...Complexities in Leadership At your hospital, the Committee on Medical Ethics is a medical staff committee. It answers to the Medical Executive Committee and the medical staff president, and its members are jointly appointed by the president of the Medical Staff and committee chair. Although it is a Medical Staff Committee, its membership is multidisciplinary, including physicians, nurses, social workers, lawyers, and members of the lay public (for community representation). Most members of the committee have received training in clinical ethics consultation, and were chosen because of their interest in resolution of ethical issues and their interpersonal qualities with patients and staff. The hospital administration has engaged a consulting firm to “modernize” its structure. The consultants have advised converting the “old” social worker approach to the contemporary position of case manager. The consultants note that three social workers sit on the Ethics Committee. The social worker members of the Ethics Committee were advised that they will no longer serve on said committee, and that their place will be taken by the manager of case management, who has no experience in ethics consultation, nor does she know anything about the history of Ethics Committee activities at your hospital. The chair of the Ethics Committee is informed that three of his committee members are “out.” The chair is livid, and there is also an immediate reaction from all the rest of the committee members...
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...Examining the Change Process in a Vocational College in Chicago Though organizations most often do not adopt formal change models in their organizational cultures, change models manifest themselves in modified versions consistent with those that have already been researched. A vocational college in downtown Chicago, Illinois has a change model process which resembles the complexity model. The complexity model of organizational fits closely with the culture of the vocational college. The outcomes resulting from this change model vary. Inhibitors to the change process have stifled change progression in this organization. Change agents in the organization are not readily identifiable making it tough to determining who leads change in the vocational college. This composition will examine the aforementioned aspects of the change process as it relates to the vocational college in detail. Conclusions drawn from this analysis will be based on how it compares to using other change models found in research. A more stable and formal change model might be more effective in this vocational college. If the organization sticks to its current change model, success can be realized if all essential steps are complete. Background on the Change Process The vocational college has recently faced mandatory new construction in the English as a Second Language department of the college. The new construction has forced the college to become denser concerning classroom space. This has caused the other...
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...Capitalizing on Complexity Insights from the Global Chief Executive Officer Study This study is based on face-to-face conversations with more than 1,500 chief executive officers worldwide. Samuel J. Palmisano Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer IBM Corporation Letter from the Chairman 3 A note to fellow CEOs In the first chapter of this report on dealing with complexity, the CEO of an industrial products company calls the economic environment of 2009 “a wake-up call.” I agree. I’d only add that it was just the latest in a series of alerts that sounded during the first decade of this new century. In a very short time, we’ve become aware of global climate change; of the geopolitical issues surrounding energy and water supplies; of the vulnerabilities of supply chains for food, medicine and even talent; and of sobering threats to global security. The common denominator? The realities — and challenges — of global integration. We occupy a world that is connected on multiple dimensions, and at a deep level — a global system of systems. That means, among other things, that it is subject to systems-level failures, which require systems-level thinking about the effectiveness of its physical and digital infrastructures. It is this unprecedented level of interconnection and interdependency that underpins the most important findings contained in this report. Inside this revealing view into the agendas of global business and public sector leaders, three widely...
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...A Political Perspective on Leadership Emergence, Stability, and Change in Organizational Networks Author(s): John Bryson and George Kelley Source: The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 3, No. 4 (Oct., 1978), pp. 713-723 Published by: Academy of Management Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/257927 Accessed: 04-07-2015 06:28 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Academy of Management is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Academy of Management Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 204.107.115.37 on Sat, 04 Jul 2015 06:28:43 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions A Political Perspective on Leadership Emergence, Stability, and in Organizational Networks Change JOHN BRYSON University of Minnesota GEORGEKELLEY University of Wisconsin A political approach to leadership in organizational networks is presented. From a review primarilyof the political science and public administrationliteratures, a theoretical...
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...Complexity Analysis Introduction This integrated essay focuses on explaining and discussing how small changes in a given system can result to large and radical transformational changes in an organization within the framework of complexity theory. The paper offers a description of the complexity theory, an analysis, explanation and discussion, the conclusions, extending the discussion, and the references. Description of Theories/ Core Concepts The complexity theory is a framework that focuses on analyzing the nonlinear dynamics of systems. It is a loose assortment of concepts and analytic tools that seek to analyze complex and dynamic systems (Litaker, Tomolo, Libaratore, Stange & Aron, 2006). The complexity theory suggests that simple deterministic actions can cause highly complex and unpredictable behaviors, as well as, exhibit order and patterns. The theory seeks to explain how systems learn and spontaneously organize themselves into structured and sophisticated forms that respond better to their environments. Although the complexity theory was created in the biological and physical sciences, numerous scholars have noted that economic and social systems also exhibit nonlinear relationships and complex interactions. Economists and social scientists have noted the significance of complexity theory by observing the level of interrelationships among components of the social system (Koen, 2005). For instance, in the business setting, economists have noted that business success...
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...challenges stemming from the complexity of the merge that involves different leadership styles, systems, policies, ingrained cultures and employees’ beliefs, and it bears financial constraints. Diversity and complexity impact upon two main dimensions: (a) behavioral (motivation, retention, employee relations, cultural integration) and (b) organizational (design of new systems, management practices, processes and in general O.D. issues). Both dimensions ultimately influence the organizations’ efficiency and in turn a professional delivery of health services to the community. 2. 2. Environment analysis: The two hospitals face external pressures from: (a) the shareholders to reduce costs; (b) the community to deliver high quality health services; (c) the labor market with shortage of qualified staff; also (d) political pressures demanding a restructuring; and (e) from citywide union agreements that can influence HR decisions. These external factors must be duly accounted as they impact upon behavioral and organizational dimensions and by reflection can affect the success of the consolidation. 3. 3. Problem identification: Leadership in handling the change. Internal and external complexities and challenges suggest that effective leadership, especially handling human aspects of the change, would be key for a successful consolidation process. In both hospitals employees face low motivation, uncertainty on the future, differences in leadership styles, ethical approaches...
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...did”. Not all personalities are able to work and thrive in an atmosphere of conformity. The next important question to ask would be the status of morale. If the health care team members are unhappy and frustrated due to stringent policies, procedures and other limitations the patient outcome will be reflective of this. Edgeware Tales, Unleashing People Potential, When Trouble Makers Become Superstars (1998), “there seemed no opportunities to be creative, no reason to be innovative”. “Something was missing in Janet, something essential had become dormant - her passion”. Within a system of complexity leadership, there is the theory of distributed leadership. Crowell (2009), “a process that includes accountability and contributions from nurses at all levels, share governance. By allowing the nursing staff to have autonomy the system would foster emergence. The type of leadership of an organization sets the tone for the entire system. Knowing what is important to the governing body will greatly impact on the culture of the institution....
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...A Stakeholder Model of Organizational Leadership Author(s): Marguerite Schneider Source: Organization Science, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Mar. - Apr., 2002), pp. 209-220 Published by: INFORMS Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3085994 Accessed: 30/07/2010 02:12 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=informs. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. INFORMS is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Organization Science. http://www.jstor.org A ...
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...CORPORATE LEADERSHIP COUNCIL® DECEMBER 2005 www.corporateleadershipcouncil.com LITERATURE KEY FINDINGS Developing Asian Leaders Finding 1: Many Western companies believe they will gain competitive advantage by developing senior Asian leaders due to decreased staffing costs and better navigation of local culture compared to that of expatriates. That said, significant challenges exist for developing local talent, such as a lack of formal extensive education, Western management skills, and language skills. Advantages of Developing Asian Leaders Asian Trend: Sourcing Locally A Hudson Recruitment survey of 500 multinational companies indicates that 87% of companies do not plan to bring in new expatriate employees in the near future. This strategy is expected to avoid the increasing salary costs and lack of local market knowledge common 2 among expatriate new hires. Trend: Developing talent locally—According to a Deloitte Touche Tomatsu study (n=680), local employees will significantly outweigh expatriate talent in senior management positions in China in the coming years. Leaders at multinational firms expect expatriates to only hold 26% of senior positions that they currently hold. Therefore, to compete with other companies in the future, companies should invest now 1 in developing their local leaders. 2 Expatriates are expensive—The primary driver behind localization of the senior leadership in China is cost savings. Costs of expatriates include...
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...Toward a Conceptual Model of Global Leadership Jose Mathews* In the globalized world, global organizations have to contend with global leaders, and no easy parallel can be found between domestic and global leaderships. Researchers have approached the construct of global leadership from different perspectives of cognitive complexity, competency, behavioral, human capital, personality process and global mindset. In relation to these perspectives and the contextual elements of global business environment, a model of global leadership is derived. The key content variables of global leadership are explained in the realms of cognitive complexity, emotional resilience, cultural intelligence, motivational processes and related facets which interact with the global business environment. Introduction In organizational behavior, leadership appears to be the most researched, debated and discussed topic, and researchers have analyzed what leaders are like, what they do, how they are effective, what are the conditions/situations that make them effective, how do they bring about changes among the followers, the styles of their interactions with the followers and how they go about achieving their individual, group and organizational goals (George, 2000). The traditional focus of leadership is the organization that operates within a limited boundary. However, the changed context of globalization and the emergence of multinational and transnational corporations necessitate...
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...brighten, the fact remains that many organisations can no longer operate as they had been. A key feature of this changing landscape is the need for organisations to restructure. Here are seven broad restructuring principles to help make any restructure a successful one. 1. Align structure to strategy All restructures must align to strategy. This may seem self-evident, yet a significant number of organisations fail to do so. For example, if local conditions are a predominant factor, then stress local sales and marketing functions rather than a centralised behemoth that then tries to matrix with local elements. 2. Reduce complexity Simply put, complexity costs. Whether it is a complex organisational structure, a complex product offering or complex transactional processes, the added cost of complexity can be a drag on performance. To mitigate complexity, there are three considerations that help with...
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...most effective recruiting executives are up to 28% more effective than others. A wide range of performance exists across recruiting executives, and the vast majority still have a lot of opportunity to improve. A WIDE RANGE OF PERFORMANCE EXISTS AMONG RECRUITING EXECUTIVES Impact of Recruiting Executive Performance on Organization’s Recruiting Effectiveness1 Executives with Lowest Versus Highest Levels of Effectiveness in Key Recruiting Behaviors ∆ = 28% ■ ■ 8685 84848383 82828180 7979 79 78 787878 7776 78 767675 757575 757574 7474 7373 74 72727271717171717070 Low-Scoring High-Scoring 2011 2012 696866 6665 6461 Executives Executives 5958 92 53 Range of Recruiting Executive Performance Average Effectiveness Score Across 15 Leadership Behaviors Rated by Recruiters 52 92% Average Score 74% 52% Recruiting Executives © 2013 The Corporate Executive Board Company. All Rights Reserved. RR4956913SYN 1 Recruiting effectiveness is an organization’s ability to...
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...Literature Review on Leadership Commissioned by the Performance and Innovation Unit of the Cabinet Office Dr Keith Grint Templeton College University of Oxford Introduction 1. Over 25 years ago Stogdill’s Handbook of Leadership [1] exposed a problem for understanding leadership that has, if anything, grown worse over the years: there are almost as many definitions of leadership as there are people attempting to define it. Over ten years ago Yukl’s [2] wide ranging review of the literature on leadership effectiveness came to an equally perplexing conclusion: ‘most of the theories are beset with conceptual weaknesses and lack strong empirical support. Several thousand empirical studies have been conducted but most of the results are contradictory and inconclusive.’ [3] Against this background of confusion and uncertainty within the literature on leadership, the following review establishes the two most common and traditional approaches (trait and contingency theories) before engaging in the more contemporary debates that support the general perspectives taken in the main report. Traditional Models of Leadership 2. Trait approaches to leadership have been popular since Hippocrates’s construction of personality types derived from ‘body humour’, but contemporary forms are rooted in psychological assessments of personality and a consequent taxonomy of consistent behaviour: leaders behave in certain ways because of their traits. These traits, or ‘unseen...
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...profession has been growing at a very fast rate with estimated membership of over 3 million. They will play a vital role in helping to realize the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) legislation (IOM Report, 2010). For nurses to play their part in the transformation of the healthcare industry there were certain recommendations made by the committee appointed by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2008. These changes have to occur in nursing education, nursing leadership role and nursing practice. Impact on Nursing Education The nursing profession has different entry level educational tracks to becoming a registered nurse (RN). The associate degree in nursing (ADN), the diploma in nursing, the bachelor’s of science in nursing (BSN), and the accelerated, second- degree bachelor’s program for those with baccalaureate degrees in another field. With the increase in the number and diversity of the aging population in United States, increase in the complexity of patient needs and care environment, there is the need to change the educational system for nurses to ensure that it covers acute care and extend to community care with prevention in mind. To address the committee’s recommendations nurses can advance their level of education through a variety of programs such as RN to BSN route, the direct four year BSN program and other programs that lead to advanced nursing degrees. This report has had a significant impact on how nurses are trained, hired...
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...a particular policy or rule that is important to him. Norm-based motivation can be said to be when the public servant is loyal to his duties while effective motivation is the pursuit of a noble course, that is, by heart. In the case of Bernadine Healy, public service culture presents itself inform of rational motivation. It is evidently seen that Healy follows what is of interest to her rather than what her heart tells her. Moreover, as the directors say, “red cross is about what your heart feels not what you think is right” (Sontag, 2001). Wise argues that public service motivation is felt more in the government as compared to the private sector. This is true because in many private sector institutions, there is a kind of dictatorial leadership leaving no room for suggestion. In a government institution, the civil servants are free to make any suggestions and perform their work as they please Discuss if Healy’s motivation for accepting the Red Cross presidency is in line with public service motives? Public service culture is an important tool in an institution because they are used in motivation of employees therefore they motivate. Healy’s motivation for accepting the Red Cross presidency was in line with the public service motives since she...
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