...April 6th, 1917 was the scariest day for us soldiers. The congress granted President Wilson’s request to declare war on Germany. Us soldiers were scared to death after hearing that. We wanted to stay home with our families and not risk our lives out there. Yeah, they were training us for just incase we get into war but we never expected it to happen. Once the French and British heard about the news, they helped us by sending delegations to assist us. We first met Foreign Minister Arthur Balfour and Maj. Gen. G. M. T. Bridges from Britain. A few days later, we then met French Premier René Viviani and Marshal Joseph Joffre from France. It really didn’t go well as planned. They really didn’t have anything for us to do. After the British and...
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...Have you ever felt like what it’s like being in a war? Or how it’s like being a part of the war? Or just experiencing it? These two phenomenal stories brilliantly describe what it was like experiencing an actual war. Nearly one hundred and thirty years apart these two stories were. One was about the Civil War called A Diary from Dixie, by Mary Chesnut, while the other is the Gulf War, called A Woman at War, by Molly More. While these two stories are alike by being in the war zone, but they show differences by their time sets. Let’s start off with the big difference, the time set. A Diary from Dixie is about the Civil War from April 12, 1861 through May 13, 1865. Meanwhile, A Woman at War, is about the Gulf War from August 2, 1990 through February 28, 1991. Nearly one hundred and thirty years apart where the Civil war lasted about 4 years and the Gulf War lasted not even a full year....
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...The accounts of the Civil War are told in numerous ways throughout the times of history from many viewpoints. We see diaries of soldiers, elite white women, and some slaves. However, there are few accounts from the civilian point of view or the comparisons between how average groups in each section felt and acted. Even though civilians were affected by the Civil War the most, their accounts are not put at the forefront of historical documents of this time. Southerners had to go through the crumbling of not only the institution of slavery, but the downfall of their economical and social aspects as well. Northerners had to deal with their society ever changing and the holding to their values. The civilians who lived along the border states were...
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...The Civil War was not only fought in battlefields, but also in the daily lives of southerners at home. Victoria Ott’s study in Confederate Daughters: Coming of Age in the Civil War examines the unique demographic of young women coming of age during the time of the war. The sources for her study come from young women born between 1843 and 1849 to wealthy secession supporting families in the south. The study is chronologically organized and seeks to understand how the young women’s gender and upbringing tied their generation together and shaped support for the Civil war, even after it ended. The late antebellum is the first period examined, specifically young women’s lives before the war. Education is emphasized as the means by which women...
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...The Civil War, a savage confrontation between two nations of the same blood, upended the country from its feet and split it into tentative fragments. Adam Petty, a young however astute writer portrays in distinguished form countless horrors entailing the hostile environmental conditions associated with the Mine Run Campaign, a deadlocked engagement that ended with little result. Petty is an honored graduate student enrolled in the University of Alabama currently working on his PhD.; additionally, he has received multiple respectable awards such as the ‘David W. Bowen Award for Best Student Paper Presented at the Alabama Association of Historians’. The emphasis on the landscape and its manipulation throughout the battles are largely considered within Petty’s Wilderness, Weather, and Waging War in the Mine Run Campaign as he examines the points underlying his thesis: “The hostile setting in which the contending armies fought the Mine Run campaign was by no means natural. Rather, this forbidding landscape was the result of long-term exploitation, short-term engineering, and inclement weather” (9). Concerning the organization of the text, each paragraph is pleasingly defined. Transition sentences are used effectively while the...
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...Franklin County: Diary of Rachel Cormany is a primary source dated back from 1863 during the Civil War. It was written by Rachel Cormany who depicts her life as she waits for her husband’s return from the war. Cormany is said to have been born in Canada but moved with Samuel, her husband, to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. The diary is a companion piece to Samuel’s diary in the Cormany collection. At the start of the war, Samuel joined as a union soldier, leaving behind Cormany and their daughter, Cora. The section I found online is an excerpt of her diary; it began on June 1863 and ended in July in the same year. The topic of her entries ranged from accounts about her daily life, sometimes laced with boredom, to encounters with the Confederate...
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...For Cause and Comrades A war is a state of open, armed, and often prolonged conflict carried nations, states, or parties. The civil war was not a war between two countries fighting for land or control. The civil was within America, where citizens were dividing in their ideals and motivations. Northern states and the southern states differing ideals lead to fighting which separated them. Every war has its reasons whether it is a good and acceptable reason or a bad reason. People are killed in the heat of battle and the country itself can be damaged because of war; people want a reason for why their fighting. Some wars are inevitable and some are not, it all depends on what they are fighting for. In James M. McPherson’s book “For Cause and Comrades” he discusses the reasons why men fought in the civil war. 1. What are the primary sources used by McPherson to explain the motives of the 3 million soldiers who fought in the Civil war? What are the advantages and drawbacks to this approach? In the book, For Cause & Comrades—Why Men Fought in the Civil war, James M. McPherson uses collected diary entries and letters written by soldiers that were fighting for either the Confederate or Union army as his primary resources for this book. McPherson gives us these primary sources to give us insights into the life of soldiers fighting in the civil war. He explains that the “evidence consists of the personal letters written by soldiers during the war to family members, sweethearts...
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...Mary Boykin Chesnut was an influential writer during the Civil War. She wrote an amazing diary that documented her life during the war when she was 37, from 1861-1865. Despite her being loyal to the Confederate cause, Mary also wrote about how she was against slavery. Her family depended on slavery for their livelihood, which molded her upbringing in a home that supported slavery, however, she still believed that it was wrong. Mary Boykin Chesnut opened up to show the many aspects of life during the Civil War, including hers, throughout every financial struggle. Chesnut was a strong Southern woman with solid leadership skills, yet a caring and soft woman. Mary Boykin Chesnut was born on her grandparents' plantation at Mount Pleasant, South Carolina on March 31, 1823. She was the...
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...Sherman’s Atlanta March to the sea, also known as the Atlanta campaign, was very much remembered in history. In the summer of 1864 General William T. Sherman guided his men, who represented the United States of America, to battle against the Confederate States of America in a desire to end the civil war, end slavery, and to collect more free states. Because of this and the quick ending to the war of 1864, one can conclude one or even both sides of the campaign suffered through the destruction the events brought. Thus Sherman’s Atlanta March to the Sea was very destructive because it affects lives and morals to the soldiers fighting for the union. It caused the Georgians to change their lifestyle forever and traumatized the emotional well-being of the Georgian's. Although Sherman's men were brought to fight against the Confederacy, they genuinely ruined other people's lives and their own. During the Atlanta Campaign, many soldiers participated in destruction left and right without guilt, yet document 4, an excerpt from “The diary of Sgt. William...
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...the high seas, but never over territorial sea of another state -Art.1 1944 Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation: “every state has complete and exclusive sovereignty over the space above its territory” -It is a serious breach of international law for a state to order to violate the air space of another state (for e.g. USA military aircraft attacked, forced to land or shot down by Hungary, USSR, Czechoslovakia-a number of incidents) -Does the states have an unlimited right to attack intruding aircraft in all circumstances? -Lissitzyn principle (from 1953)-important (book!) -Some states support Lissitzyn principle and that flexible approach to civil aircraft as well as military craft, but other states including ICAO-International Civil Aviation Organization, believe that civil aircraft must never be attacked in such circumstances -The rule that (it is not indeed a rule) trespassing civil aircraft must never be attacked does not mean that they have a legal right to trespass -Assembly of ICAO in 1984 adopted an amendment to 1944 Chicago Conv. On the Int. Civil Aviation which confirms that “every state, in the exercise of its sovereignty is entitled to require the landing at some designated airport of a civil aircraft flying above its territory without authority.” and that “every state must refrain from resorting to use of weapons against civil aircraft in flight and that, in case of interception, the lives of persons on board and the safety of aircraft must...
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...Evaluating the role of ethnic identity in explaining the occurrence of contemporary civil conflicts in sub-Saharan Africa. High hopes for many newly independent states of Africa became diminished as the 1990s saw over a quarter of the continent's states facing armed insurgencies within their borders (Young, 2002: 534). Commentators often point to pathological, deep-seated hatreds in an African tribal mosaic as the bases of such conflict. The fact is, however, that the continent is awash with political grudges, ethnically-framed and otherwise, but civil wars rarely break out. Thus this essay seeks to take a more nuanced approach to understand the analytical challenge posed by such disorder. Starting out by countering the centrality of ethnic identity, it firstly seeks to demonstrate that ethnic identities do not exist primordially, but that they are constructed on weak foundations. Secondly it endeavours to show that where cleavages do exist along lines of cultural difference, simple heterogeneity is insufficient to account for the outbreak of conflict. Next, it moves to underline the fact that more important in explaining civil conflict is whether such conflict is feasible. This is understood both in terms of the perceived capacity of the state and in terms of the viability of insurgency for would-be rebels. A final conclusion will then be expounded that ethnicity is not a central factor, but that it is simply one of a number of strategies under which conflict may be framed...
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...predecssors. “The Arab Spring” as it was called began in Tunisia and spread across the region (Al Jazeera). The protestors in this revolt wanted a myriad of things. Some wanted democracy, respect for civil rights, and some want Islamization of government and a movement to theocracy. Syria, once a province of the Ottoman Empire, is a small middle-eastern nation between Lebanon and Turkey. In March 2011, pro-Democracy Arab Spring protestors who were marching to decry the arrest and torture of teen graffiti artists were fired upon by police. After the shootings, many more protestors joined the public displays of defiance (BBC ). After nationwide unrest and a refusal by President Assad to abdicate, the protestors began to arm themselves (Semple). The violence in the country escalated so quickly that by June of 2013, 90,000 people had been killed in the fighting and that number moved to 250,000 by August of 2015 (BBC ). Into the fray came the self-stylized Islamic State. This terrorist group which is opposed to Assad is fighting to create a Muslim caliphate throughout Iraq and Syria. In June of 2014, the group claimed that it’s caliphate had been established, which lead to US airstrikes to destroy the group, thus entering another belligerent into the fight (BBC). The Syrian Civil War was killed more than 250,000 people and approximately 11-12 million of the nation’s 22 million people are displaced. Approximately 6.5 million people are displaced inside of the country, with ~4.5...
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...Monrovia Civil War Massina Ballah Strayer University English 090 Professor Delicia Battle August 10, 2012 Monrovia Civil war Many years of war that suffered thousands of people, and many dead. As a result of this, there were no food or medication. Moreover, a war that many thought will never come to an end. Monrovia war, a war that started early Monday morning april 6, 1990. A bright sunny day. Women and children running to save their lives. From a distance, I heard a very big sound of machine guns, bullet flying all over the place. We all ran for safety. As a got dark, it was a terrible night I didn’t know what to do. I felt stomach sick, because of the heavy guns sound. After many hours sitting in the house, I felt that this is the end of our lives. The next day the rebels told us to get out of the house. While working out there, there were many dead bodies in the street. I was afraid, especially my first time looking, and working over dead bodies. We walked for many hours. When it was night time, we slept in a school building. Women were taken from their husband by rebels. I knew that it was not safe for us. No one to protect us. We didn’t have safe drinking water. We drank from the creek, or the riverside. After many day of struggles, we had no food to eat, or medication. My elder brother got ill. We needed medicine. There were no medicine. My brother sickness got worst and he died. I felt so bad. My brother and I were so closed . He was everything...
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...from the 21st century, my first and quick answer will be war Wars have been going on for centuries. War unavoidably.Brings death, destruction and suffering, which both ruin lives and nations. The most unjustifiable consequence of war is the loss of innocent civilians' lives. Civilians, who could have lived to make a huge impact on the world, pose no direct threat to the 'enemy' and might not even share the motives of the side they have been presumed to support. War eradicates hopes and dreams of millions, destroys homelands, frightens and oppresses people. Nothing that, in the end, brings more bad than it does good can be justified. Any kind of war is unjustifiable because it involves only killing. And what kind of victory does one get? Victory over millions of dead human flesh.Victory over the broken hearts of the family and relatives. We must not forget the horrors of the two world wars. In these wars, there was mass-killing and destruction of property. Thousands were made widows and orphans. War brings hatred and spreads falsehood. People become selfish and brutal. Finally I believe Wars are not the solution of the problems. Instead they generate problems and create hatred among nations. War can decide one issue but gives birth too many. Hiroshima and Nagasaki are the greatest horrible faces of the consequence of wars. Even after 60 years people are suffering from the miseries of war. Whatever be the cause of war, it always results in destruction of life and property at...
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...War Has No Boundaries The short story “The Sniper” was written by Liam O’Flaherty. The Sniper was published on January 12, 1923. Liam O’Flaherty was born on August 28, 1898. Liam grew up in a poverty-stricken village on Irishmore Island in County Galway on the western coast of Ireland (Cummings,2007). O’Flaherty joined the British Army during the First World War in 1915. He wrote the sniper on his findings during the Irish Civil War. The main ideas that Liam was trying to represent are war has no boundaries, that war reduces humans into mere objects, and individualism. The Irish Civil War began on June 28, 1922 and ended May 24, 1923. The war claimed more lives than the war of independence did. The conflict broke out between two opposing sides: The Free State, and Republican Opposition. The Anglo-Irish Treaty arose from the Irish War of Independence. The treaty provided for a self-governing Irish state in twenty-six of Ireland’s thirty-two counties. The Free State supported the treaty while the treaty represented the republican side. The split between the two opposing sides was very personal. The leaders on the opposing side were very close friends, and were comrades during the Irish War of Independence. The leader of the republican was...
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