...| Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design | | 1. Discuss how you could apply negotiation strategies to address potential conflicts in the workplace. The first step to any business transaction at Winston is gaining the client’s account, whether through a proposal or direct client contact. For Winston, negotiation will be important in not only gaining the initial contract, but during the renewal periods as well. During this phase intergroup conflict may arise as the client may make demands that are unreasonable for the price they are offering to pay. In this instance the best strategy for Winston to employ is integrative negotiations. According to Hellriegel and Slocum, integrative negotiations are used to “achieve results that benefit both parties” (2011, p.397). By explaining to clients why certain tasks require a certain investments, and how the outcome will benefit the client whether in an increase in brand awareness or financial gains, Winston can find a way to negotiate fair compensation for their work. According to Hellriegel and Slocum in order for integrative negotiations to be successful, Winston should follow these principles: * Separate the people from the problem- Winston’s staff must not allow their personal issues with client representatives to interfere with the negotiation process instead focus on the issue at hand. * Focus on interests, not positions – Understand the needs and interests of the clients instead of being...
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...Assignment 5: Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design BUS 520 – Leadership and Organizational Behavior A potential conflict that could arise for Strayer University is the need to improve the graduation rate. From a report in 2011, Strayer University had an average graduation rate of fourteen percent. There are a few factors that cause the graduation rate to be low. Strayer University is in the category of a for-profit institution. For-profit institutions usually do not offer electives to students. "For-profits offer highly structured programs, with no electives. You're on a clear path." (Clark, 2011) For-profit institutions have a higher tuition than other schools. Many of the students borrow in the form of federal loans or receive federal grants to attend these schools, thus created a large amount of debt for students. This does, however, increase the profits of the school. For-profit schools do not make money the way other schools make money off of state grants and scholarships. Some of the students that attend for-profit institutions are not prepared for the type of courses that are offered there. Some of the students are not disciplined enough to sign onto the school’s website for the course material and follow the lesson plan, if the student is enrolled in an online course. There are also students that are attending nontraditional schools because they are the first in their family to attend school. Many of these students tend to drop out of school...
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...Running Head: Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design Strayer University BUS 520 1. Discuss how you could apply negotiation strategies to address potential conflicts in the workplace. The primary focus at Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is patient/Veteran care and establishing new Veteran enrollees. This is done by direct marketing among other forms of outreach. For VA, negotiation will be important in not only establishing a new enrollee, but keeping that enrollee as well. According to Hellriegel and Slocum, integrative negotiations are used to “achieve results that benefit both parties” (2011, p.397). By consistently explaining and showing Veterans the benefits, they gain by maintaining their health care through VA, and how the outcome will benefit them, VA will continue to receive the federal funding to continue sustained operations for the coming years. According to Hellriegel and Slocum in order for integrative negotiations to be successful, VA should follow these principles: * Separate the people from the problem- VA’s staff must not allow their personal issues with Veterans to interfere with the negotiation process instead focus on the issue at hand. * Focus on interests, not positions – Understand the needs and interests of the clients instead of being concerned about title. * Invent options for mutual gains- This is where creative decision making comes into play. By presenting the client...
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...Making Decisions with the Japanese Ringi Technique Abstract Commitment to and support for decisions made in American companies are often nonexistent. This is due to the high amount of conflict which prohibits consensus decision making. In contrast Japanese companies have developed a system known as ringiseido which allows consensus to be reached while avoiding conflict. This paper explains the differences in the cultures of America and Japan and how these differences have affected the way decisions are made. Making Decisions with the Japanese Ringi Technique Imagine living in a culture where your peers are considered part of your group and you strive to benefit the group as a whole and conflict is avoided as it would disrupt the harmony of your group. For many Americans this may sound impossible. For instance, how would anything be accomplished, how would decisions be made, and most of all how would this benefit us individually? There are several cultures that do strive to avoid conflict. In this paper I will discuss Japan’s treatment of conflict and decision making through its use of a technique known as ringiseido. As many of us know, Americans are not afraid of conflict, some of us may be uncomfortable with it but in general we feel that it is unavoidable. In fact, “conflict is seen as inevitable, and the ideal way to view conflict is as an opportunity to promote communication, stimulate ideas, increase understanding, and to bring about positive and creative...
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...Managerial Decision Making Chapter Three Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Learning Objectives LO1 Describe the kinds of decisions you will face as a manager. LO2 Summarize the steps in making “rational” decisions. LO3 Recognize the pitfalls you should avoid when making decisions. LO4 Evaluate the pros and cons of using a group to make decisions. 3-2 Learning Objectives (cont.) LO5 Identify procedures to use in leading a decision-making group LO6 Explain how to encourage creative decisions LO7 Discuss the process by which decisions are made in organizations LO8 Describe how to make decisions in a crisis 3-3 Characteristics of Managerial Decisions Figure 3.1 3-4 Lack of Structure Programmed decisions Decisions encountered and made before, having objectively correct answers, and solvable by using simple rules, policies, or numerical computations. Nonprogrammed decisions New, novel, complex decisions having no proven answers. 3-5 Comparison of Types of Decisions Table 3.1 3-6 Uncertainty and Risk Certainty The state that exists when decision makers have accurate and comprehensive information. Uncertainty The state that exists when decision makers have insufficient information. 3-7 Uncertainty and Risk Risk The state that exists when the probability of success is less than 100...
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...Functional Vs. Dysfunctional Conflict in a Work Group There are several factors that are important in creating an effective and efficient work team. Some, such as diversity, knowledge, and skill are obvious. However, the most important factor in building a strong team is conflict. Most individuals have a negative view of conflict. While there are negative aspects of conflict, it can also draw team members together and create an atmosphere conducive to a creative and thorough problem solving environment. In today’s business world it is extraordinarily important for individuals to work within teams well. Each team member must be able to consider differing opinions and adapt their ideas to make the decisions that benefit the whole team. There are two main types of conflict to consider when working in teams: functional conflict and dysfunctional conflict. Functional conflict allows for creative ideas and strong team performance. As stated before, many people have a negative view of conflict but it is the very diversity of opinions and ideas within a group that is the most important factor in good decision making. It is these differing opinions that will create alternative solutions, which best utilizes scarce resources. Multiple ideas allow for healthy debate and problem solving. Debate allows everyone with a differing view to state their case and describe why their solution is better, and allows the team to make decisions with more potential solutions. An increased number of...
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...Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design Dr. Cooper Bus 520 Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design Introduction In the era of globalization where businesses have expanded across the globe, competition has increased and has formed a new dynamism in the industry and the market itself. Every company works extra ordinarily to compete with its rivals and sustain its position in the industry. Well planned strategies are developed to give businesses a focused path to follow in order to achieve the aims and objectives of the firm. Labor is the most valuable asset in the whole process. Thus, keeping workers happy and satisfied is a challenge and the most significant task for the leaders of any firm. There are times when employees and employers have conflicts and disagreements over many issues. The following essay is the evaluation of such a case. It will discuss about the conflict, decision making and organizational design of McDonalds. Discussions Before we begin with the conflicts the company faces, and what are the conflict management strategies etc, let’s first discuss the company itself and its human resource. McDonalds Company History The McDonald's Corporation is American global operators who are the presenters of fast food restaurants. It is the top-selling fast food chain in the world. The first McDonald's restaurant was started on 15th May 1940 by the brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald ("Dick & Mac") in San Bernardino...
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...Conflict, Decision Making and Organizational Design BUS 520 Dr. Johnson March 8, 2012 Conflict, Decision Making and Organizational Design Negotiation Strategies Having conflict (disagreement or fight) at your job is common because of the diverse combination of people with different personalities. Conflicts can take place when one employee feels as if another employee is not sharing their load of responsibility or the conflict may be against management when employees think they are not appreciated or that their input is not being taken into consideration. There are many types of conflicts that may occur. Corrine Bendresky (2003) notes that the workplace is more diverse with more woman and different minorities, different nationalities, and a mixed of assorted backgrounds and experiences which means new types of conflicts are being experienced that might not have occurred fifty years ago. Research has shown that continued conflict in the workplace that is not addressed, can become problematic to the productivity of the employees and affects the morale of the place. Most organizations have a formal conflict resolution system already in place. According to Kirk Blackard (2001), the procedures for the polices normally consist of going through a chain of command or using an open-door policy In the past there has been several ways that human resources have handled conflicts between employees. Such as conflicts in schools between students, one plausible situation was...
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...Study Table of Contents Introduction to the Problem 3 Analysis of the Situation 3 Intergroup Conflict and Conflict Management 3 Decision Making and Problem Solving 5 Leadership 6 Group Motivation 7 Communication and Listening Skills 8 Recommendations 9 References 10 Introduction to the Problem mGAMES began its operation, as a wholly owned affiliate of BHM, a video game development company, in 1995. In 2001, when changes in top management occurred, the company faced tremendous challenges. Intragroup conflict and conflict management issues, poor decision and problem-solving skills, and the lack of leadership were problems that were having a tremendous impact on the organization`s ability to operate at a profit. These issues arose due to a decline in group motivation, and the choice of team members to engage in communication and listening habits that were counterproductive to group success. These destructive behavioral patterns, typically, gave rise to hidden agendas that resulted in a loss of revenue, rising development costs, and unplanned costs for an organization. Hidden agendas inhibit creativity, the ability to make sound business decisions and solve problems quickly, and hinder overall group cohesion. Only through good leadership can a company prevent or turn such situations around. Good Leaders motivate team members, manage group processes and make decisions that improve the culture of the organization (Engleberg and Wynn, 2013, p. 114 -115). They also can...
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...Chapter 03 Managerial Decision Making True / False Questions 1. (p. 88) Managers often ignore problems. TRUE AACSB: Other management-specific knowledge/abilities Blooms taxonomy: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1 2. (p. 89) Managers typically face ill-structured problems, leaving the decision maker uncertain about how to proceed. TRUE AACSB: Other management-specific knowledge/abilities Blooms taxonomy: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1 3. (p. 89) Bill Simmons is the manager of a small restaurant and must decide how much money he owes his suppliers. This is an example of a non-programmed decision. FALSE AACSB: Other management-specific knowledge/abilities Blooms taxonomy: Application Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1 4. (p. 89, Table 3.1) Programmed decisions are useful when there is no predetermined structure on which to rely. FALSE AACSB: Other management-specific knowledge/abilities Blooms taxonomy: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 1 5. (p. 90) Risk is not a fact of life in management decisions. FALSE AACSB: Other management-specific knowledge/abilities Blooms taxonomy: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1 6. (p. 90) According to research, managers prefer uncertainty to certainty because it makes the job more challenging and interesting. FALSE AACSB: Group/individual dynamics Blooms taxonomy:...
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...Journal of Business Ethics (2007) 73:219–229 DOI 10.1007/s10551-006-9202-6 Ó Springer 2006 A Model of Ethical Decision Making: The Integration of Process and Content Roselie McDevitt Catherine Giapponi Cheryl Tromley ABSTRACT. We develop a model of ethical decision making that integrates the decision-making process and the content variables considered by individuals facing ethical dilemmas. The process described in the model is drawn from Janis and Mann’s [1977, Decision Making: A Psychological Analysis of Conflict Choice and Commitment (The Free Press, New York)] work describing the decision process in an environment of conflict, choice and commitment. The model is enhanced by the inclusion of content variables derived from the ethics literature. The resulting integrated model aids in understanding the complexity of the decision process used by individuals facing ethical dilemmas and suggests variable interactions that could be field-tested. A better understanding of the process will help managers develop policies that enhance the likelihood of ethical behavior in their organizations. KEY WORDS: decision making, ethical framework, ethics, process, stress Roselie McDevitt Sc.D. is Assistant Professor of Accounting at the Charles F. Dolan School of Business at Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut. Dr. McDevitt teaches financial and managerial accounting. Her Primary areas of research are accounting education and accounting ethics. Catherine Giapponi is an Assistant...
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...In chapter fifteen Blackburn and Brubaker (1999) discuss the conflict in the congregation. The authors explain that churches respond to disputes in destructive or constructive manners depending on how conflict healthy a group maybe (Blackburn & Brubaker, 1999). Moreover, the authors explain that for a congregation to become conflict healthy there is a need for the congregation to be continuously educated in constructive conflict resolution (Blackburn & Brubaker, 1999). Blackburn and Brubaker (1999) also explain the five levels of conflict intensity and various intervention strategies. In chapter sixteen Alastair McKay (1999) discusses decision-making processes congregation can utilize to make decisions as a body. The author also explains eight...
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...Managing conflict Name Institution Thesis Management of conflicts, power, and politics focuses majorly on the interpersonal processes the affect the decision-making by the managers. It may also entail the organizational way of change and adaptation of their immediate environment. It includes the capacity to influence the behavior of others in a relationship involving two parties like groups, organization, or even countries. Organizational politics is the process of one person exerting more influence over another in the relationship acted on daily forum of an organization. Conflict management is a common phenomenon in organizations (Rainey, 2009). Managing conflict aims at lessening the interdependent between the conflicting groups. It can involve physical separation of the conflicting parties. Physical separation buffers the creation of the inventory between the units of workflow making it less independent and reduces conflict. Generally, conflict is unending in any society where people live together. Introduction Many people and organization wish to compete peacefully with their market competitors, family members, and organizational departments. However, conflicts are inseparable from persons they form part of our daily living. Conflicts are the long live Methuselah and were present even in the beginning between the two brothers that is Cain and Abel. The term conflict has no definite meaning but scholars who are interested in studying it...
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...Decision Making and Communication Joe Ashford Sherri H. Lu, PhD MHA 601: Principles of Healthcare Administration January 10, 2011 Introduction The case study presents multiple multifaceted dilemmas for the president of Community Medical Center. One surgical nurse is suspected of having HIV/AIDS. The chief of surgery requests the removal of this nurse from the operating room or else he and many of the other surgeons will start scheduling their patients in different facilities. The result would devastate the hospital economically and result in the loss of human resources and job layoffs. When approached, the nurse refused relocation and threatened legal repercussions for the violation of several federal laws. In addition, the media expected a news release within 24 hours after the information leaked by a staff member. The result of negative media coverage would potentially damage the hospitals reputation for quality healthcare and affect the decision of many community members to use the hospital. This paper will discuss three decision-making models the president can use to communicate his or her decisions internally to employees and board members, as well as, to the external environment of the media and public using qualitative, quantitative, and triangulation methods. Decision Making and Communication In this situation, multiple decisions need to be made which are complex in nature and time sensitive. The Willful Choice decision-making model articulates...
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...Trade Unionism Have Affected Employee Relations 6 1.3 Role of Main Players in Employee Relations 8 2.0 Understanding the Nature of industrial Conflict and Its Resolution 10 2.1 The Procedures an Organization should follow in dealing with Conflicts 10 2.2 The key features of employee Relation in a Selected Conflict Situation: 12 2.3 Effectiveness of procedures used in a selected conflict situation 14 LO3 Understanding collective bargaining and negotiation processes 15 3.1 The role of negotiation in collective bargaining 15 3.2 The impact of negotiation strategy for a given situation 17 Win-Win Strategy 17 Win-Lose Strategy 17 LO 4 : Understanding the concept of employee participation and involvement 20 4.1 The influence of the EU on industrial democracy in the UK 20 4.2 Comparing of the methods used to gain employee participation and involvement in the decision making process 23 4.3 The impact of human resource management on employee relations 24 Conclusion 26 References & Bibliography 27 Introduction The Purpose of this assignment to acquire knowledge and development of skills about employee Relations (Relations between an employer and a collective workforce, typically through a recognized union), its nature, historical background, types, and European Union roles in its development. It also encompasses the industrial conflicts such as strike, lock out etc. and the procedure for solving those dispute to ensure smooth business operation. Further purpose of this assignment...
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