...Running Head: Traditional versus Contemporary Policing. Traditional versus Contemporary Policing Name: Course Title: Instructor’s Name: Institution: Date: Traditional versus Contemporary Policing The police force is a law enforcement agency that is mandated to enforce law by the state. Its main purpose is to prevent civil disorder and protect individuals as well as public and private property. The force has permission to use force where necessary. These forces form separate entities from the military and other forces charged with protecting states against foreign aggression. However, it has to be noted that such forces also have internal policing units too, such as the military police-which polices both the military and civilians. Law enforcement is not the only exclusive policing activity. The police are also involved in many other community service activities under various circumstances, but the most common ones are related to law and order preservation (Paynich, Russell & Cosner, 2005). The police force has evolved through time and most of its early policing techniques (traditional policing) have been found to be unreliable, and as a result contemporary policing methods (proactive policing techniques) have taken over the policing process. Traditionally, officers from the police have tried to reduce and prevent crime through making visible patrols, responding to crimes when they occur, making arrests as well as subsequent criminal investigations...
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...Abstract Community policing is a new idea that has been introduced to law enforcement. The program is federally funded and was created with the intentions of providing citizens the opportunity to work collectively along side with the police to diminish fear and crimes within communities. By examining police departments within the Unites States which has implemented community policing programs, a determination of whether there has been a positive or negative change can be concluded. Community policing, when implemented and organized properly is the ideal situation for police departments and the communities to build an alliance against crime. Community Policing Foot patrol or walking the beat are the many terms used to represent community policing. This community relationship has been a subject of discussion and research since the early 1900’s and still is today (Trojanowicz ,1986). Community policing was established with the idea of local law enforcement and the community working collectively, focusing on reducing and eventually preventing crime and social disorder. The strategy is to achieve a more valuable and proficient crime control, reduce terror of crime and improve quality of life. Community policing also helps the police gain the trust and cooperation of the community by having a strong presence in the area. Most importantly, community policing helps to empower the community and prevent it from being overwhelmed by gang violence, crime, prostitution...
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...Community and Problem-Solving Policing CJS/210 July 17, 2011 Community and Problem-Solving Policing Introduction In the United States today there are modern laws that are used in policing which are called community and problem-solving policing. Both of these are known to be useful in the community and with the law enforcement when trying to prevent and control crime in the community. At the core of problem-solving policing is responding to the matters within each community all across the United States. With that being said community and problem-solving policing are both improvements to the police and society that understands the use for these methods. I am going to talk about community policing. This method of full-service is really personalized policing where police officers patrol and work in the same area day in and day out. Community policing is a law that is brought down from the police department to provide assistance with the public and also inside the community which is very effective in minimizing crime due to the aid received by the police and individuals in the community. As the community develops an involvement of proactive techniques of community policing certain should then be reduced and managed in a safer manner. Police officers on a daily basis face ethical concerns in which they are the ones that are more experience to handle or answer to them. With that being said a lot of those situations due involve letting people get away with...
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...Innovations American policing over the last three decades has gone through many changes and innovations. Police and researchers try to create innovations in order to prevent or reduce crime. Following the white flight and the development of suburban towns, police started to switch from their standard practices to improve their procedures. This paper will explain and compare ten police innovations in order to show how police officers and researchers work to reduce crime. These innovations include problem-oriented policing, community policing, “broken windows” policing, Compstat, hot spots policing, “pulling levers” policing, evidence-based policing, third party policing, Intelligence-led policing, and predictive policing. In addition, it will contain a personal recommendation of which reform police agencies should implement. The paper will explain specific examples on how this reform will be helpful to police agencies. Police and scholars work to enhance reforms vigorously in order to decrease crime, assist with community needs, and prevent further delinquency. Certain police reforms provide more decision-making power to the individual beat officer, and problem-oriented police gives vast amounts of discretion to them. Problem oriented policing (POP) is a logical way of looking at the problem in policing. The POP reform works to understand and analyze crime and policing tactics to try to prevent the crime or at least manage to slow the frequency of the crime. POP was designed by...
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...Community Policing Briarcliffe College Professor Toohey 12/17/14 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime. Throughout this reading you will get the full concept of “Community Policing” and how it benefits us civilians as a society. LITERATURE REVIEW This section of the essay consists of a grouped summary of published sources that I will be presenting, that I will be using for my paper, you will read about the pros of community policing such sources will be Wycoff and Skogan (1993), McElroy et al (1993), The United States National Institute of Justice (1992), and Bayley (1989). I chose these sources because all these people were all involved with police field. HISTORICAL ANALYSIS On December 17, 1996 the resolution was further amended to expand the Community Policing Task Force from 9 to 15 members. On November 4, 1997 the resolution was further amended (Resolution 73916) to create the Community Policing Advisory Board (CPAB). In 2004, Oakland voters approved Measure Y, he Violence Prevention and Public Safety Act which influenced how Oakland handled community policing and violence suppression. On April 13, 2005 Oakland adopted Resolution 79235. This resolution reiterated Resolution 72727...
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...Week Eight Assignment: Community and Problem-Solving Policing Community and Problem-Solving Policing Shawn Morris Axia College There are three main topics of policing that we have among us today which are Community policing, problem-solving policing and federal government’s integration into community policing that all work together as one to keep our streets safe and secure. In recent years, the philosophy of community-oriented policing has gained a significant position in American law enforcement procedures (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1999). This process has come to be known as the problem-solving process of policing. These problem-solving strategies focus on crime generators and hot spots that plague law enforcement agencies in the United States (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1999). There are many ways to reduce these hot spots with community programs in policing. This could include neighborhood watch groups and local business owners to control the rate of crime in the community. This increases surveillance within the community and cuts down on the number of police in these areas. The citizens in these communities and local business owners can report the findings to the local police for further investigation. Why focus on hot spots? Residential locations can generate as much as 85 percent of the repeat calls for service. Moreover, research indicates that in many communities, more than 50 percent of the calls for service come from only 10 percent of...
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...(2) Community Based Policing. Community based policing is or community-oriented policing is both a philosophy and an organizational strategy that allows the police and the community to work together to solve problems of crime, disorder and safety issues and to improve the quality of life for everyone in that community (OSCE, 2008). It is a strategy of the police department and their primary focus is to work and build strong ties with members/individuals of the communities they are working in. Police officers are encouraged to spend a reasonable amount of time and effort in developing personal and strong relationships with citizens, schools, businesses within the community. Perhaps this could especially prevent youths from committing such petty...
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...Sir Robert Peel on American policing Daniel Jackson JR CJA/214 11/26/11 Mark Logan Sir Robert Peel’s Position on Policing to the Diverse Needs of the Modern Day Society The necessity of an orderly society points out to be the most important ingredient of social, political, and economic progress. Many lawyers and magistrates had been trying to contribute to that effect especially those who are public servants. One of these administrators of justice is Sir Robert Peel who had contributed much for the benefit of the society through his famous position on policing to the diverse needs of the modern society. Sir Robert Peel was born last February 5, 1788 at the place called the Chamber Hall near Bury in Lancashire (Bloy, 2008, p. 1). He served twice as a Prime Minister in his country England and had parliamentary career until he died in the year 1850 (Bloy, 2008, p. 1). The family of Sir Robert Peel entered weaving and farming as livelihood in his early years and later moved into textile manufacture business that made them wealthy. There are nine (9) pointers for the position of Sir Robert Peel in policing that made his ideas last until this time. First, the primary mission of the police is the prevention of crime and disorder. There is no other purpose for the establishment of the police in the society but to prevent crimes. Second, police ability to perform their duties depends upon the approval...
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...Policing Paper Keith Tunstall AJS/502 12-23-2013 Mr.Hazen Policing Paper The policing paper will be based on the past, present , and the future of all of the operational and administrative and the paper will be based on the problem-solving relations and policing of the proper function of criminal investigations, major and crucial responses to drastic incident dispatches and of the future problem-solving trend. Policing Paper Proper policing and its structure of the policing structure has always been under scrutiny from the past, present and the future. Most professionals in the criminal justice system search for that one specific strategy that will dramatically instill a positive structure for policing. According to (Walker, S., & amp ; Katz, 2011) “ Herman Goldstein’s approach to policing represents a proactive to policing, rather than a reactive approach to policing. Policing is more than just a response to 911 calls policing involves problem solving to identify recurring problems and developing strategies to reduce and eliminate recurring problems.” Structure or Problem- Solving Policing From 1980 Herman Goldstein upstarted a new structure of policing by solving problems and preventing specific...
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...Public Policing Versus Private Security Trina Burkett AJS/502 March 19, 2012 Dr. Pamela Knothe Public Policing Versus Private Security When comparing public policing to private security there are several similarities and differences between the two roles. Private security is paid by a private company or agency, whereas public policing is paid by government salaries and by tax payers. Public police officers have the authority to enforce laws and protect and serve society. Private security officers are paid to protect private property and personnel. Most of the duties that public policing and private security officers perform are similar. The services that both officers perform are to achieve similar goals, to prevent, and deter crimes. Public policing and private security officers serve as leaders while performing their duties. Public policing and private security officers have a positive impact on the criminal justice system. The impact that both of these companies have on the criminal justice system could be enhanced if both would team up, work together, and look toward the future. Other topics that will be discussed are the importance of a comprehensive security plan and its key components. There are several differences between public policing and private security. Even though both public policing and private security perform the same type of work, private security protects organizations and personnel. Public policing has the authority to enforce the laws...
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...2016 Introduction to Criminal Justice Professor James Jackson Semester Assignment: Community Policing Community policing has become a very important and very necessary part of policing and protecting our communities. The concept has been in place for many years. It is actually part of one of the main events in policing reform that occurred between 1960 and the present time. This was actually brought about because of many problems, including questions about the police treatment of minorities and why they were not effective. The Rodney King and Bryant Allen case most notably. Two African American men were videotaped by an observer being beaten by police officers helped to change the face of police. The radical changes that occurred because of this made way for much needed reform, community policing, which has been a tool for effective policing. Our text describes community policing as “a law enforcement program that seeks to integrate officers into the local community to reduce crime and gain good community relations. Community policing typically involves personalized service and decentralized policing, citizen empowerment, and an effort to reduce community fear of crime, disorder, and decay” (pg. 165). Community policing is how the police work with the community to protect the citizens while doing their jobs “effective and efficiently”. Overall, the concept of community policing seems like such a great idea for the citizens being served, as well as the police officers...
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...Assignment 1: Predictive Policing marta dawit CIS 500 October 15, 2013 Predictive policing is the application of logical techniques particularly measureable technique to identify likely goal for police interference crime or successfully past crimes by making statistical predictions. The use of statistical and geospatial analyses to forecast crime levels has been around for decades. Since having happened not long years, however, there has been a surge of interest in diagnostic tools that draw on very large data sets to make predictions in reinforce of crime prevention. These tools constantly increase police departments’ confidence on information technology (IT) to collect, maintain, and analyze those data sets, however. These analytical tools, and the IT that supports them strongly, are largely developed by and for the commercial world. In addition Most Universities and technology companies have created computer programs IT based on private-sector models of forecasting consumer behavior. Businesses use predictive analytics to determine sales plans. For example, take one of the bigger company like BJS analyzes weather patterns to determine what it stocks in stores, bottled water, overstocking duct tape, and strawberry Pop-Tarts before major weather events. The first two items are expected, but the Pop-Tarts represent a non-obvious relationship. These relationships are uncovered through statistical analyses of previous customer purchases during similar major weather events...
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...Sir Robert Peel and American Policing Kristi Pursley CJA/214 August 15, 2011 Don Redden Sir Robert Peel and American Policing The history of policing dates back several thousand years ago when there was no order or peace and inhumane acts upon citizens was the norm with religious, political, or military police acting as the law. Policing was unstable and unorganized. Citizens took the law into their own hands and served as judge, jury, and executioner. There was not such a thing as being “innocent until proven guilty.” If the community believed an individual was guilty of a crime then the community would handle the offense themselves. American policing stems from the English heritage; crime prevention and control, preventive patrol, and the quasi-military organizational method became the policing structure. The English colonists brought a criminal justice system as part of their cultural baggage (Walker & Katz, 2008, p. 24). In addition, American policing also used other features from the British system. A member of England’s elite social and political class fought to improve the structure of the law enforcement for more than 30 years. History expresses itself and acknowledges this member as the “father” of modern policing, otherwise known as Sir Robert Peel (Walker & Katz, 2008, p. 25). After the collapse of the England law enforcement in the early nineteenth century, Sir Robert Peel took a stand to control order and organization in the law enforcement system...
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...Community oriented policing is the partnership between the police, neighborhoods, and all the people they serve (Kunselman148). Problem-oriented policing is when law enforcement analyzes the problems they handle to determine a plan for handling the problems in a long-term fashion (Kunselman 149). A key element of community policing is an emphasis on crime prevention. The public has been encouraged to partner with the police in an effort to deter crime with programs such as a neighborhood watch. Community oriented policing and problem oriented policing have the same goal which is reducing and deterring crime in local communities. At the heart of community oriented policing is the relationship between the police and the community and how the two can collaborate to identify and solve community problems. There are numerous elements frequently associated with community oriented policing including the empowerment of the community, the belief in a broad police function, the reliance of police on citizens for authority, information, and collaboration, the application of general knowledge and skill, specific tactics targeted at particular problems rather than general tactics such as preventive patrol and rapid response, and decentralized authority to better respond to neighborhood needs. The goal of community policing is to bring the police and the public it serves closer together to identify and address crime issues. Instead of merely responding to emergency calls and arresting criminals...
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...Predictive Policing | : CIS 500 Information System Decision-Making There are several advantages to the new strategy known as Predictive policing which is multi-disciplinary, law enforcement-based strategy that brings together advanced technologies, criminological theory, predictive analysis, and tactical operations that ultimately lead to results and outcomes -- crime reduction, management efficiency, and safer communities. It is also a tool to increase odds of stopping crime, a technology for any jurisdiction of any size, a training tool to bring newer police up to speed more quickly, information available immediately where and when it is needed. There are advantages and disadvantages to the predictive policing system. Some advantages are: safer cities, less street patrolling to prevent crimes, actually preventing crimes before they occur and have a negative effect on the potential victim in any way. There are some disadvantages to predictive policing: Predictive policing will only target neighborhoods and areas that have high crimes rates. It may cause neighborhoods where crime doesn’t usually occur to go unnoticed or have higher response time. The predictive policing is a great technical system to utilize to maintain safer cities, reduced crime, and productive police force. The police department will have to seek IT administrators to maintain the database for high crime locations. Most repeated crimes occur in the same areas or locations. This will require reduced...
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