...Kasey Hearn Take home paper #2 When we interact with people on a day to day basis, they get a sense of how we interact both verbally, and nonverbally. By changing our normal, everyday routine, even for a little bit, those people seem to notice. Over the past couple of weeks I broke two verbal rules, and two nonverbal rules. The end results were quite surprising to me. I had to think about what rules I wanted to break and who to break them with. I made everything sound sarcastic and changed the order of my sentences for the verbal rules. I stood really close to someone and didn’t use a lot of eye contact while speaking with another person for the nonverbal rules. I made everything sound sarcastic when I was talking to my mom. I thought that this would be the most funny rule to break with my mom because she usually takes everything so serious and can’t really tell when one is being sarcastic or not. When I got home, she asked me “how was your drive? How was traffic?” Let’s just say my three hour drive home on the weekends is usually never any fun. So I replied “oh it was just great. The traffic wasn’t that bad this time.” This is breaking the pragmatic rule, which deals with the implications or interpretations of statements. I have never really used sarcasm while talking to my mom, so I thought it would be interesting, which it was. She kind of just stared at me with a blank look on her face and replied with a somewhat confused “ok”. Eventually she asked me if I was being sarcastic...
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...component where attention is focused on conversation rather than driving. The extent to which this occurs can significantly influence situational awareness (e.g., of the actions of other vehicles, the presence of a stop sign, etc.). Cognitive capture refers to the situation where the driver may be totally "lost in thought," a condition which, in particular, could impair situational awareness. Where emotional content (i.e., personal involvement) in a conversation is high, such as arguing with someone over the phone, the likelihood of cognitive capture is increased. Those instances that require some level of cognitive involvement leading to a loss of situational awareness are viewed as increasing the risk of a crash. Throughout this report, the phrase "cellular telephone" is used to designate the wireless communications hardware of interest. However, as pointed out earlier, a new, competing technology has emerged that also incorporates a similar architecture (i.e., handset) and hence similar concerns for safe use while driving. These Personal Communications Services (PCS) devices share many, if not all the display, control, implementation and user issues that have been associated with cellular telephone use in vehicles. Since all of the research and data reviewed in this report has focused on "cellular telephones," this phraseology has been adopted throughout this report to simplify the presentation...
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...currently offers a high speed fiber network that would fit perfectly in this environment. 2. How should the existing and new campus locations be connected to each other? (10 points) When connecting the 2 campuses together I would definitely recommend running a private link between the 2. You would typically be ISDN, frame relay or Ethernet, depending on the distance, amount of speed required, and the amount of money you want to spend. 3. Should the two locations share an Internet connection? (10 points) Since there will be a lot of traffic on the network I would recommend each site connect to the internet separately. 4. Compare the advantages, disadvantages, and cost of fiber optic cable, 5 GHz wireless bridges, and free space optics as a means to interconnect the campus buildings to the IT wing of the Administration Building. (10 points) Fiber optics is a great choice when a lot of speed is required in a network. Fiber will provide high speed access and it is immune to interference. A draw back with fiber is the cost, fiber is expensive to implement and is very difficult to install. 5GHz wireless gives you excellent connect to the internet because the frequency isn't shared with...
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...Nonverbal Communication People in the workplace can convey a great deal of information without even speaking; this is called nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication can convey just as much as written and verbal communication, and human beings read and react to these nonverbal signals in the workplace. Body language is nonverbal communication that involves body movement and gestures. The catalogue of these movements, together with attempts at defining their meaning, is called kinesics. Each culture is believed to possess a separate “language” of kinesics. This branch of study is used in matters of negotiation and interrogation, where reading nonverbal cues is of great importance. There are hundreds of thousands of possible signs that can be communicated through body movements and gestures. In addition to those movements and gestures, the nonverbal cues given through facial expressions and eye contact, personal space, and touch also influence individual interactions in the workplace. While this body language is generally well understood in each culture, there are major cultural differences in nonverbal communication. Albert Mehrabian, in his 2007 book Nonverbal Communication, focuses on the five categories of nonverbal communication widely used by sociologists. These definitions are used to inspect and learn from movements in social interactions. A movement may belong to more than one of these categories. The first category is emblem. These are movements so common...
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...Nonverbal and Unwritten Communication Myra Stilwell Business Communication and Critical Thinking/BCOM275 July 22, 2012 Pamela Lemons Communication is a mixture of verbal, written, nonverbal and unwritten forms. Verbal and written forms of communication are forms that everyone is more knowledgeable with. As humans we speak and have a language, we write our language we can communicate easily with those tools. Nonverbal and unwritten communications are also important to communication. Nonverbal and unwritten communication is weakly described as a conversation between people without using any words. This does not mean there is complete silence in nonverbal communication. The tone, pitch, and loudness of a person's voice are considered nonverbal even though there is a noise being made. There are several different categories in nonverbal and unwritten communications, but we will focus on four categories. These categories do have sound related to them. These communication devices are the use of facial expressions, gestures, body language and posture, and personal space. All of these are considered nonverbal communication. We will touch on each of these devices, give examples of how these devices help conversation, and explain how either the sender or the receiver will use the device. Facial expressions are noticeable, and used by everyone of every age. Facial expressions can convey to the sender that the receiver understands the message being...
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...Demonstrative communication is a silent way to communicate, which is key to interacting with another without speaking. Demonstrative communication, also known as nonverbal communication, is an imperative part of communicating with any person whether it is personal or business. It is a foundation of how two or more people respond and interact with another. Nonverbal communication involves both listening and responding while using subtle cues such as facial expressions, gestures, posture, and many others described later in this essay. Cheeseebro, O’Connor, & Rios (2010), contend listening involves attending to what the other person is stating and being opportunistic (p. 114). Responding is a form of giving and receiving feedback by not only verbal responses, but also nonverbal as well. For instance, if a person’s boss asks him or her to do something, he or she will respond by saying, “Yes, Sir.” By adding the nonverbal cues to the combination, he or she can roll their eyes and appear as though they do not want to do what is asked but will do it anyway. The person could have had a strong eye contact while smiling implementing he or she is happy to do the task. Nonverbal Communication Types According to the Helpguide.org website, there are seven types of demonstrative communication that includes facial expressions, body movements and posture; gestures, eye contact, touch, space, and voice. These are major components to effective communication so without further...
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...evaluating information. It is also an attitude that shows the ability to explore, probe, ask and search out answers and solution. 3. “Space Invaders” The method does Stengel uses in his introduction to generate reader interest is narrative ( a short story or anecdote). Furthermore, when i was reading the introduction the author spark my curiosity to continue reading the text. It was interesting to me because this is the way that people live today. Its very common looking around, and detect many space invaders. For example, in elevators, people are wedging themselves in just before the doors close or on the street, pedestrains are zigzagging through the human traffic. In short, the phenomenon of invading personal space has become more serious in the current society and this space varies across individuals according to factors such as culture, age, and gender. 4. According to the author, I understand “personal space” as the area around a person which they prefer not be occupied by another person. It is the surrounding area that psychologically, subconsciously, they regard as "their turf," the area that they will feel uncomfortable or react in some negative way if a person enters it. In addition, the writer gives several explanation to this pervasive phenomenon. The shrinkig of personal space is due to factors ---- the geographical space, the general decline of manners, and more more impudent...
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...Interpersonal Communication in an Intercultural Setting Cultural growth in the twenty-first century has heightened the emphasis on interpersonal communication in an intercultural setting. As our world grows, expands and becomes increasingly more interconnected by various technological advances, the need for effective interpersonal communication among differing cultures has become quite clear. Due to the advancement of technology in today's world, a world in which some businesspeople are involved in transactions with other businesspeople in faraway countries, the call for knowledge of intercultural communication within this setting has become a reality. Interpersonal communication is a form of communication that involves a small number of people who can interact exclusively with one another and who therefore have the ability to both adapt their messages specifically for those others and to obtain immediate interpretations from them (Lustig et al, 1993). Although interpersonal communication is usually thought of as being perf! ormed in small, centralized groups, a need to broaden these groups and bring about a general feeling of cultural awareness has become apparent. To a certain degree, all communication could be called interpersonal, as it occurs between two or more people. However, it is useful and practical to restrict the definition to distinguish those relationships that involve a relatively small group of people, such as couples...
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...belief systems as well as a human's behaviour, language, food, drinking habits and other determinants of one's daily routine. Understanding his or her own culture is a key factor in order to live in his or her society, but understanding other cultures gives the opportunity to look out of the box. It provides someone, for example, with the ability to interact between two cultures. A vital aspect when it comes to make business upon international terms. This paper will focus on the discoveries of Edward T. Hall and will also provide especially european countries as examples. 2. Hall’s dimensions of culture Edward T. Hall, Anthropologist, developed a culture model with three dimensions. Context, the most popular dimension, Time and Space. The following paragraphs will outline and explain the three dimension. Overview of the most popular culture models HALL | HOFSTEDE | TROMPENAARS | HIGH-CONTEXT vsLOW-CONTEXT | POWER DISTANCE | UNIVERSALISM vsPARTICULARISM | | | INDIVIDUALISM vsCOLLECTIVISM | HIGH-TERRITORIALITY vs LOW-TERRITORIALITY | INDIVIDUALISM | NEUTRAL vsEMOTIONAL | | MASCULINITY/FEMININITY | SPECIFIC VSDIFFUSE | MONOCHRONIC TIME vsPOLYCHRONIC TIME | | ACHIEVEMENT vsASCRIPTION | | UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE | SEQUENTIAL vsSYNCHRONIC | | LONG TERM ORIENTATION | INTERNAL vsEXTERNAL CONTROL | 2.1 Context Hall divided the context aspect in high-context orientation and low-context orientation to...
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...your office at your place of work. Label items in your office and show how they are positioned. How versatile is your office for handling every day negotiations with colleagues, staff and outsiders? Does your profession allow you to be accessible and friendly or inaccessible and remote? Does your office layout reflect this? If so, say it out. Can the proxemics power of your office be adjusted? How? OFFICE FAN FILING CABINET COLLEAGUE’S DESK COLLEAGUE’S DESK SLIDING WINDOWS SLIDING WINDOWS CHAIR CHAIR WI-FI TABLE DOOR MY DESK PHONES COMPUTER TABLE CHAIR The above diagram is an illustration of our office at my work place and there is no privacy because the office is an open space. The nature of the work that we do requires constant interaction amongst the officers and officers from other offices. Our office harbours all the records of the organisation which are used in executing day to day duties, our contact with other officers from other departments is very frequent throughout the day upto closing time which is at 1630 hours. There is need for direct and constant negotiations. Negotiation is an exchange of meaning with the intention to get what you want. It can also be defned as the interaction between two parts , individuals or groups with the sole aim of solving conflicts or problems. This interaction can be friendly to intense haggling or bargaining. When negotiationone aims at attaining a compromise. Negotiation...
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...Communication Theories XXXXXXXXX COM/310 February 17, 14 XXXXXXX Communication Theories Anthony Robbins said, “The way we communicate with others and with ourselves ultimately determines the quality of our lives” (Robbins (2013)). By analyzing different communication theories of our past, we will be able to understand how the theories can be applied to the future communication process of our social and professional lives. Each theory can give us an insight to not only how we are portrayed, but also as how we might communicate to others without preconceived notions. There have been many theories discussed and introduced over the years, but only three will be discussed in this paper. Each theory, Violations Theory (EVT), Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT), and Organizational Culture Theory will be described, and how the theory applied to some facet of my life. Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT) The communication process includes spoken, written, and non-verbal actions. “The Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT) suggests that people hold expectations about the nonverbal behavior of others” (West & Turner, 2010, p. 130). The theory suggests that proxemic zones and personal space are part of the nonverbal behaviors involved. The personal space is often based on each person own expectations. Some people consider their personal space much larger than those of others. When I met the wife of my good friend, I did not know of her anxieties about personal space...
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...Make a rough diagram of your office at your place of work. Label items in your office and show how they are positioned. How versatile is your office for handling every day negotiations with colleagues, staff and outsiders? Does your profession allow you to be accessible and friendly or inaccessible and remote? Does your office layout reflect this? If so, say it out. Can the proxemics power of your office be adjusted? How? The above diagram is an illustration of our office at my work place and there is no privacy because the office is an open space. The nature of the work that we do requires constant interaction amongst the officers and officers from other offices. Our office harbours all the records of the organisation which are used in executing day to day duties, our contact with other officers from other departments is very frequent throughout the day upto closing time which is at 1630 hours. There is need for direct and constant negotiations. Negotiation is an exchange of meaning with the intention to get what you want. It can also be defned as the interaction between two parts , individuals or groups with the sole aim of solving conflicts or problems. This interaction can be friendly to intense haggling or bargaining. When negotiationone aims at attaining a compromise. Negotiation is an activity that influences another person. McCormack (1995) define negotiation as the process of getting the best terms once the other side starts to act...
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...Demonstrative Communication Paper William Lemmert BCOM/275 August 18th, 2014 Lynda Sohl Nonverbal Communications We communicate with each other through various forms, either verbal, written, nonverbal or unwritten communications or through a combination of these forms. The verbal and written forms of communication are the most commonly known. However, nonverbal and unwritten communications are equally if not more important to successful communication. These forms can be used to send a message as well as accentuate your verbal communication. Nonverbal communication can occur through the use of facial expression, body movement, eye contact, gestures, touch, personal space, and through one’s voice through inflection and other non-word forms. We will touch on each of these devices and give examples of how these devices help or hinder conversation. Facial Expressions Facial expressions are universal in the sense the receiver of the message, no matter the cultural or national background, can receive emotional messages from the look of your face whether you are happy, sad, mad, surprised, or even fearful. Properly used, facial expression can accentuate an intended message. Say you were sitting down to give a promotion to someone and had a pleasant look on your face, the receiver would likely be relaxed and feel more comfortable. However, improper use of facial expressions could detract from the intended message. Say you were conducting a disciplinary...
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...People act in different ways depending on how they were raised-according to their culture in other words. This also means that their use of verbal and non-verbal communication is affected by their culture which is the different ways in which people behaves, acts or think towards themselves, families and other people in society or simply a set of values and assumptions that are shared by people. It needs not said that the use of non-verbal ways of communicating are directly linked to ones culture hence the conclusion non-verbal communication is culturally bound and culture biased. Non verbal-communication, which involves all external stimuli other than the use of the written or spoken Sword, involves among other things the use of colour, use of space, touching, gift giving and time in conveying a message. The use of colour in communicating is widely used nowadays but its use started a long time ago. For instance, we grew up with the notion that the red colour means danger and that black is associated with darkness. Colours nowadays are used by manufacturers of says pesticides to warn users of the effectiveness of the poison. In communication by colour, colour tells us about people and their culture. They use red to denote a dangerous chemical. At funerals moaners wear black conveying a message of the unpleasant and disheartening death of a loved one. White is associated with purity hence its use at weddings with the bride wearing a wide gown to send the message of her purity and...
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...programmes ensured its popularity and it cut across all lines and attracted large numbers of viewers who tuned in regularly to watch. The problem arose when it was noticed that such entertaining programmes were upping their popularity by introducing elements like sex and violence to grab more eyeballs. The alternative to these programmes were boring educational programmes that lacked attractive elements. The programmes focused on simply reproducing textual knowledge without taking care as to how such information was presented or packaged. People therefore had just two types of programmes to choose from and there was a feeling that the power of television was not being utilized for greater good. Entertainment education is therefore a communication strategy and a process by which media messages are planned and created with an aim to entertain and educate audiences so that they can live a happy, safe and value-filled life. These programmes first capture the attention of the masses by entertaining them and then educate them in a manner which is easily understood. Entertainment education programmes incorporate the best elements of entertainment and educational programmes to attract viewers with quality shows. These programmes are escapist in nature and introduce a new world to the people watching. The viewers were attracted to stories of people like them who meet with various challenges and solve them. People became emotionally and intellectually invested in the lives of the protagonists...
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