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Cochlear Implants

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Cochlear Implant Essay

Jeanie Partlow

HCA/COMM 270A The Context and Language of Health Care

Randi White

Warner Pacific College

April 30, 2012

Cochlear Implant Essay A cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device that provides electrical stimulation to the auditory nerve in the inner ear. The device has internal and external components. The external parts consist of a microphone, a speech processor, and a transmitter. The internal parts include a receiver and electrodes. The external speech processor captures sound, converts it to digital code that is transmitted to the internal electrodes, and finally, communicated to the brain for interpretation as sound. Good candidates for the cochlear implant have profound bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment and functional auditory nerves. Three groups of patients that have the greatest potential success include post-lingually deaf adults, pre-lingually deaf children, and post-lingually impaired people (usually children) who have lost hearing due to diseases such as meningitis. Tyler, Fryauf-Bertschy, Kelsay, Gantz, Woodworth, Parkinson (1997) confirm pre-lingually deaf children are excellent candidates as they obtain the implant during the time that the brain is developing and highly functional in adapting to sensory input. The cochlear device is implanted behind the ear where the surgeon will create a pocket in the mastoid bone for the receiver. The electrode array is then placed through the inner ear into the cochlea. After the healing process, which takes 1-4 weeks, the patient is fitted with the external parts and the implant is activated. The activation occurs by connecting the external sound processor to the internal device by a magnet. The device then undergoes a series of mapping activities to acclimate the patient to the implant. Sislian (n.d.) states mapping is necessary to allow the patient to distinguish between soft and comfortably loud sounds. Post implantation therapy is required, as the brain needs time to adapt to hearing new sounds.

References
Sislian, N. (n.d.). Mapping a Cochlear Implant - Hearing Pocket. Children's Cochlear Implant Clothing - CI Harness Alternative. Retrieved April 25, 2012, from http://www.hearingpocket.com/mapping
Tyler, R. S., Fryauf-Bertschy, H., Kelsay, D. M., Gantz, B. J., Woodworth, G. P., & Parkinson, A. (1997). Speech perception by prelingually deaf children using cochlear implants. Otolaryngologyhead and neck surgery official journal of American Academy of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery, 117(3 Pt 1), 180-187. Elsevier Science. Retrieved from http://Speech perception by prelingually deaf children using cochlear implants. | Mendeley

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