...Conformity vs Individuality: The Divide in·di·vid·u·al·i·ty: the quality or character of a particular person or thing that distinguishes them from others of the same kind, especially when strongly marked. Individuality is something that sets us aside from the rest. It is a way to be yourself and show off the real you whether its with art, style, or whatever you choose. It is a way to be you, but nowadays people do not know whether they can be themselves without being criticized or even ridiculed. This makes it seem like the only way to not be judged is to conform and just be like everyone else. However, if everyone was the same everything would boring...where would we be? That is why I firmly believe that nonconformists are needed in our...
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...CHAPTER 1 Sociology - scientific study of social structure Social Structure - all humans live in structural societies general value specific norms > rules specific roles > status 3 Questions 1) who created? how were they created? (norms) 2) normative behaviors > who rewards & how 3) who punishes normative behaviors & how live our lives in a package of norms -- comes together as roles diffusion - the process by which things spread informal social norms > EDL (every day life) formal social norms > MSL (major social institutions) >>> Islam ordinance - law/rule passed by small government body (town or city) - Patterns of behaviors individuals share with others in their group or society - Predictability & reassurance of social behavior ex) students in a classroom may act different - different methods of studying, taking notes, acting. However the general structure is the same….Professors lecture, students listen. exams are given, students take them **It is the recurrent patterned interaction of people and social structures created by such interactions that grabs the attention of sociologists Group Behavior VS Individual Behavior -People's behavior within a group setting can not be predicted from the characteristics of individual group members. - Group members generally tend to act like each other even when their personal preferences are not the same as the rest of their group. Conformity - we live in groups ranging from size >...
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...describes actions or behaviors that violate social norms, including formally-enacted rules (e.g., crime),[1] as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores). It is the purview of sociologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and criminologists to study how these norms are created, how they change over time and how they are enforced. Norms are rules and expectations by which members of society are conventionally guided. Deviance is an absence of conformity to these norms. Social norms differ from culture to culture. For example, a deviant act can be committed in one society that breaks a social norm there, but may be normal for another society. Viewing deviance as a violation of social norms, sociologists have characterized it as "any thought, feeling, or action that members of a social group judge to be a violation of their values or rules "or group" conduct, that violates definitions of appropriate and inappropriate conduct shared by the members of a social system. The departure of certain types of behavior from the norms of a particular society at a particular time and "violation of certain types of group norms where behavior is in a disapproved direction and of sufficient degree to exceed the tolerance limit of the community. Deviance can be relative to time and place because what is considered deviant in one social context may be non-deviant in another (e.g., fighting during a hockey game vs. fighting in a nursing home). Killing another...
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...theory. Merton’s theory is built on the idea of anomie that Emile Durkheim introduced. Anomie is described as a social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting or absent. In the case of the Quebec student riots, they are absent due to the students ongoing efforts to prevent the rise in tuition. Merton’s main concern is that societies do not provide the correct means or avenues to achieve cultural goals. For some of the protestors, raising the price of tuition would mean that it would be more difficult for them to get an education and that would influence whether or not they can reach these cultural goals and become contributing members to society. The strain theory says that there are usually two conflicting parties which plays in why the deviance occurs and a conflict arises. The two conflicting parties are clear to see as there are some people that agree with the proposal in Quebec and some that do not. 2. Howard Becker’s labelling theory attempts to explain why certain people are seen as deviants and delinquents while others who behave similar are not seen this way. The theory suggests that people who are seen as deviants have usually been labelled by others. In the TED Talk video, Damon Horowitz speaks of his experience when labelling someone as a deviant or delinquent. 3. The video of the man speaking about the different types of crimes (blue collar vs. white collar) and criminals can be related to the conflict perspective. In the video, he discusses how blue...
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...attend school and adults work; these are examples of conformity for obvious reasons; society is based on rules that keep our society functioning, if there were no rules then our entire structure would break down. The question of this thesis is to investigate why individuals give in to less important reasons to conform. Why do a group of teenagers prefer to wear one brand of clothing over another, why do teenagers judge others for their choice of clothes, electronics, and hairstyles? Why do adults feel the need to live in certain areas over others, why do they find fulfillment in the type of car they drive? For decades, advertisers have portrayed a happy and successful lifestyle by using images of consumption. We are told that to measure our success in life we must use status symbols of designer clothes, cars, jewelry and our choice of neighborhoods and homes. Americans have been seduced into the belief that without designer labels and expensive electronics, our lives are not complete and that we are not truly fulfilled. Through advertising, consumers are persuaded to base purchases not on need or want but as a way to show others that they are happy, healthy, and successful and to show their prestige. People want others to acknowledge their prestige (Henslin 2010) and conformity is the tendency of an individual to change their thinking and behavior to the social norms to garner respect. The most apparent effect of conformity is shown in fashion and style. I wonder about whether...
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...MGMT 522 Apple 1984 Super Bowl Commercial 1. Apples 1984 commercial was one of the best of its time. Addressing social issue of conformity and government control that were big in the 1980’s with the USSR expanding. The principles of 1984 were close to people’s minds. It had an unheard of budget of $900,000. It was a time before Microsoft dominance were IBM was the big competitor in the computing game. Apple in that era pushed innovation through there graphic design interface. Where IBM pushed boring boxes for computers. The 1984 was highly successful with over 3.5 million dollars of Macintoshes were sold after the ad ran; Although Apple 1984 is a great commercial and used and innovative approach that was not seen before in marketing it is not the greatest. It was only aired twice. Other commercials like Where Is the Beef? Or Plop Plop Fizz Fizz or Coke Big Joe Green have much more play time and a better overall return on investment, having spinoffs. Apples commercial has not aged well because they don’t sell Macintosh anymore and their symbol has completely changed. Where where’s the Beef? Is still relevant. Having a much lower cost of production and played over and over again. Apple movie was like a master piece that did well at the box office not amazing. It is like Shawshank redemption a critically acclaimed movie. Maybe the best of all time but not the most profitable for the movie studios. Great cinematically and innovative using new marketing techniques but did...
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...Sociology - Study Guide Test #2 Key Terms: Socialization Effects of isolation on children - Genie Agents of socialization Peer group/family/education/media/religion/work Nature vs Nurture Gender socialization Harlow experiment (findings) Looking glass self Self-identity Anticipatory socialization Resocialization (voluntary/involuntary) Total Institutions Social Interaction Social Structure Status set Roles/Groups Achieved vs Ascribed Status Master Status Role strain vs Role conflict Role exit Social Control (informal/formal) Deviance vs. crime Strain theory Labelling theory Differential Association theory Control theory (elements of social bonds) Conflict theory/differential justice Stigma Social stratification/systems social mobility/types Income vs Wealth Prestige/status inconsistency Absolute vs relative poverty Poverty in Canada/detail Theoretical views of poverty consequences of poverty Review questions 1. ________The lifelong process of social interaction through which individuals acquire a self-identity and learn their culture. 2. ________The persons, groups or institutions that teach us what we need to know in order to participate in society. 3. ________ The process of learning a new and different set of attitudes and behaviours from those in one’s previous background. 4. _______ A place where people are isolated from the rest...
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...The effect of prior positive interaction with the group on conformity and distinctiveness in consumer decision making.” ! Name: Lavinia Rusu Student ID: 4485335 ! ! Table of Contents ! 1. Abstract .....................................................................................2 2. Introduction ................................................................................3 3. Summary of Article ........................................................................3 a. Conformity. Distinctiveness. Interaction within a group .................3 b. Experiment .........................................................................4 c. Structure ............................................................................5 4. Analysis. Conformity vs. Distinctiveness.............................................5 5. Global Business Consumer Behaviour .................................................8 6. Conclusions .................................................................................9 7. References.................................................................................10 8. Bibliography ..............................................................................11 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !1 ! 1. Abstract The following report has the aim of critically analysing the “If I want you to like me, should I be like you or unlike you? The effect of prior positive interaction with the group on conformity and distinctiveness in consumer decision making” consumer...
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...Social Theories of Crime Linda Robuck AIU Online Abstract This text seeks to make more understandable and explain what social theories are all about, using four different social theories. The beginning of this text will offer a general description or definition of not only what exactly social theories are, but also a description or definition for each of the four theories mentioned earlier. For each of the theories, information that will be included involves a description of each theory, a short history of each theory which will include information with respect to when the theory was proposed, who the relevant theorist or theorists associated with each theory were, strengths of each theory which explains criminal behavior, why each theory was important at the time of its proposal, weaknesses of each theory which explain criminal behavior, and particular examples that will correspond with each of the four theories being discussed. A theoretical application involving an individual who has recently been convicted of a crime will be provided. Along with information regarding the individual and their criminal deviance particular to them, a discussion will ensue in regard to which of the four theories would be most relevant in regard to further explanation of the deviant actions committed by the individual. Social Theories of Crime Introduction In the annals of the early nineteenth century, criminology can find its beginnings in a newly urbanized...
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... Keywords: deviance, sanctions, homosexuality SEXUAL DEVIANCE I have expressed an interest in the topic of sexual deviance because it has a personal application in my life at the present time. I am seeking some additional information into the subject and wonder why it is so objectionable to just about all societies. The mass media is a sounding board for the mass audience and is the premier agent that reflects back to society what it is that we accept and what it is we reject. There are a number of social norms that govern sex concerning what is acceptable and what is not acceptable. We will discuss the three different theories of sociology along with mass media and its implications. SOCIAL RELEVANCE Sexual deviance is a violation of society’s sex norms, which is displayed as inappropiate behavior due to “beliefs, actions, or conditions,” (Goode, 2011). As a result of either his actions or beliefs the person becomes labeled and regarded as an undesirable or objectionable individual. Formal (police, courts) or informal (avoidance,...
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...Conformity in The Crucible We often hear about people of Middle Eastern descent being called terrorist at the airport and no one doing anything to stop that behavior, if you do anything people hate you. In our daily lives we face many decisions that are minor but affect our future. For example, do you go with the crowd and bully someone or do you attempt to do the morally correct thing and stand up to the bullying and face social harassment of your own? The Crucible, by Arthur Miller is a play about an affair between John Proctor and Abigail Williams and most importantly the Salem witch trials. Innocent people are being accused of witches for no reason and people blindly follow along, but John Proctor dies to go against the conformity. In...
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...of his own psychological and developmental growth, his own personality, and his own path towards self-actualization. Which makes more music, a violin or the violinist? The answer is neither because without one or the other the music could not exist at all. The same concept can be applied to the nature vs. nurture controversy. Is our personality more a product of our genetically inherited traits or our environmentally learned characteristics? The answer is neither because without one the other could not exist. The question is not about how much, but simply how genetics and our environment interact to create the unique individuals that we see around us. Robinson (2004) explains it this way, "Behavior is orchestrated by an interplay between inherited and environmental influences acting on the same substrate, the genome" (p. 397). Robinson goes on to explain that DNA is both inherited and environmentally responsive, meaning that our DNA affects our environment and vice versa. In the case of Barack Obama, his mother is white and his father is black. His mother and father are both highly educated people. Obama's moral development follows a rocky path along cultural norms, geographical limitations, and issues of cultural...
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... including creative activities - Once a need is satisfied, attention is turned to the next highest level (the satisfied need is no longer an effective motivator, except self actualization) Alderfer’s ERG Theory 1. Existance Needs 2. Relatedness Needs 3. Growth Needs - The more lower level needs are gratified, the higher level need satisfaction is desired - The less higher level needs are gratified, the more lower level need satisfaction is desired McClelland’s Theory Need for Achievement - Prefer work where they can take responsibility for outcomes, set moderately difficult goals that provide for calculated risk, obtain feedback Need for Affinity - Desire to establish friendly, compatible interpersonal relationships, social networks, avoid conflict Need for Power - Desire to have strong influence over other people - Effective managers are low need for affinity, high need for power...
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...language and evades our best attempts to impose a rational order on it... To work with colour is to become acutely aware of the insufficiency of language and theory – which is both disturbing and pleasurable.”. Colour in "Pleasantville" is used to uncover the different social changes that the society of 1950s America went through and how the changes were met by the elders who were used to conformity and the set society standards that came with it. When David and Jennifer, a brother and a sister, get magically sucked through their TV in 1950s America in a black and white town called Pleasantville where everyone knows their place in society, their duties and what is expected of them and no one even thinks of what may lay outside of outside of Pleasantville.(eg. Everyone is stunned when Jennifer asks what’s on the end of Main Street and outside of Pleasantville). No one does something out of their daily routine. In other words – everything is black and white – symbolically and visually. They take the place of Bud and Mary Sue Parker, children of George and Betty Parker, who are the definition of 1950s ideal family - the father is the paterfamilias(breadwinner) and the...
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...Organizational Culture: 1) ESPOUSED VALUES (Core values and guiding principles) - Strategies, plans, philosophies, company regulation, working method, company’s goal - They require everyone to obey ENACTED VALUES Values and norms that are actually exhibited or converted into employee behavior) 2) OBSERVABLE ARTIFACTS Dress, acronyms, awards, myths, stories, ceremonies, ways of communicating 3) BASIC ASSUMPTIONS Actions inconceivable in a certain culture (unsafe behavior, refusal to learn languages,…) Outcomes associated with Culture: * Attitudes and Behaviors * Job Satisfaction * Commitment * Intentions to stay in the company * Quality of communication Four Functions of Organizational Culture: Establish who the company is and what it stands for, to drive energy around that is really important to promote social system stability and to shape behavior by helping members make sense of their surroundings. Understanding Organizational Culture: Sustainability and Values: - Sustainability is not just about conserving resources for future generations; there are many elements to sustainability which are laden in values where no amount of conservation or cleaner production will help. - Sustainability is all about social justice, human rights, community involvement, work place health and safety, ethics, racism and governance. This is because values are always the foundation of our policies and procedures,...
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