...The Age of Exploration A Resource to Accompany History Alive! The United States Through Industrialism Brings Learning Alive! Teachers’ Curriculum Institute 1 Introduction I n this reading, you will learn about the Age of Exploration. This period of discovery lasted from about 1418 to 1620. During this time, European explorers made many daring voyages that changed world history. A major reason for these voyages was the desire to find sea routes to east Asia, which Europeans called the Indies. When Christopher Columbus sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean, he was looking for such a route. Instead, he landed in the Americas. Columbus thought he had reached the Indies. In time, Europeans would realize that he had found what they called the ”New World.” European nations soon rushed to claim lands in the Americas for themselves. Early explorers often suffered terrible hardships. In 1520, Ferdinand Magellan set out with three ships to cross the Pacific Ocean from South America. He had guessed, correctly, that the Indies lay on the other side of the Pacific. But Magellan had no idea how vast the ocean really was. He thought his crew would be sailing for a few weeks at most. Instead, the crossing took three months. While the ships were still at sea, the crew ran out of food. One sailor wrote about this terrible time. “We ate biscuit… swarming with worms…. We drank yellow water that had been putrid [rotten] for days... and often we ate sawdust from boards.” Why did explorers...
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...HIST101: American History to 1877 Christopher Columbus also known as Cristoforo Colombo, famous for his voyage of 1492 was born sometime in 1451 (exact date not documented) on Genoese territory (present day Italy). He was the son of Susanna Fontanarosssa and Demenico Colombo, a middle class wool weaver. Christopher Columbus being the son of a wool weaver did not come from wealthy family and was limited on his choices of profession. He chose, at the age of fourteen, to take a job on board a ship from then on the sea was his life. [1] Sometime during his voyages Columbus began to believe he could reach the Indies (Asia) by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean completely avoiding the African continent. Based on the information observed and collected from his previous travels, he Columbus felt as if the Journey to Asia was not only shorter but also felt as if it would be easy. He presented his plan to officials in Portugal and England who both rejected him. [2] “Columbus then moved to Spain, winning the support of many influential people for his plan, and petitioned to Queen Isabella of Castile, Spain. Even though a Royal Commission there also rejected his plan, he tried again in 1492, and was given their consent. Ferdinand and Isabella, King and Queen, agreed to sponsor the expedition, under the terms that Columbus would become viceroy of all the lands located, and that he could keep a tenth of all valuables found.” [3] Columbus set sail from Palos de la Frontera...
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...Chris Campbell US History Article 1 #1 On August 3, 1492 when Christopher Columbus set Europe was full of violence, filth, treachery, and intolerance. It was a huge epidemic outbreak which consisted of plague and smallpox, also it included measles, fever, influenza and many more it swept the cities and towns clean for about 10 to 20 percent of its population at a single stroke. Later in the 17th century over 80,000 Londoners died from the plague in matter of months this was called The Black Death. One historian stated in migration was to move from the countryside it was very ital. in order to keep cities from going extinct and cause the cities were so poor that they were major decline. During the 15th century prices were changing constantly, which leads to people complaining to Spanish agriculturalist did in 1513, but the same epidemic occurred in Paris in 1482 well it was much of a classic pattern. Many areas were wrecked with the failure of harvest, which brought on death repeatedly during this period The stamp act caused immediate madness in Massachusetts because everything copied or wrote down on paper other than private correspondence and books required revenue stamp costing as much as 10 pounds. The new law was to ax Americans directly which was to help pay for the French and the Indian war and to help maintain a colonial military force to prevent war; everyone was affected. In Boston during August mobs, like devils get loose, attacked and destroyed the house...
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...Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus born in Genoa Italy was the son of a skilled weaver. Columbus earned his chance when the king and queen of Spain agreed to finance his voyage to discover a new trade route connecting Spain with Asia. In 1492 He sailed across the Atlantic arriving instead in the Caribbean where he raped, killed, and enslaved innocent Natives. America’s memories are filled with symbols of adventure and bravery associated with Columbus, yet the facts behind the fiction have somehow been lost in a haze of patriotism. Columbus set out with three ships; the Pinta, the Nina and the Santa Maria in search of Asia to find precious items such as gold and spices. Not realising that the Americas existed, Columbus first appeared in the Bahama Islands. When he first came in contact with the Arawak men and women, he entered into is log, “they would make fine servants… we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever they want” (pg 1). Columbus and his men coming from Spain had weapons that the Natives simply could not fight against, leaving them helpless and unable to fight they were mistreated and abused. Another example of Columbus abusing the natives is when he entered into his log, “as soon as I arrived… I took some of the natives by force” (pg 1). Columbus took some of the natives so that they might show him the land and where he might find gold, but instead of trying to communicate with these people he forcibly took them as slaves. “In...
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...Christopher Columbus was an explorer he traveled and made discoveries one of his discoveries were when he found America, he was looking for china but ended up in America. In 1499, Ojeda and Amerigo Vespucci were the first to sail along the coast of Paria. The following year was uncommonly rich in voyages of discovery. In the western ocean, the equator was first crossed by Vincent Yanez Pinson, who doubled Cape Saint Augustin, discovered the mouths of the Amazon river, and then sailed northwards along the coast as far as the island of Trinidad, which Columbus had discovered two years before. About the same time a Portuguese fleet, sailing under the command of Pedro Alvarez Cabral to the Indian Ocean, was driven by adverse winds to the coast of the Brazils, so that, if the genius of Columbus had not evoked, America would have chance to be discovered a few years later. A third voyage, which renders the year 1500 is that of Gaspar Cortereal, a son of John Vaz Cortereal is one of the doubtful forerunners of Columbus. Hoping to realize the dream of a north-west passage to the riches of India, Gaspar sailed along the inhospitable shores of Labrador, and penetrated into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Storms and ice-drifts forced him to retreat but he again set sail in the following year with two small vessels. On this second voyage he supposedly penetrated into Frobisher Bay, but here floating ice-masses and violent gales separated him from his companion ship, which returned alone to Portugal...
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...APEH Spain Essay By: Lynlea Kiser Within a century, Spain had risen to the top and fallen back down. They are many reasons for the rise and fall of Spain. The rise and fall all began with Christopher Columbus’s exploration to the new world in 1492 to discover the new land. Columbus exploration started two centuries of the Spanish exploring the new world and discovering new things. This caused a social rise with money and technology. With the new technology and money they began to focus more on the pride of the country. This first caused the Golden Age of Spanish Art which helped to show the pride of Spain. El Greco and Diego Velasquez helped to contribute to their pride by contributing to the Catholicism of Spain in Spain's monarchy. El Greco's real name was Domenikos Theotocopoulos. He led the people to become great Catholics by distorting the human figure and aiding to their emotional needs. His techniques showed the deep catholic faith. The Works of El Greco's Spoliation showed the pride of Spain's monarchy. Velazquez was the artist accompanying King Philip the IV. He is best known for his portraits of the royal family. Diego was famous for his use of rich color in all of his art work. He also did work for Charles IV's family. His paintings also helped in showing the pride of Spain. When Philip Augustus forced the Jews to convert to Christianity changed the perspective of the Catholics in Spain. Many that did not have the urge to witch beliefs left the country forever...
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...North American Civilization HIS / 115 September 4, 2011 Some theories indicate the first settlers of the Americas took place in North America in Alaska. Asian hunters are thought to have traveled over the Bering Strait during a glacial period somewhere between 35,000 B.C.E. and 10,000 years later. The Asian people, referred to as Native Americans, did not realize their discovery of a new world. The early North American men and women were nomadic hunters and gatherers. As the further migration continued south an agricultural lifestyle formed. The European colonization of the Americas is thought to have been established by explorers and fishermen at a much later date. The blend of diversity was apparent as the migration of the Americas grew and strong developed societies were established. Although Native American descendants merely followed their survival instincts, they had discovered an abundant new world. The nomadic hunters tracked animals across the frozen land bridge and crossed into a new continent. The migration continued south along the west coast. “Over a span of 25,000 years settlement spread down the Alaskan coast, then deeper into the North American mainland, and finally throughout Central and South America.” (Davidson, 2006, p. 11). The original survival lifestyle...
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...Colonialism and Inequality Assignment Catherine Booth SOC/337 06/08/2013 Dana Batzka 1. What institutions were created by Latin American colonial governments to maintain control over subjugated peoples? Discuss at least two: The institutions that were created by Latin colonial government at that time were: Encomienda system. The encomienda system was a way for the Spanish Crown to maintain order and control over its colonies in the New World. Under this system, land in the New World was distributed to the Spanish colonists, but they were not permitted to own said land. The Crown retained full ownership. The colonist in charge of a distributed piece of land was known as the encomendero. Under this system, each encomendero was permitted to exploit a specified number of indigenous peoples to work an assigned area of land for a predetermined amount of time. In return, the encomenderos received a percentage of whatever profits were made off said land, although 100 percent of all of the gold and other precious valuables that were mined in the New World belonged to the Crown alone. 2. How did these institutions create...
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...Planning the Perfect Family Vacation Destination to Celebrate My Parents’ 25th Wedding Anniversary Lynnette Ramirez Ramirez Travel Agency Prepared for The Ramirez Family November 02, 2011 Lynnette Ramirez 8318 Kirkbrook Dr Houston, TX 77089 November 02, 2011 The Ramirez Family 5627 Lakefield Dr Houston, TX 77033 Dear Ramirez Family: I am thrilled to finally present to you the enclosed report on planning our upcoming family vacation to celebrate our parents’ 25th anniversary. The report contains my recommendations on where we will be going, activities we will be doing and the estimated price the trip will cost each person. My recommendation is that we go to the Dominican Republic. It has been over 7 years since we last visited our hometown and what better way to celebrate our parents’ anniversary than for them to be surrounded by the entire family. The date selected and the estimated price of the entire trip includes everyone’s budget and busy schedules. I hope that you find this report useful in my plans to celebrate our parents’ anniversary. If you have any questions or concerns that you would like to discuss, please let me know as soon as possible so I can make changes as needed. Sincerely yours, Lynnette...
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...years after the fact, begins off with a great deal of grave and traditionally successful scene-setting as Columbus' child and biographer, Fernando, reviews his father, the visionary of inconceivable dreams. The myth of Columbus-as-legend propagated in 1492: Conquest of Paradise just on the grounds that I didn't generally think about chronicled correctness. But rather I focused around the moderate moving plot line or the motion picture's sensational enhancements. With such a lazy sympathy toward history, it is not hard to see how 1492: Conquest of Paradise's over-rearrangements of history went unnoticed. It is this present exposition's objective to analyze how the film depicts the Tainos and Columbus' connection to one another, and hope to measure up these depictions to different authentic records to perceive how the motion picture sustains the homogeneous "history of civilization" by keeping Columbus free from any accuse that Spain's colonization involved. The Columbus-as-legend myth remains to a great extent in place in spite of the motion picture's endeavor to make him a more mind boggling character. Examples of historical accuracy "I want to travel all over the seas," the father tells the young Fernando as they remained in attractive profile looking at the western skyline. "I want to get behind the weather."Give or take 45 minutes and a few throne-room scenes later, Columbus sets sail from Spain on the voyage that would end in what some call the incredible revelation of the...
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...Zheng He vs. Christopher Columbus When you hear the name Christopher Columbus the first thing that probably comes to your mind is that he was the one who founded America. However, if you actually do some research you will find out that he wasn’t the only one. Evidence shows that there was another man who discovered America seventy years before, Zheng He. He was a Chinese admiral during the Ming Dynasty, who also served as the Ming Dynasty Emperor and leader of seven voyages in the Indian Ocean. Christopher Columbus and Zheng He were both great travelers with great differences in their journey. Columbus’ story is one of great greed and domination while Zheng’s however one of a more noble cause. Very rarely, does the name Zheng He ever come up unless you’re in China. But he was a very important traveler in the world of discovery and he predates many of the more famous explorers. The purpose of his travel and explorations was to display the power of China while also creating better relations with other nations and setting up trade agreements in different parts of the world. One of the things that Zheng He’s voyages are known for is the size of the fleets that he commanded. In all, there were seven voyages headed up by Zheng He, including voyages to East Africa, India, and Arabia. Zheng He and his expedition exemplified the highest level of ancient Chinese propriety in terms of foreign trade. Zheng’s voyage stimulated and inspired the development of overseas trade....
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...The lovely Central American country of Costa Rica was first discovered by the famous explorer Christopher Columbus. He stumbled across it during his 4th voyage to the Americas in September of 1502. The name Costa Rica (rich cost) came given by another Spaniard, Gil Gonzalez Davila, because of all the gold the natives wore as jewelry. In 1821 Costa Rica and the rest of Central America rebelled against Spain. As a Central American country it is almost inevitable for Costa Rica to be involved in some kind of Civil War. In 1948, Costa Rica was involved in civil war. The civil war was started because of the turmoil because their leader, Calderon, was accused of stealing the election. They ant-calderonistas overthrew their government and restored Costa Rica to a rather peaceful state. Since then, costa rica hasn’t gone through much size change since it was established. Costa Rica has control over only nearby islands but has no Colonies. Since 1949, the Costa Rican Government style and structure has remained the same. It is now a Democratic Republic style of government with a multi-parties system structure. The Costa Rican Chief of State is President Luis Guillermo Solis. He obtained his power by election. The Mixed market economy of Costa Rica is has remained stable in recent years. The national currency of Costa Rica is Costa Rican the Colon. The exchange rater between the US Dollar and the Costa Rican Colon is 1USD/534.45CRC. This means the Colon is rather weak. Costa Rica’s...
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...But the intention is the Spaniards was simply to explore. There was a sudden demand for things, and one person wanted to be better than the other, and because of that people would go out of their way to do things. For example, explores such as Christopher Columbus attempted to go west on Asia, but by his mistake however, he ended up in Cuba, and he called the people on that land, Indians. As they noticed all these things, the Spaniards considered the Americas less of an obstacle on their path and now saw it as a place or resource. In 1518, a man by the name of Cortes arrived into Mexico with his group of conquistadors. These conquistadors were after gold and they exterminated native parts practicing their military skills, trying to turn South America into a Spanish Empire. When the Spanish can into the land they brought a sickness called smallpox’s. They unknowingly carried this and this also helped wipe many people...
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...Columbus: A Sight to See Like many of the people in this class, I have lived near Columbus, Ohio my entire life. I grew up near this bustling city and until just recently had forgotten to appreciate what an experience it is. "Columbus was founded on February 14, 1812" (Columbus, Ohio), and it is amazing how easily we can overlook things to that which we are accustomed. If you ask a few people from out of town or state about Columbus, they can usually tell you a handful of reasons to visit this vibrant city. People from cities all over the country come to shop at Polaris Fashion Place and Easton Town Center. Ohio athletics draw in thousands of people to the state of Ohio and Columbus specifically each year. With the cultural diversity in Columbus,...
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...The Age of Exploration was an era where wealthy Europeans travelled to the New World to establish colonies for their mother country. They made discoveries crucial to life as it is known today; however, some of these revelations were only made because of questionable choices. These choices are unacceptable based on modern ideals. While the achievements European explorers made during the Age of Exploration were essential to modern life, they should not be glorified, as their actions resulted in the deprivation of the natives’ religious freedom, were relentlessly and unnecessarily violent, and spread deadly European diseases. To begin, it is necessary to speak of the obvious deprivation of religious freedom. Different groups of Europeans blatantly disregarded the Natives’ pre-existing religions, and when they were recognized, it was only to criticize them. Hernán Cortés, a Spanish conquistador, wrote a letter to Charles V chastising the natives for their practice of human sacrifice. He worked to stop the natives from practicing their religion by pushing Christianity onto them. Spreading culture is not wrong; the issue with Cortés’ actions was that he forced religion instead of simply provide the opportunity to convert. He disrespected and angered the natives by destroying their sacred temples and other religious statues (Document 2). As for this course of action, it is quite ironic as several different groups of Europeans came to the New World seeking the religious freedom being...
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