...still dominated by all kinds of social conflicts, despite our outstanding material, scientific and technological advancements. Human beings, too often lack in their conduct the essential attributes that separate us from other animals. A sense of decency, moral, logic, the feelings of love and compassion for others in our various forms of interaction with one another. Too often these noble expressions of our common humanity are not respected, even in areas where they are deemed to be essential. Nursing, from its foundation and elevation by pioneers such as Florence Nightingale has always relied upon the idea of compassion as its core essence. Later on, other nursing theorists like Sister Simone Roach made it a key component of the development of her own version of caring as a theory on which nursing is based. The concept analysis developed by Avant and Walker (2011). Concept analysis in strategies for theory construction in nursing pp.157-176 provides tools that can be used to demonstrate the importance of compassion when it comes to its application for relevant and competent nursing practice. Compassion: A Concept Analysis From its inception to today’s practice the essence of nursing has not changed, despite its ever growing scope and field of action. According the international council of nurses(ICN) ‘’Nursing” encompass autonomous and collaborative care of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes...
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...Countering Compassion Fatigue: A Requisite Nursing Agenda Deborah A. Boyle, MSN, RN, AOCNS®, FAAN Abstract Nurses have a longstanding history of witnessing the tragedy experienced by patients and families; however, their own reactions to profound loss and premature death have not been systematically addressed. There is a paucity of research describing interventions to prevent or minimize the ramifications of repeated exposure to traumatic events in the clinical workplace. Compassion fatigue is a contemporary label affixed to the concept of personal vicarious exposure to trauma on a regular basis. Yet this phenomenon of compassion fatigue lacks clarity. In this article, the author begins by describing compassion fatigue and distinguishing compassion fatigue from burnout. Next she discusses risk factors for, and the assessment of compassion fatigue. The need to support nurses who witness tragedy and workplace interventions to confront compassion fatigue are described. Citation: Boyle, D., (Jan 31, 2011) "Countering Compassion Fatigue: A Requisite Nursing Agenda" OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 16, No. 1, Manuscript 2. DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol16No01Man02 Key words: Compassion fatigue, nurse stress, work setting improvements, communication skills Nurses care for ill, wounded, traumatized, and vulnerable patients in their charge. This exposes them to considerable pain, trauma, and suffering on a routine basis (Coetzee & Klopper, 2010; Hooper, Craig, Janvrin, Wetzel...
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...Theoretical Framework of Compassion Fatigue September 11, 2014 Theoretical Framework of Compassion Fatigue Compassion fatigue, which is also known, as secondary traumatic stress is a natural effect that occurs as a result of taking care of patients who are in pain, stressed, suffering, or traumatized. Compassion fatigue commonly affects nurses who show extreme empathy for patients and their relatives. Empathy is the act of putting oneself in another person’s situation or understanding one's feelings (Walker & Alligood, 2001). It has always been a nurse’s role to show empathy to patients and their relatives. In the process of sympathizing and empathizing, nurses can easily develop compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue affects nurses physically, psychologically, and spiritually in addition to affecting their daily duties. Nurses may intentionally stop working with certain patients or reduce their empathy for patients, and others may have repetitive call-ins to avoid working specific patient populations. These adverse effects can easily lower hospital or institution productivity. Therefore, it is advisable for nurses to be encouraged to seek advice and counseling from counselors, mentors, psychologists, and other responsible persons. It is also necessary for nurses to be aware of the symptoms of compassion fatigue to facilitate taking preventative measures as early as possible. The compassion fatigue theory is connected to the relationship between the patient and the...
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...Outlining One Recent Key Policy Documentation and How it Influences a Practice The need to address public health need emanate from government of the day in respond to public out cry, it formulate polices, to address current health issues. Over the years’ policies such as stop smoking, how to survive cancer, saving lives, and so on have not only created awareness amongst the population but also improve the health of certain sections of different communities. One of such policies is the ‘Vision 2020- focusing on the future of district nurses.’ This essay will focus on one aspect of this policy, (Compassion in relation to End of Life Care) and analyse how it influences current and future practice. It will critically analyse the economic, political and philosophical underpinnings of the policy, and appraise the ethical and moral implication for practice whilst drawing on appropriate principles, theories and frameworks. A conclusion will be drawn which will justify the formation of the policy. Vision 2020 emerged as consequence of health care establishments frugal activities. In certain cases patient were routinely neglected by Trust pre-occupied with cutting cost, that they lost sight of the fundamental responsibility to provide compassionate care. The policy published in January 2013 has 6 main aspects of fundamental care, which are, compassion, care, competence, courage, commitments, and communication. Compassion within the end of life care involves the use of the Liverpool care pathway...
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...Patient Services/Intensive Care Nurses/Compassion Fatigue Intervention/BESt 173 Best Evidence Statement (BESt) Date: July 17, 2013 Title: Decreasing Compassion Fatigue* among Pediatric Intensive Care Nurses Using Self-Care Skills* and Compassion Fatigue Training* Clinical Question: P (Population/Problem) I (Intervention) C (Comparison) O (Outcome) Among pediatric intensive care nurses does functional knowledge of compassion fatigue and the practice of self-care skills, compared to not, demonstrate less compassion fatigue? Definitions for terms marked with * may be found in the Supporting Information section. Target Population for the Recommendation: Nurses working in pediatric intensive care settings who provide direct patient care Recommendation: It is recommended that nurses working in pediatric intensive care settings receive training that includes compassion fatigue awareness, coping strategies, stress management, relaxation techniques and self-care interventions to decrease the level of compassion fatigue experienced in the work environment (Marine, Ruotsalainen, Serra, & Verbeek (2009) [1a]; Gunusen, & Ustun (2010) [2a]; Kravits, McAllister-Black, Grant, & Kirk (2010) [4a]; Meadors & Lamson (2008) [4a]). Discussion/Synthesis of Evidence related to the recommendation: The evidence referred to a variety of concepts related to the manifestation of compassion fatigue, including burnout, emotional exhaustion, and workplace stress. The concepts...
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...Burn Out * To be burn out: * A state of emotional exhaustion caused by the stresses of one’s job, responsibilities, work environment or lack of support. * Compassion Fatigue Syndrome: * A physical, emotional and spiritual fatigue or exhaustion that takes over a person and causes a decline in their ability to experience joy or feel and care for others. * Phases of Compassion Fatigue: * Idealist Phase: A. Motivated by idealism B. Ready to serve & problem solve C. Desires to contribute & make a difference D. Volunteers to help E. Full of energy & enthusiasm * Irritability Phase A. Cuts corners B. Avoid client contact C. Mock peers & client D. Underestimates own efforts at wellness E. Loss concentration & focus F. Distance oneself from others * Withdrawal Phase A. Loses patience with clients B. Become defensive C. Neglects self & others D. Chronically fatigued E. Loses hope F. Views oneself as a victim & isolates oneself * Zombie Phase A. Views others as ignorant or incompetent B. Loses, patience, sense of humor & zest for life C. Dislike others D. Becomes easily enraged Signs and Symptoms of Compassion Fatigue Work Related * Avoidance or dread of working with certain patients * Reduced ability to feel empathy towards patients or families * Frequent use...
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...A Tool to Help Heath Care Professionals Cope A Tool to Help Heath Care Professionals Cope Compassion Fatigue Compassion Fatigue What is Compassion Fatigue? Caring too much can hurt. When caregivers focus on others without practicing self-care, destructive behaviors can surface. Apathy, isolation, bottled up emotions and substance abuse head a long list of symptoms associated with the secondary traumatic stress disorder now labeled: Compassion Fatigue. This used to be labeled as burnout and is a deep physical, emotional and spiritual exhaustion, which can include feeling actual pain. Caregivers such as nurses and physicians as well as families may become less empathetic and unable to give their all to their patients. Learning to recognize the signs and symptoms is the first step towards combatting this problem. Some Key Points * Compassion fatigue is a form of burnout that manifests itself as physical, emotional and spiritual exhaustion * To prevent or recover from compassion fatigue, take time for self-reflection, identify what's important and live in a way that reflects it * To sustain yourself at work, develop “principles of practice” — guidelines of personal integrity that articulate the parameters of your personal values. Commit to live and work within these principles. What is Compassion Fatigue? Caring too much can hurt. When caregivers focus on others without practicing self-care, destructive behaviors can surface. Apathy, isolation, bottled up emotions...
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...COMPASSION FATIGUE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS A PROPOSAL PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF UNIVERSITY OF THE VISAYAS CEBU CITY, PHILIPPINES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN NURSING MAJOR IN NURSING MANAGEMENT BY: CONCHITA BRANZUELA BERGADO CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM INTRODUCTION: Quality of life among healthcare providers will matter on the quality and safety of patient care. Today the proportion of acute patients entering the health care system through emergency departments continues to grow and the number of patients in the Intensive care unit also increasing. In emergency room department, the Emergency medical services (EMS) workers are primary providers of pre-hospital emergency medical care and integral components of disaster response. The potentially hazardous job duties of EMS workers include lifting patients and equipment, treating acute injuries or life-threatening illnesses, handling hazardous chemical and body substances, and participating in the emergency transport of patients in ground and air vehicles. These duties create an inherent risk for EMS worker occupational injuries and illnesses. Healthcare workers in the Emergency medicine has evolved to treat conditions that pose a threat to life and have a significant risk of morbidity. Work-related stressors in which Emergency Department nurses encounter are numerous as a result of the...
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...and rendering empathetic care to patients and families. Daily, nurses are also subject to a multitude of crises, high acuity sets and increased workloads. The psychological demands of a nurse, under incomprehensible amounts of stress, has yet to be addressed in depth. Compassion fatigue is a label stuck to the caregiver who becomes victim to continued strain in meeting the needs of patients and families suffering from critical, traumatic, or end-of-life needs. Because of compassion fatigue, the emotional, mental, and physical health of the nurse is at stake. Little has been done to prevent compassion fatigue in the workplace. However, voices are beginning to advocate for nurses who are in the trenches day in and day out by initiating compassion fatigue interventions. These include mentorship programs, educating healthcare staff on compassion fatigue symptoms, and speaking to state legislators who are able to enact change in the healthcare setting. The implications of personal health, patient satisfaction, job satisfaction, and joyfulness are in jeopardy. Keywords: compassion fatigue, empathetic care, psychological demands, compassion fatigue interventions, compassion fatigue prevention, compassion fatigue symptoms, patient satisfaction, job satisfaction, mentorship programs A new nurse and her preceptor have a seven patient assignment. The preceptor is called away to attend to another matter, leaving the new nurse alone to care for seven patients, including an...
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...We often tend to trap ourselves in speculations, fear, our opinions and nothing else “When we believe something to be the absolute truth, we have become caught in our own views." trapped in our own mind, not looking at the world through others perspective too. Thus, making us ignorant of what others go through, blocking us from understanding “Exclusion, getting caught in our views, is a deep-seated habit that arises from fear and misunderstanding of others.” “we must practice and develop understanding and compassion in all parts of our life." His views on the world where more that extended, he always tried to see every possible reason for every outcome, to understand the hate, and exchanging it with...
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...Evidence-Based Practice and Outcomes In today’s health care, where the clinicians’ performance must prove and measure their quality of care in order to be reimbursed, care providers find solutions through the utilization of evidence-based practice (EBP) that leads to quality outcomes. Moreover, Winters and Echeverri (2012) asserted the Institute of Medicine’s mandate that all health care clinicians are expected to be competent in EBP to meet the challenge of the current health system. Since there is a significant wide gap between the knowledge translation and clinical practice, Melnyk and Fine-Out Overholt (2015) offered strategies to assist clinicians and organizational leaders in incorporating EBP into a consistent health care practice....
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...Furthermore we watched the DVD and it shown example of bad communication and how it can be so devastating and affect the patients negatively if they don't get the enough information about their illness and treatment. The Nurses and Midwifery Council (2008) recommend is very essential that the nurses are able to give patients, information, advice and a guideline about what is going on. Furthermore if patients are given enough information it will empower them as it reduces their concerns about the illness. We also discussed in small groups the definition of stereotype, prejudice discrimination and how they are connection between these words. Moreover in the group discussion we discussed how can easy lead to other, for instance, is very easy to certain group to be stereotype which can results poor care to their patients which leads be prejudice and then into discrimination. Therefore The Equality Act (2010) is law to protect people and is against the law to discriminate. http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/equalities/equality-act-publications/equality-act-guidance/individual-rights1?view=Binary access date on 5/2/13 I found watching the DVD beneficial as well touching. I felt that my self-awareness and communication skills already improved. It clearly highlights what patients really feel and want from the nurses. For example I have learnt that effective communication skills such as active listening, the right facial expressions and explaining what is going on will make...
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...Introduction “At a time when bullying is rampant, it makes more sense to build on the positive by instilling compassion and dealing with kids’ questions about the unfamiliar, rather than simply outlawing behaviours,” author Tim Huff. Tim Huff is the creator of a storybook and discussion guide, titled The Cardboard Shack Under the Bridge, that focuses on teaching elementary school students compassion for people who are homeless. The focus of the material is to encourage children to understand the people and stories behind homelessness in a hope to instil compassion, rather than judgement or fear. Furthermore, the hope of the program is that it encourages children to care deeply for their communities. We created an hour and a half interactive lesson for a Grade 1/2 class at Briar Hill Elementary School with the hope that it would give the children a new perspective on people who do not have homes to live in. The lesson started with us reading the story, The Cardboard Shack Under The Bridge, by Tim Huff, and asking the students many meaningful questions on their interpretations of the pictures and what it means to be homeless. They then rotated around four centres where they got to engage in activities that helped them develop empathy for people who are homeless. Rationale: A classroom that is built around democratic principles will look very different than the average classroom. Often teachers will take on more of the role of dictator than democratic leader which leads...
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...Care to be Compassionate Angela Johnson NR 101 Spring 2015 Care to be Compassionate There are essentially six core characteristics that make an exceptional nurse: care, compassion, competence, communication, courage, and commitment. These characteristics correlate with one another and are the fundamentals in which every aspiring nurse should have. One must care enough to be compassionate, committed to communicate effectively, and with competence builds confidence and courage. All of these allows a nurse to demonstrate kindness and provide support for a patient which gives them more comfort. The most important characteristic a nurse can show is their compassion towards others in need. “Compassion means to suffer with. Compassion goes beyond empathy in that it translates an emotional connection with others’ circumstances into a desire to help” (Cummings, J., & McPhail, S., 2014, “Compassion in practice,” para. 2). When you break down the word to ‘co’ and ‘passion’ it means together and having strong emotions. To have compassion means not to sympathize but to empathize what the other person may be experiencing. Having the patience and desire to be able to understand a patient can help further assist and satisfy their needs. If a person is experiencing any kind of trauma, then a nurse must be able to assist both the emotional and physical needs and support he/she needs to return to optimal health. It’s essential to know and understand the expectations a nurse must...
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...Legal, Safety, and Regulatory Requirements in the Workplace Deborah L. Schindler HCS/341 August 22, 2013 Teresa Sumlin, BSW, MBA/HRM Legal, Safety, and Regulatory Requirements in the Workplace The statement, “ Common sense and compassion in the workplace has been replaced by litigation” has been offered for comment along with the question of whether or not we agree with this statement and why. For the most part, I agree. Corporate America has been forced to withdraw much of the compassion it once exhibited to employees. The threat of litigation by disgruntled or injured workers has caused employers to examine the guidelines and procedures within their organizations. Administrators must strive more than ever before to follow Local, state, and federal laws that have been put into place to protect employees and businesses. Protection Acts When exploring the many laws and regulations set forth by government it appears the original intentions were to demonstrate compassion for individuals by protecting employees from unfair practices in the workplace. According to U.S. Department of Labor - A Summary of Major DOL Laws (n.d.), The Department of Labor (DOL) administers and enforces more than 180 federal laws. The Fair Labor Standards Act requires employers to pay a minimum wage for regular and overtime work. OSHA administers the Occupational Safety and Health Act to ensure the workplace is free from hazards. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) protects individuals...
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