towns came up with an alphabet for the tribes. The indians didn't want to move as they were not doing no harm to the americans. And the cherokee even went to the supreme court to try to stop from their lands being taken as I see Andrew Jackson did not respect the people's rights. (Document 10 the indian removal) this document is about the indians being removed and marching the trail of tears. In 1836 45,000 indians were removed from their lands and estimated 15,000 indians died on the trail of tears. This was cruel to the indians as some tribes went extinct Andrew Jackson like I said didn't respect no rights and did this without the consent of the people. And this made the southern economy had gone down as indians ran plantations about ⅓ in the south. So this states that Andrew Jackson...
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