...Question 3: Briely discuss the history of planning with particular reference to events in the united states of America The concept of planning cities is considered as an old urban civilization. Planning in the current sense, as the act of thoroughly applying the knowledge to some actions (Friedman, 1987) for the goal to reach beyond the urban form, is a more recent idea, however. While modern planning has its beginning in the enlightenment age, it was not steadily functional before the start of the twentieth period (ibid.). In this form, planning has experienced a dramatic change and development, from the significant years of the late nineteenth century to around 1910, through a period of professionalization, institutionalization and self-recognition...
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...Discussion 1 Zenith Taskin 211350345 In the first four chapters of his seminal book “The City in History”, Lewis Mumford demonstrates and outlines various vital issues that intertwine to explain the beginnings of the city and its various institutions, behaviors and social norms that exist within. The three key issues that are the most striking are the reason for the existence of cities aside from animal needs, the dominance of women in Neolithic culture and finally, the developing role of the Paleolithic hunter. Although Mumford dissects each of these issues in isolation, he ultimately demonstrates how they all come together to become part of the earliest of cities. Before cities came into existence, Mumford explains how “there was the hamlet and the shrine and the village: before the village, the camp, the cache, the cave and the cairn” (Lewis Mumford, 1961, 5). Mumford further observes ...
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...Doctorate degree in history and is a former Professor of History at several universities. His area of expertise was specifically urban history. Ferrell, R. H. (1999). Truman and pendergast. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press This book focuses on the influence of Tom Pendergast in Missouri politics and examines his control over Harry S. Truman. He voices the feeling that even though Truman allowed Pendergast to give him direction he, Truman, wasn’t aware of the depth of Pendergast’s illegal dealings and never took part in those activities. The author is a Professor Emeritus of History at Indiana University and has written several historical books with a focus on United States Presidents. Hartmann, R. H.; Ferrell, R. H. editor. (1999). The Kansas city investigation: Pendergast’s downfall, 1938-1939. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press This book looks at the report of US Treasury Special Agent Rudolph Hartmann. It follows his 1942 investigation of Pendergast that resulted in his conviction for income tax evasion. The author uses the report to give the reader an insider’s perspective to the Pendergast Machine and the vastness of its political influence. The editor is a Professor Emeritus of History at Indiana University. Hayde, F. R. (1111). The mafia and the machine: Story of the kansas city mob, Retrieved February 3, 2009 from Americanmafia.com database. http://www.americanmafia.com/Cities/Kansas_City.html ...
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...entertainment buildings, such as the Fillmore Theater and Hockey Town. It was, of course, not always like this. Detroit’s Fox Theater was designed by Charles Howard Crane and, after a building period of 18 months, opened in 1928 (Luca). Built as a cheap form of entertainment for people of all classes during this age of novel entertainment, The Fox Theater was a massive success (Herzog 22). As the “Roaring Twenties” came to an abrupt end with the beginning of the Great Depression, the theater managed to stay open; the fall of the economy set off an unfortunate domino effect, however, with its terrible affects visible in the city of Detroit (Luca). The immense struggle that Detroit has dealt with, and arguably still dealing with, can be eased (and ideally rid of) by building up Detroit as an “entertainment destination” (Eisinger 106). The Fox Theater has always provided the city with a popular means of entertainment and is continuing to do so: shows continue to play to this day, drawing in large crowds of interested...
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...Colin Fisher Nature in the City: Urban Environmental History and Central Park E very year, thirty-five million growing population that was people visit Manhattan’s deeply divided along lines of Central Park, a vast island of class, ethnicity, and race. It is green situated in the midst of one within this historical context that of the world’s largest cities. For a group of merchants, politicians, many of these visitors, walking and middle-class reformers began through one of the park gates pushing for the creation of a large means leaving the artifice of the urban park (2). city behind and entering into an innocent green world, a vestige of A Cleansing Landscape the original Manhattan that existed For some, the new park would prior to the rise of the city. For increase adjacent property values urban environmental historians, and provide a leisure ground for though, there are two serious probrides in well-appointed carriages. lems with viewing the park in this way. Most of the city elite, though, First, Central Park is not nearly as offered less self-serving argunatural as it may appear. Far from ments, at least publicly. A large predating the rise of Manhattan, green space would not only cleanse the landscape is very much a product the air of dangerous smoke and of the mid nineteenth-century city. miasmas, it would convince the As such, Manhattan’s “front lawn” overworked sons and daughters of can be read as a primary source, a Puritans to leave their homes and unique window...
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...Introduction It is said that history is often written by the victor. Which victor tells the story can give very different perspectives on history. In the United States (US), history lessons center on what the US did to contribute to the downfall of Nazis Germany during World War 2. Due to the political disagreements that followed between the US and the Soviet Union in the years following, US history can severely ignore the part the Soviets played in the war. The majority of German causalities suffered in the war came at the hands of the Soviet Union. Both countries suffered and inflicted on one another about ten times the number of causalities of any other country. Nowhere was this more evident than the Battle of Stalingrad. It is...
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... “Hidden City: A Study in Social Impact and a Living City” Over the past few decades the concept of social impact has continued to gained traction as the new imperative across all industries. Artists and art organizations, too, seek to affect their communities in positive ways. How this is achieved is being experimented with daily, and an interesting endeavor takes shape in Philadelphia in the form of Hidden City, an organization that puts a spotlight on forgotten or neglected places. I will explore examples of this organization that bridge the past and present, examine why Hidden City’s approach resonates in Philadelphia, identify what impact it has on the community, ponder evidence of success, and consider whether it can be categorized as art. Philadelphia is a city of living history in a manner that does not necessitate reference to historic reenactments, but in a way...
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...There are a variety of fires, including wildfires, liquid fires, gas fires, and material fires. Different types of fire do different damage as well. For example, the Great Boston Fire was a catastrophe to the city of Boston. The Great Boston Fire became one of the worst fires in Boston’s history due to the destruction and damage it did. The effects of the Great Boston Fire can be understood from the beginning of the fire, the destruction of the fire, and the future changes in the city. November 9, 1872, on a Saturday evening, a police officer noticed smoke coming from a building at the corner of Kingston and Summer streets (Boston Fire). In the building was flammable...
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...When Should Eminent Domain be Used? When should a city or state use their eminent domain powers? Over the past few years there have been a couple of cases that raised the questions of when eminent domain should be used. One of the most controversial cases in the history of the United States was the Kelo v New London Supreme Court ruling. In order to generate tax revenue, add jobs, and to prevent bankruptcy, the government’s right to initiate eminent domain for public good is a necessary evil. Eminent domain in definition is “the right or power of public purposes without the owner’s consent on payment of just compensation” (“Eminent Domain History”). Eminent domain has been a part of the United States ever since the constitution was created. Eminent domain is not stated in the constitution. However, it is implied at the end if the Fifth Amendment, " [no person should] be deprived of life, liberty, or property be taken for public use, without just compensation" (U.S. Constitution). Eminent domain is not new to the United States. The first eminent domain case was “in 1879 the Supreme Court, in the case of Boom Co. v. Patterson, (98 U.S. 403) said that eminent domain appertains to every independent government. It requires no constitutional recognition; it is an attribute of sovereignty" (“Draw the Line”). After World War II, eminent domain was used on a regular basis. "In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled in Berman v Parker that private projects meet the definition if...
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...the specific outcomes in the city of Detroit over the next decade and detail what you see as the lasting effects today. Edwards backed by auto union, supposed to win because he was black and pro public housing. Cobo won the election, even though he was white and for private housing. Edwards took side with the Brewster housing projects, declaring that he backed public housing policy and that he had the back of the black people. Cobo took 60% of the votes. Black Bottom appeared, where there was a terrible segregation of white middle class and poor blacks. Pg 163 Martelle 2.) By the 1980s (if not earlier), one could argue that Detroit as a city had collapsed economically and socially and those problems remained until its current bankruptcy. What are the 3 biggest events/people/ideas/problems that contributed to Detroit’s collapse? Suburbanization, or creation of suburbia; people moving out of the city and into surrounding areas. 3.) Contrast the European, or Old World, relationship a person had with the “city” with the American one, specifically with respect to the choices regarding its functionality —that is, of “beauty” or “profit.” Next, what does your analysis suggest about what Americans prioritize, as evidenced in our typologies. City Profitable - Functionality = Rybczynski. City turned from a place to live into a machine, hence functionality. Not meant for living, more for products to be made and mostly for the designer people. City beautiful – attractive to citizens...
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...Throughout history, certain pieces of land have been known to have complicated relationships with their people. During the expedition of Lewis and Clark, land of all sorts was encountered throughout the long journey. The land they faced was helpful at times, but was also very harsh at other times. However, issues with land are not only a thing of the past. A city that has struggled with its land and how to continue living on it is New Orleans. New Orleans, a city best known for its vibrant culture and entertaining city life, has faced hardship and encounters debate about living with its geography. After Hurricane Katrina, there was a great deal of controversy regarding how the people could continue residing on a land doomed to inevitably indubitably...
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...A BOOK REVIEW OF THE GIRLS OF ATOMIC CITY: THE UNTOLD STORY OF THE WOMEN WHO HELPED WIN WORLD WAR II BY DENISE KIERNAN Stacey Warden Mr. Day’s History 202 Northeast Alabama Community College July 21, 2015 Kiernan, Denise. The Girls of Atomic City: The Untold Story Of The Women Who Helped Win World War II. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2013. Secrets. There have always been secrets when it comes to the military and government. In her book, The Girls of Atomic City: The Untold Story Of The Women Who Helped Win World War II, Denis Kiernan tells the story of one of the biggest, most important secret of American history. The Atomic Bomb. And how it was brought to life in a secret city by the young men and mostly women that came to a town created from scratch in 1942, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Denise Kiernan started out as a journalist. Her work has appeared in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Village Voice, Ms. Magazine, Discover, and many other national publications. Her previous history titles include Signing Their Lives Away and Signing Their Rights Away. (Kiernan, 373). In writing this book Denise Kiernan did significant research for a total of 9 years. According to Kiernan, “a number of texts, original documents, and audio and video resources were consulted during the researching and writing of this book.” (Kiernan, 317). Kiernan interviewed the women of Atomic City from 2009 to 2012, making several trips to Oak Ridge, Tn. Denise Kiernan writes...
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...“The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven” by Sherman Alexie and “Separation Anxiety” by Evie Shockley discuss the complications of identity while living in worlds of different cultures. Victor is the main character of “The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven” and he has an identity crisis throughout the story since he lives in the city but is from the Indian reservation. He identifies not only as a Native American, but he lives in a community surrounded by mostly Caucasian people which makes him feel out of place. He feels that he does not belong in the reservation and also does not belong in the big city. The narrator, Peaches, in “Separation Anxiety” identifies herself as an African American and lives in a community where everyone...
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...downtown Greensboro on February One street. At this museum you relive and learn the history behind the Greensboro Four and the Civil Rights movement. It was a privilege to have experienced the museum in person. Walking through the Woolworth building where the sit-ins occurred will leave an everlasting impression on me. In that experience, one can understand the sense of anguish and pain that was experienced during that time. The museum can bring up all sorts of emotions in a person that truly enjoys history. The museum exhibited how during the time of the civil rights movement both black and white people came together to rid, not only Greensboro but the nation of discrimination. They believed in equality amongst the people; they protected, marched, and performed sit-ins to display their thoughts and feelings about racial segregation. About the International Civil Rights Museum & Center. (2010, January 20). Greensboro Historical Museum The second cultural event I attended was the Greensboro Historical Museum. This museum was founded in 1924 to tell American history the perspective of Greensboro. It was very enlightening to experience the museum in person. Inside the museum you are able to see how deep the history is within the city. Since the city was founded, there have been an abundance of key historic events throughout time. Greensboro has lived up to the nickname “The Gateway City”. Transportation from rail roads and jobs from an industry influenced economy;...
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...e-mail: adeelaabrar@ymail.com EDUCATION The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY Ph.D. in military history; minor in American history (2001) Dissertation: "A Winter Campaign: General Philip H. Sheridan's Operations on the Southern Plains, 1868-69" Advisor: Dr. David Syrett Drew University, Madison, NJ B.A. in History, English minor (1980) College of St. Elizabeth, Madison, NJ Education 251: Psychology of Learning -- Adolescent; Education 252: Human Intercultural Problems in Education (1977-1978) TEACHING EXPERIENCE Hunter College, New York, NY U.S. History to 1877; U.S. History from 1865; The Civil War (2001 to date) Fashion Institute of Technology, New York, NY U.S. History from 1865 (2004-2005) John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY World Civilization I: prehistory - A.D. 1500; World Civilization: from A.D. 1500 (1998-2004) Saint Peter's College, Jersey City, NJ The Civil War; World Perspectives in History II (2003-2004, 2006) New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ Civilizations I (2003) Baruch College, New York, NY Senior Coordinator, Peer Tutoring Program, History Department (1996-1997) Themes in American History: The Frontier (2000) Touro College, New York, NY (Men's and Women's Divisions) U.S. History from 1865 (2001) Modern History I: Renaissance to 1815; Modern History II: 1815 to present (1994-1995) New York City Technical College, Brooklyn, NY U.S. History to 1877; U.S. History from 1865; State and Local Government (1995-1996) PROFESSIONAL...
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