...Any war fanatic is very familiar with the technological advances during the 1860s. Many factors of weaponry, transportation, and communication became in great use during this era. Innovations and advances include the telegraph, photography, aerial reconnaissance, railroads, army ambulance corps, long-range weapons, and warships. Tools and weapons such as these led to the great destruction and death that became known as the Civil War. Weapons and transportation were a big show stopper during the Civil War. Ships such as submarines and ironclad warships were the biggest threat of the 1860s. Not only were ships used as weapons, but long range weapons such as muskets and Minie Bullet were created to make attacking their target much easier and...
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...Historians still argue about the extent to which the Civil War was the first "Modern" war, but it is impossible to deny that the technology with which it was fought foretold the ways in which future wars would become bigger, bloodier and more devastating. Once the war started, communications technologies ensured that Americans would have much better access to war reports and images than in any previous war. In addition to these field reports, the magazine also published hundreds of articles about the new technologies that were being deployed during the war or tested for possible use. Almost every issue that appeared during the war years contained multiple articles on the newest developments in the construction of warships and weaponry. If the...
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...Medicine for the War The battle of Gettysburg was one of the bloodiest battle of the Civil war. In the first day more than 50,000 soldiers were killed. Tons of them were captured or missing or wounded. A lot of people died, but a lot were also injured and they had to rely on the medicine, cure , or method to help them get better. These soldiers used weaponry like swords or firearms including rifles,pistols. Even artillery such as cannons were used. Now since we live in a more advanced society, our technology improved our medicine and methods to help or cure. For example if someone was to get shot in the leg, our knowledge and supplies could help us heal that wound better than the way they used to do it in the 1860. Soldiers knew that they would be facing death by taking part in the war. Major general, John Reynolds 42, and one of the finest soldier in the union army battled in the war. He battled in 9 wars and served 22 years. In the beginning...
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...Revolution to Civil War By Maya Bhardwaj Abstract: social movements and regime change across the Middle East and North Africa. While interconnected, uprisings in each nation took different forms and reached out distinctions and interactions between uprisings, revolution, and civil war. standing scholarly debate. The presence or absence of civil war is examined in examinations of civil war: the nature of the governmental regime, territoriality complete understanding of what constitutes civil war and provides a framework 76 Introduction the Middle East, authoritarian regimes thought invulnerable to protest and impossible to oust began to cede to massive protest. Attacks on governmental institutions and elite leaders ensconced from public opinion developed divergently in each nation, employing tailored strategies to mobilize the public and reap key support. This paper focuses on the nature and development of these Arab Spring further use these distinctions to illuminate the conceptual, instrumental, and semantic nature of civil war in general. - exacerbated the grievances felt by rebel forces and smoothed over ethnic, religious, and tribal ten- trastingly, in Syria, instances of mild reform under Bashar al-Assad, popular concerns for security, kept civil war at bay. Conceptual Isolation of Civil War presence or absence of civil war. However, the scholarly distinction between civil war and other insurgency and counter-insurgency, uprisings, genocide or genocidal...
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...Weaponry Since many of the soldiers who participated in the first battle of Bull Run were state volunteers, they were armed with whatever the state government provided them. Many soldiers were issued smooth bore weapons at the beginning of the war. As it progressed, more and more soldiers were armed with rifled weapons, being more accurate and far superior to smooth bore rifles. For the past 150 years, the soldier’s weapon of choice was the .69 caliber smooth bore musket. These rifles were inaccurate and did not have an effective killing range (100-200 yards). A lot of luck went into the soldier’s marksmanship. In the days prior, Napoleonic tactics were commonplace on the battlefield. In this fashion, soldiers lined up side by side and fired a volley of lead into the enemy’s direction, each rank taking turns to reload while the other fired. This tactic was effective in its own right, causing high casualties to both sides. During the civil war however, good soldiers were hard to find, and advancements in technology allowed them to use tactics and weaponry that helped keep soldiers alive on the battlefield. Advancements in the weaponry used during the First battle of the Bull Run made a significant difference in many aspects of the battle. Rifles used in the battle looked identical to the ones previously used, but with one key change: rifling. Rifled weapons have groves cut inside the barrel that cause the projectile to spin as it leaves the muzzle of the weapon. This barrel groove...
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...The American Civil War was a testing period of opposing wills between the Union and the Confederacy. The main focal point for the war was on the issue of slavery. Headed by Abraham Lincoln, the Union desperately tried to emancipate the slaves while Jefferson Davis, head of the Confederates, tried to lead the Confederate rebellion against this emancipation. The two sides met numerous times in many battles that were spearheaded by brave soldiers. The soldiers of the American Civil War had many things in common including volunteers in their respective armies, military life, and some technology, but the overarching difference was the support of the African Americans the Union possessed. In February 1861, the Confederate States of America were formed which consisted of eleven states that seceded from the Union for their preservation of the right of slavery, states’ rights, and political liberty. Led by Jefferson Davis, the...
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...JEFFERSON DAVIS Major of the Confederate States Army, the Confederate States of America Caleb Huse, a major in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, is best known for his successful obtainment of arms and weaponry for the Confederate States of America throughout the war. As one of the purchasing agents of the army, he negotiated primarily with the United Kingdom and Austria to obtain the artillery that the South desperately required during its fight against the Union.12 Huse was also able to forge contacts with other European nations such as France, Prussia, and Bohemia in order to gain additional supplies. Born in Newburyport, Massachusetts on February th, 1831, Huse attended the United States Military 11 Academy from age 16 until his graduation in 1851. He returned to West Point to instruct chemistry, mineralogy, and geology after attending the artillery corps for one year.34 Before the Civil War, Huse also served in several ordnance boards before teaching in the University of Alabama, which aided in increasing his knowledge in military arms. 5 Following his resignation from the Union army in 1861, Huse was immediately recruited into the Confederate Army by Jefferson Davis and was assigned as a purchasing agent in London, England. Because the Confederacy did not have the ability to manufacture its own artillery, purchasing agents were needed to secure supplies for the army. Huse was deployed to London by the Confederate Government to serve as a purchasing...
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...Explain why Manchuria was the main battleground of the Chinese civil war in the years 1946–1948. The long-term factor that made Manchuria the main battleground in the beginning of the Civil War was its economic importance. Not only was Manchuria the industrial centre of China at the time, it was a strategic trade zone because of its infrastructure. Manchuria had some of the key railway lines connecting the region with a number of areas in China. Its economic importance was highlighted by the Japanese invasion in 1931, when they had chosen the region seeking for natural resources such as coal. Thus the region had proven to be economically beneficial for both sides, which one of the main reasons it was chosen to be the main battleground at the early stages of the war between the GMD and CPC. The fundamental reason for Manchuria being the key battleground between 1946 and 1948 however was the power vacuum created by Japanese surrender in August 1945. After a sudden retreat of Japanese troops, both the Nationalists and the Communists were determined to seize the abandoned territory, which is why both sent their troops to Manchuria as soon as Japanese had surrendered. The reason why it had been so essential for either side to take control of Manchuria was that seizing Manchuria would considerably strengthened the chances of either GMD or CPC to take over China. Therefore it was crucial to get control over Manchuria in order to have greater control over the whole of China. ...
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...Describe the different approaches to waging war of Grant and McClellan, utilizing Grant's campaign in the West and McClellan's maneuvers in Virginia. During the American Civil War, leadership within the Union’s army was constantly an issue. Within the Union, various generals were found at times to be at odds with the political leaders in Washington. This was especially evident in the relationship between General George McClellan and President Lincoln. This tension was the result of McClellan’s approach to waging war. By examining the differing approaches to waging war of U.S. Grant and George B. McClellan one can gain a better appreciation for the decision making that was necessary by leaders like Lincoln, in selecting military generals who could effectively wage war to defeat the Confederacy. By all accounts, George B. McClellan had the makings of a great general. Graduating second in his class at West Point in 1842, he served under General Winfield Scott in the Mexican War. (McPherson, 1988, p. 4) He also served with distinction early in the war by assuring that Kentucky and the region that would become West Virginia, remained out of Confederate control. (McPherson, 1988, pp. 299-301) After the Union loss at the First Battle of Bull Run, McClellan was named commander of the Army of the Potomac, and by November 1861, he was the General-in-Chief of all Federal forces. (McPherson, 1988, pp. 348-350) McClellan’s approach to waging war was one of the cautious tactician. He...
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...Civil War Research Paper This unit can be broken down into three different areas: the causes of the Civil War, the atrocity of the Civil War, and America’s Reconstruction after the war. With each unit there are a multitude of things that have had a significant impact on our development as a country since this period. With that in mind, you will be expected to research a topic of your choosing and write an in-depth research paper on it. My rationale for this assignment is two-fold. One, we are towards the end of the semester and I feel it is important to push your limits and force you to continue to work hard. Two, you will be in high school next year. This is a type of assignment you could and most likely will have in the near future. It is something you must work on in order to perfect it. Topic Choices (broken into 3 subunits) • Middle Passage • Indentured Servants • Jobs of Slaves • Resistance to Slavery • Slave Rebellions • Political Compromises • Abolition Movement • Life on Plantations • Free Blacks • Runaways • John Brown • Underground Railroad • Black Codes • Josiah Henson • Harriet Tubman • Frederick Douglas • Harriet Jacobs • Henry “Box” Brown • Olaudah Equiano • Economic Causes • Election of 1860 • Abraham Lincoln • Confederate States of America ...
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...During the Civil War a huge variety of weapons were used everything from cannons to pocket knives and shotguns. The most used rifle of the civil war was the Springfield model 1861. It was a slightly modified version of the model 1861. The model 1832 foot artillery swords were issued to the artillerymen was based on the Roman gladius. The model Dragoon saber issued to the United States cavalry and was an engaged version was privately purchased by mostly senior officers or officers in command. The model 1840 light artillery saber was issued to mounted artillery. Edged weapons which are any weapon with a sharp blade on them were actually very popular in the Civil war and many men preferred to use them in the war rather than guns...
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...Opinions on slavery, along with other economic and social differences had been creating a disconnect between the North in South of the U.S. After a series of conflicts within the government and with the people, Southern states started to secede and create their own confederacy. Compromises were proposed in order to reunite the states, but these attempts failed and a war began in America. Despite initial beliefs, the war turned out to be a long struggle. Many campaigns, such as the Peninsular campaigned displayed the impressive tactics of generals in both the North and South. The Civil War also became the first “modern war,” utilizing fighting styles, and advances in technology and weapons. Early campaigns in the war sought to win quick, decisive victories that would force the other side to step down. After the Battle of Bull Run, it became apparent to the North that the South would not easily be defeated. The Union's Peninsular Campaign took a slower approach to capturing the Southern city of Richmond. Though technically a victory for the Union, the Peninsular campaign brought a great turn of events for the South. With the South's limited resources a defensive plan was ideal, but the people were eager to take the offensive (Keene, 381). The southerners hoped several early wins would encourage the Union to abandon their mission....
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...During the Civil War, there was a group of men who had changed the battle field forever. These brothers in arms were Sharpshooters. Sharpshooters were skilled and trained men who made the battle field grueling for the opponent which changed the way they fought because of their weaponry, tactics, and training. At the time of the Civil War, the U.S. military didn’t have an official elite branch but Sharpshooters came very close to the version of our elite branches such as the Navy Seals and Green Berets. The 1st and 2nd U.S. sharpshooter regiment were full of trained sharpshooting volunteers that were brought and organized together by Colonel Hiram Berdan for the Union. The sharpshooting regiment had participated in many battles such as the second Battle of Bull Run and the Siege of Yorktown. Their uniform was a frock coat with a small cap which was mostly green and had brass or gold buttons. The sharpshooting regiments acted like skirmishes, usually in front of the army and makes first contact with enemies. They also played roles such...
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...Timeline Part II Major Event/Epoch in American History | Time Period/Date(s) | Description and Significance of the People/Event(s) to American History | 1) The evolution of the institution of slavery from the Colonial Period to the 1860s. | 1860-1865 | To the southern colonist, slavery became profitable after the cotton gin was invented. The cotton gin helped produce a large cash flow along with manual labor jobs. Prior to the cotton gin slave trade was done most by the New England colonies, this was called “Triangle Trade”. (www.civilwarhome.com) | 2) The socio-cultural impact of the abolitionist movement including: a) The effect of Uncle Tom’s Cabin b) The Kansas-Nebraska Act c) The Compromise of 1850 d) The Underground Railroad | 1800-1870 | In the middle colonies the abolitionism began early. Most people in Pennsylvania were against slavery due to a moral stand, while the upper and middle colonies did not contribute to the slave market. While on the other hand in the south the use of slaves continued to thrive for labor plantations as well as creating a group in which the poorest of whites could turn their noses up at. A small group of religious and moral causes began the Abolition Movement. Nevertheless they took to the north as a political group with federal powers. In the 1800’s efforts were curved too avoid the issues of slavery altogether such as Henry Clay’s compromises attempting to delay conflict, which quickly deteriorated after his...
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...The Civil War was a milestone of America. A time of strife, a time of fear, a time of innovations. Anyone living in the years 1861-1865 had their own account of the war and the events that happened to them. Shelby Foote, a American historian, declared “And I’m a slow writer: five, six hundred words is a good day. That’s the reason it took me a good 20 years to write those million and a half words of the Civil War”. Despite the wells of information about the war, one fact can be reached: the Civil War has come to benefit modern society. Although the Civil War was a dark time in American history, society has benefitted by creating advances in the medical field, inspiring innovations in the military, and bringing the dispute over slavery to a...
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