...Example of an Essay Plan (generic) Introduction This assignment shall utilise the given scenario (appendix one) in order to analyse two service governance issues. The two chosen issues are xxxxxxx and yyyyyyy. These shall be related to the scenario which involves xxxxxx….. The introduction should be a statement of what you intend to write in the body of the essay. Main Body Define/discuss what you understand by Service Governance/Clinical Governance. Identify and discuss two Service Governance/Clinical Governance issues. You may wish to discuss these as separate entities or discuss them together. You next need to discuss inter-professional team working in terms of barriers and conflicts. You need to demonstrate how collaborative working can reduce professional tensions and conflicts by analysing role boundaries. What are the potential barriers? How might these be avoided? What conflicts can sometimes occur? How does good inter-professional teamwork enhance the patient experience? You may wish to discuss some underpinning theories here, such as communication (verbal & written), consent, confidentiality, autonomy, advocacy etc. (you can’t discuss all of them but may wish to mention one or two). These are all relevant to inter-professional teamwork Who will be involved in the care of the client/patient? What will they do for him (their role)? Don’t forget to mention the importance of holistic care and maintaining privacy and dignity. What is the...
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...Governance In Healthcare Gap analysis between governance in Egypt and in UK Reham Mokhtar Rashwan MBChB, MScs ,CPHQ, LGBSS What is clinical governance? • “A framework through which NHS organisations are accountable for continually improving the QUALITY of their services and safeguarding high standards of care by creating an environment in which excellence in clinical care will flourish.” Corporate Governance Vs Clinical Governance: • It addresses those structures, systems and processes that assure the quality, accountability and proper management of an organisation's operation and delivery of service • It applies only to health and social care organisations, and only those aspects of such organisations that relate to the delivery of care to patients and their carers; Corporate Gov. • Term emerged to refer jointly to the corporate governance and clinical governance duties of healthcare organisations. Clinical Gov. Intergrated Gov. How it started? • Clinical governance became important in health care after the Bristol heart scandal in 1995, found the high mortality rate for pediatric cardiac surgery at the Bristol Royal Infirmary More and More suffering for lack of Governance!!! “Medical error is the third most UK: blunders Britain frequent cause of death in by after cancer 40,000 doctors killand heart a disease…….kills four times more yearall other types people than die from of accidents.” Sunday Times, 19 Dec 1999 WAY OUT !!! SO; ...
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...Reflective Outline and discuss a clinical audit that you have undertook into one aspect of care delivery and reflect upon the experience using Driscoll’s model of structured reflection. Word Count (2197) During the course of this piece of work, it is my intention to outline and discuss a clinical audit that I undertook into one aspect of care delivery and reflect upon the experience using Driscoll’s model of structured reflection (Driscoll, 2000). The audit, which focused upon the completion of prescription cards, was undertaken during my recent clinical practice placement at Holcroft, a twenty four bed mental health residential unit, situated in the North West of England. In addition to providing a summary of the exercise itself, I would also hope to explore the relationship between the clinical audit process and the wider framework for quality improvement in healthcare. The development of regulation and clinical governance systems in the United Kingdom will also be addressed as will the administration of medication as a significant element of nursing practice. Where necessary, use will be made of academic, research and other evidence based material to underscore or augment specific issues or indeed illustrate examples of good clinical practice. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) standards for conduct, performance and ethics (NMC, 2004) have been diligently applied in the construction of this assignment. Pseudonyms will therefore be used to ensure staff and patient...
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...Introduction: Clinical governance is defined as “a system which organisations are responsible for continuously improving the quality of their services and safeguarding high standards of care by creating an environment in which excellence in clinical care will flourish” (“Standards for general practices,” 2015). A method of improving the quality of services and achieving a high standard of clinical practice involves appraising staff performance. Clarke, Harcourt & Flynn (2012) states that in the health sector, a key role in implementing clinical governance is by appraising the performance of staff, this in turn, is critical to containing health care costs and ensuring and improving quality patient care. The intentions of performance appraisals are to maintain and improve a high standard of patient care, however, there are many studies concluding that performance appraisals are not always effective and may even be considered destructive (Bouskila-Yam, & Kluger, 2011). Evidence suggests that appraisals provide minimal satisfaction, as at times can be perceived as unfair, poorly structured and judgmental towards some employees (Spence & Wood, 2007). The reader believes that if performance appraisals were conducted in a manner to suit all parties involved, then appraising staff would be beneficial and critical to improving clinical governance, thus, patient quality care. In the readers’ experience, performance appraisals have not been well presented or conducted...
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...|Department: |Depression and Anxiety Service | |Base: |Newton Abbott | |Responsible To: |Local Team Clinical Lead | Job Purpose The principal purpose of the job is to improve the psychological health & wellbeing of people within an identified Devon locality. The post holder will be part of an Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service and will provide high intensity interventions - initially cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). The post holder will work with clients who have a range of complex Anxiety and Depression related problems for which CBT is demonstrated to be clinically effective. The post holder will work with people with different cultural backgrounds and ages, using interpreters when necessary and should be committed to equal opportunities The post holder will act as a lead specialist for IAPT, providing professional clinical supervision to less experienced staff, trainees & students. As a senior clinician the post holder will be expected to contribute to the leadership of the local service providing support and undertake delegated responsibilities under the...
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...Recently the terms "governance" and "good governance" are being increasingly used in development literature. Bad governance is being increasingly regarded as one of the root causes of all evil within our societies. Major donors and international financial institutions are increasingly basing their aid and loans on the condition that reforms that ensure "good governance" are undertaken. The concept of "governance" is not new. It is as old as human civilization. Simply put "governance" means: the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented). Governance can be used in several contexts such as corporate governance, international governance, national governance and local governance. Since governance is the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented, an analysis of governance focuses on the formal and informal actors involved in decision-making and implementing the decisions made and the formal and informal structures that have been set in place to arrive at and implement the decision. Government is one of the actors in governance. Other actors involved in governance vary depending on the level of government that is under discussion. In rural areas, for example, other actors may include influential land lords, associations of peasant farmers, cooperatives, NGOs, research institutes, religious leaders, finance institutions political parties, the military etc. The situation in urban areas is much...
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...INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 560 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (Effective for audits of financial statements for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2009) CONTENTS Paragraph Introduction Scope of this ISA ...................................................................................... Subsequent Events .................................................................................... Effective Date ........................................................................................... Objectives ................................................................................................ Definitions ................................................................................................ Requirements Events Occurring between the Date of the Financial Statements and the Date of the Auditor’s Report ........................................................ Facts Which Become Known to the Auditor after the Date of the Auditor’s Report but before the Date the Financial Statements are Issued ........................................................................................... Facts Which Become Known to the Auditor after the Financial Statements Have Been Issued ............................................................ Application and Other Explanatory Material Scope of this ISA ...................................................................................... Definitions .........................................................................
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...ROLE OF MEDIA IN PROMOTING GOOD GOVERNANCE Media are the storage and transmission channel or tool used to store and deliver information or data. Media are (mostly) non state actors who define themselves apart from the state and from all other societal actors (what Edmund Burke described as a “fourth estate”, distinct from government, church and electorate). While this notion of free and independent media acting on behalf of the citizen against both state and other interests is a widespread ideal, the reality of most media worldwide is complex, rapidly changing and extraordinarily diverse. Media can consist of everything from national newspapers to student magazines, global broadcasters to community radio, websites and blogs to social networks and virtual communities, citizen journalists to government mouthpieces. This briefing focuses principally on media – and to a lesser extent on linked information and technologies - at a national level within developing countries. The term media refers to several different forms of communication required to educate and make a socially aware nation. The communication forms can be radio, television, cinema, magazines, newspapers, and/or Internet-based web sites. These forms often play a varied and vital role in our society. GOVERNANCE Recently the terms "governance" and "good governance" are being increasingly used in development literature. Bad governance is being increasingly regarded as one of the root causes of all evil within our...
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...Introduction Policies are set of guidelines or principles to guide in decision making towards achieve a rational outcome. Policy making is a process of making crucial organization decisions. Policies can assist in subjective and objective decision making. They are several steps in implementation and carrying out of a policy. These steps include agenda setting, Policy decisions or no-decision, implementation of a new program or change in an old public program and criticism from citizens and formal program evaluations As a public administrator who is responsible with the implementation of government policies, I would first identify the pressing problem that requires legislations. Then take a comprehensive study of the cause of the problem in details. I will also get to know the awareness of the public on the issue, so that I can be able to decide on who will participate in fixing it. I will then consider the available means to solve the problem. After considering all this I will be able to gauge on the policy change, if there is need of any. After identifying the problem and studying it in into details, then I will formulate a new policy. However I have to involve different interested and affected parties. Since this stage involves discussion to identify potential challenges and alternative solution. To set clear objectives and steps needed to solve the issue. I will then put the new policy that has been agreed upon in to effect. To make this step a success, I need to ensure...
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...IT Governance A summary of “Ten Principles of IT Governance” (2004, Peter Weill, Jeanne W. Ross) and “IT Governance Framework” (2005, Craig Symons) Coming up with new governance mechanisms and policies should not be reactive (patching up problems), but proactive – using the enterprise’s objectives and performance goals as a basis Mature business governance processes can be used for IT governance Governance redesigns should be undertaken only when strategy is being revised, in such cases IT governance can be used for leveraging the strategic transformation CIO’s and senior management’s involvement in IT governance is crucial for its success, because it ensures better alignment of IT with strategy The exception-handling process must be clearly defined, as short as possible and should enable and encourage organizational learning. The owner of the IT governance must be familiar with all aspects of the enterprise (not only IT) and have credibility with all business leaders. The owner of the IT governance must be made also responsible for its performance A layered structure is often necessary for IT governance (possible layers are: enterprise-wide IT governance – driven by enterprise-wide strategies and goals and IT governance at division and business unit levels) The effectiveness of IT governance is severely affected by the effectiveness of its communication and transparency Coordination in the governance of the all six assets, one of which is IT, is critical for maximizing the...
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...What are policies, standards, specifications, procedures and exceptions Policy An Information Technology Policy is the highest level of the Information Technology (IT) Governance Standards documents. An IT Policy sets the direction, tone and limits for the enterprise and IT, and the IT Standards which are developed under the authority of the Policy. A Policy should seldom change. IT Policies require compliance; failure to comply may result in disciplinary action. Exceptions can only be approved by the CIO. A Policy focuses on desired results, not on the means of implementation. Accountabilities: Oversight of IT Policies is the responsibility of IT Governance. Policies must be approved by the Chief Information Officer and the Enterprise Policy Council. Standard Information Technology Standard Information Technology Standards are the most often used documents in the IT Policies and Standards Library serving as a reference for employees, contractors, consultants, and other persons. An IT Standard: • Defines requirements around a topic. The requirements may range from very specific (i.e., only 3DES and AES encryption algorithms may be used.) to broad (i.e., Web applications must check for common vulnerabilities). • Provides requirements without stating dynamic details. When dynamic details are important, an IT Standard may identify a requirement for the existence of a Specification or Procedure to contain those details. • Reviewed annually. The frequency of...
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...ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF SERVICE CHARTERS ON SERVICE DELIVERY IN MALAWI – A CASE OF SOUTHERN REGION WATER BOARD BY RASHID FRIDAY NTELELA (201004511) A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MASTERS DEGREE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION TO THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT, UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE, BISHO CAMPUS SUPERVISOR PROF. E.O.C IJEOMA 20th January, 2012 1 DECLARATION I, Rashid Friday Ntelela, hereby declare that this research thesis is my own original work, that all reference sources have been accurately reported and acknowledged, and that this document has not previously, in its entirety or in part, been submitted to any University in order to obtain an academic qualification. Rashid Friday Ntelela 20th January, 2012 2 Table of Contents DECLARATION ............................................................................................................... 2 DEDICATION .................................................................................................................. 7 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Introduction............................................................................................................ 9 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................. 11 Research...
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...Project governance is the management framework within which project decisions are made. Project governance is a critical element of any project since while the accountabilities and responsibilities associated with an organisation’s business as usual activities are laid down in their organisational governance arrangements, seldom does an equivalent framework exist to govern the development of project’s capital investments ( Sharma, Stone and Ekinci 2009 ). Project Governance extends the principle of Governance into both the management of individual projects via Governance structures, and the management of projects at the business level, for example via Business Reviews of Projects. Today, many organisations are developing models for ‘Project Governance Structures', which can be different to a traditional Organisation Structure in that it defines accountabilities and responsibilities for strategic decision-making across the project ( Crawford, Cooke-Davies, Hobbs, Labuschagne, Remington and Chen 2008 ). This can be particularly useful to project management processes such as change control and strategic decision-making. The decision making framework of the project governance is supported by three pillars ( Klakegg, Williams, Magnussen and Glasspool 2008 ) namely: structure, people and information. 1. Structure: This refers to the governance committee structure. As well as there being a Project Board or Project Steering Committee, the broader governance environment may include...
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...– like for any institution or even any individual – is a matter of governance, defined as “a mode of governing that is distinct from the hierarchical control model characterizing the interventionist state. Governance is the type of regulation typical of the cooperative State, where State and non-state actors participate in mixed public private partnership networks1”or “the formation of cooperative relationships between government, profit-making firms, and non-profit private organizations to fulfil a policy function.2” Of course governance is more than just a way to manage the interrelations within a public private partnership arrangement. We shall detail this by reference to a catalogue of the different types of accountability mechanisms identified by Erik B. Bluemel (BLUEMEL, 20073). The references cited here are taken from the mentioned article. People find into the Civil Society a playground to express their frustrations towards their national or local government that ordinary democracy fails to resolve. Therefore they feel the right to obtain a higher degree of accountability from the organisation they join or support. Regrettably, they are seldom satisfied. Accountability mechanisms are usually designed to constrain power, whatever its form. In the Communication Society, it has become one of the essential means for all interconnected actors to exert mutual control. It is an essential part of e-Governance and the only real enabler of eDemocracy. It has become quite clear that...
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...Fundamentals of Public Administration: “Public Office is a public trust. Public officers and employees must at all times, be accountable to the people, serve them with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency; act with patriotism and justice and lead modest life. ( Sec 1, Article XI of 1987 Philippines Constitution). How can we show our commitment to public interest? Base on the article of public servant in the Commission on election. Public Office is a public trust , therefore I am bound to commit myself as a public servant to obey due diligence of a good mother of the family in the exercise of my duty as election officer . My decision should be guided well on how to use the resources and powers which should be used for the betterment of the community and for the Firstly, dedication to work is very important and this will help me decide on how to work efficiently by organizing the agenda and work plans for the day so that there would be a smooth flow of output in the accomplishment to whatever reports needed. Secondly, by using justly the knowledge and experiences in the assigned work in the office, sometimes it counts when there is a devotion and dedication in the assigned task . Thirdly, honesty is the best policy , especially with the disposition of office supplies and funds in the Office, my duty is to dispose it properly and all accounted for and recycle some office supplies . Lastly, by exercising the cost-effective way to use the...
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