...Dawei Chen Case Summary- Confucius, Machiavelli, and Rousseau According to the Case context, we can find out many ideas about leadership. First, from the great Chinese ancient philosopher-Confucius that we can learn that a phenomenal leader needs to love people and use virtue to rule a society. The ultimate goal for a leader is to fulfill everyone’s demand. In order to achieve this goal; a leader must be a sage or at least a very wise man to set up a very extraordinary example for others to learn. However, this opinion has a very obvious flaw that people cannot be as good as he think and most people are selfish that this kind of leadership is not going to be successful. Second, From the Machiavelli, we can acquire the idea which is almost opposite from Confucius, in his eyes, people has variable characters and most people are wicked. They are selfish and the only way to rule them is to treat them like objects. To achieve this goal, most leaders need to use the power of government and use many different strategies to control his followers such as military forces and spies. The core of his theory is to make fear in people’s mind and use this fear to set up the leadership and leaders can observe other leaders to make this happen. Third, case describes the great thinker in revolution era- Rousseau. He established the basic ideas of democracy. The core idea of his “The Social Contract “is to gather the “general will” and make the general will into a contract that is the...
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...contributing a potential net worth of more than HK$80 billion dollars a year with its working capacity to serve 50.9 million passengers with 4.1 million tons of cargo per day according to the Airport authority financial report (2012, p.4), has gained a well-known reputation over the globe. The expansion of the Airport is recently proposed as a must because of the ever-increasing popularity and frequent flows of passengers. However, such a large-scale construction is never a simple calculation with simply subtracting construction costs from the projected revenues. We should take environmental and social costs into account. There is indeed another ideal solution, which costs us less in sacrificing various aspects- the cooperation with Macau government. To open up another runway or cooperate with our long-lasting partner is the critical issue that I am going to discuss respective pros and cons attached. With strong emphasis on the correlation between the expansion of the Airport and Hong Kong economic development by the supporters, it appears that constructing the third runway has no ground to object. The lecture held by Mr. Howard Eng Kiu-chor, the Executive Director of the Airport Operation further convinced Hong Kong citizens to vote for the project by putting up forecasted data. An economic man would support this project in any sense with the foreseeable figures of tremendous income. But, what if we are not economic men but merely a resident concerned? After an in-depth consideration...
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...To understand the driving factor for internationalizing Chinese higher education is imperative to describe the position of education in China which is fundamental starting point. Any society give education due attention to education be call it modern or traditional, in its own way, like wise Chinese society. From their ancient history it is evidenced that the place Chinese give to education is comparatively high. This can be found particularly from the great educator Confucius（孔子）（551B.C~479 B.C）teaching that education is regarded as an important component of social development. I think and believe, Chinese are one of the early people, societies who think social development through education, that show their position for education. With regard...
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...Individual Deliverable Assignment 1: The Moral Compass Essay The Role of Human Values in Business Leadership Qiannan Xu Jun 22, 2015 My Personal Integrity Chinese cultural development is significantly influenced by Confucius who is one of the greatest teach, editor, and politician in Chinese history. Confucianism exerts a deep impact on Chinese society. It conveys the ideal of social and political ethics to us. According to Kaplan (2015), “The rise of Asia in our time has a great deal to do with how the social stability encouraged by Confucianism has interacted with modern capitalism” (p. 2). The two most important ideologies of Confucianism are “humaneness” and “virtue,” which are considered as the foundation of moral principles. As the Master Kong says, “Kindness is the best quality of the soul.” We always bear in mind that we should be good people. My vision of the good life is that I could always live with a kind heart. One day, we could achieve something in our life. We would also go through some unexpected setbacks along the road. Whenever we get frustrated, we should cherish gratitude to our life and get back on track with optimistic attitude. Instead of focusing solely on ourselves, we could try to contribute to the society with our own efforts. Schwartz (2010) argued that “Gratifying our most immediate needs and desires provides bursts of pleasure, but they’re usually short-lived” (p. 2). Such satisfaction is irreplaceable and valuable. As the Master...
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...A Sino-U.S. Comparison of Work-Family Conflict and Its Implications to American Managers A SINO-U.S. COMPARISON OF WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT 2 Abstract In this qualitative study, work-family conflict in China and the United States is compared and contrasted based on national culture, traditions, norms, and living standards. The analysis results in a proposition that Chinese employees will experience less work-family conflict when faced with the same work and family demand as their American counterparts, because of differences in their work and family priority, perception of work-family relationship, national culture, conflict handling style, social support, work-family communication, and economic pressure. The implications to American managers are discussed. A SINO-U.S. COMPARISON OF WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT 3 A Sino-U.S. Comparison of Work-Family Conflict and Its Implications to American Managers Work-family conflict has been a concern of many researchers (Carlson & Kacmar, 2000; Greenhaus & Beutell, 1985). Studies showed that work-family conflict had negative impact on employees, their families, and organizations (Beutell & Witting-Berman, 1999; Burke, 1988; Frone & Cooper, 1992; Goff, Mount, & Jamison, 1990; Martins, Eddleston, & Veiga, 2002). Recent changes in demographic characteristics of the U.S. work force have resulted in greater work-family conflict. Examples of these demographic changes include the...
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...2012 中国政法大学 Tristan Alberto Vaca Narvaja [THE LI AND THE FA ALONG CHINESE LEGAL HISTORY] China University of Political Science and Law 中国政法大学 An Overview of Chinese Legal System Introduction The purpose of this paper is to make an analysis about how the concepts of Fa and Li interacted between each other along the Chinese legal history, starting with a brief summary of the dynastic eras, and focusing in what we could call modern legal history, what I consider starts on the late Qing Dynasty. The analysis ends with the admission of China to the WTO, because I think that is a topic that deserves a whole new article for itself, and due to time limitations cannot be developed properly. The reason why I have chosen this theme is because I firmly believe that to be able to understand nowadays legal debates and legislation is necessary to have an idea about the broad historical and ideological Chinese framework. Along the more than 5.000 years of history, China has reinvented itself several times, learning from the hits and misses, unsurprisingly legal principles and legislation has followed the same stream. This papers starts with the genesis of the Li and Fa concepts, relating it with the Confucianism and legalism philosophies. Then, the each section illustrates an important period in Chinese history, emphasizing the situation of the law. Those sections comprehends, the late Qing dynasty, the republican era, the changes during the communist era, the application...
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...Sergio Astorga INFT101_19B_201320 March 7, 2013 Summary The latest figures, related to students who are presently involved in any type of formal education, reveals that the numbers of adults in the search for education is rapidly rising. Statistics also show the reasons that drive adults to enroll in adult education as well as the advantage and or disadvantage they possess over a younger person. To develop a more adequate adult learning system, the federal and the states governments, have united efforts to come up with satisfactory methods of approaching adult educational environment, which would aid education institutions and teachers to develop styles to support adults to reach their educational goals. In an attempt to explain the reasons an adult seeks to achieve a higher cultural level, the essayist is going to summarize the perception from different scholars. Follow by the author’s personal experience in the field and seal the writing with the writer’s personal reflection on the discussed theme. The technological advances from the present digital era have engendered the need for highly trained laborers. Presently, jobs for unskilled workers are scarce, while trained labors have a considerable demand. This phenomenon triggered the individual interest on adults to seek for a better education. Besides the highly competitive rate from the contemporary operational forces, there are other peripheral compels, such as parenthood that urge the adult population to hunt for...
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...The role of top management in any institution is indispensable. The teaching organization3 stipulates the qualities of a good teacher. In summary, it insists on understanding, patience, knowledge but most importantly merit and passion. In this case, the teacher lacks the quality to handle a student with special needs. This means the student is not guaranteed the best learning experience, treatment and guidance due to lack of knowledge about his condition. He is being excluded from taking part in the full national curriculum and all that school life offers. A teaching assistant dedicated to their career and is willing to sacrifice their extra time and make time amidst their tight schedule to help this student. This experience leads to a lot of reflection by the teaching assistant who tries to get as much information as there is to improve the student's school experience and self-development. Reflection is underpinned by self-development Winter (1995), followed by Harvey and Knight (1996) points out that professional development is dependent on the development of one’s self-awareness. Though reflection took place in aid of supporting the pupil the teaching assistant developed learned new skills and strengthen ones she already had. "Tell me I will forget, show me I may remember and involve me I will understand." This is a quote from Confucius. It is the motivation behind David Kolb's' experiential learning cycle. Kolb identifies the difference between learning styles of children...
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...entered the world. This plan revolves around making His name known throughout all tribes and nations. From the Old Testament to the New Testament, the Bible presents God’s missionary purpose for humanity. For this reason, Christians involved in missions will travel to dangerous places to proclaim God’s name and saving power. According to the People Groups website, since the year 2014, there are a total of 11,168 people groups in the world and 6,544 are unreached people groups. All unreached people groups are in dire need of the Gospel and it is God’s intention to have His people reach them. One unreached people group who are in desperate need for God is the Koreans in North Korea. With a population of 25,360,100 and a communist government that regulates all aspects of freedom, including religion, for its people, explains why North Koreans are approximately one percent evangelized. North Korea is ranked as the number one country where Christians are most persecuted for their belief. God remains faithful to His intent on reaching all peoples and Koreans are not the exception. In order to bring the Gospel to them, much planning, preparation, and training must take place before taking such a dangerous journey. It is the intention of this paper to devise a strategy to bring God’s name to this unreached people group. This paper will first discuss their background, historical events, language, society, and religions. Second, this paper will include a brief review of...
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...Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) Vol 3. No.3 January 2010 pp: 91- 111 Survey of leadership styles in different cultures Gholamreza Taleghani1* , Davood Salmani2 , Ali Taatian3 1. Faculty of managemenet, Uniersity of Tehran 2. Faculty of managemenet, Uniersity of Tehran 3. Master of Arts Abstract: Leadership is in fact a process of influencing followers. Characteristics of leadership are functions of time and situation and differ in different cultures and countries. Managers of international organizations should obtain enough knowledge of these cultural characteristics and differences and should have the utmost versatility while executing their leadership tasks. In this paper we have conducted a survey of the relation between cultures and styles of leadership in different countries. At first characteristics of leadership are discussed in work oriented leadership paradigm and management regimes, in a number of different regions, including China, Japan, U.S.A, Europe, and Arab countries. We also discuss about cross-cultural leadership concept and its challenges. At the end, a comparative analysis is made over the various leadership styles. Keywords: Leadership styles, cultural differences, conceptual leadership model, cross-cultural leadership * . Corresponding Author , Tel: 09121090719 Email: Ghreza@ut.ac.ir 92 Iranian Journal of Management Studies Introduction: Leadership is defined as the process of having dominance on...
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...Science defines human life as a characteristic that exhibit a process with organization, growth, adaptation, etc.; however, ancient sages told people human life is extremely valuable and sacred, as a religious doctrine in the Ten Commandments: “Thou shalt not kill.” Moreover, when people talk about ethics, they will think about rules to differentiate right and wrong. It might be wise maxims of Confucius or religious beliefs. The most general way to define “ethics” is that “moral principles that govern a person's or group's behavior” (American English in Oxford Dictionary). Bioethics is a pretty young interdisciplinary study, which is considered with ethical questions related to the relationships among human beings, animals, and environments in the late twentieth century. Based on this, bioethics derived three main subdisciplines, which are medical ethics, animal ethics, and environmental ethics. Although each sub-discipline has particular study area in bioethics, there still are overlaps of ethical considerations and approaches. This makes it difficult to easily discuss ethics questions such as stem cell research, xenotransplantation, the ethical status of animals and the ethical status of the environment. Further discussion about the vital issue of moral status solutions is necessary at the same time. In the rapid development of the natural sciences and biotechnology has greatly promoted better living conditions and improve the living standards of people around the world...
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...THE HANDY RELIGION AN SWE R BOOK JOHN RENARD Detroit The Handy Religion Answer Book™ C O P Y R I G H T © 2002 BY VI S I B LE I N K PRE SS® This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other applicable laws. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in a magazine or newspaper. All rights to this publication will be vigorously defended. Visible Ink Press® 43311 Joy Rd. #414 Canton, MI 48187-2075 Visible Ink Press and The Handy Religion Answer Book are trademarks of Visible Ink Press LLC. Most Visible Ink Press books are available at special quantity discounts when purchased in bulk by corporations, organizations, or groups. Customized printings, special imprints, messages, and excerpts can be produced to meet your needs. For more information, contact Special Markets Director, Visible Ink Press, at www.visibleink.com or (734) 667-3211. Art Director: Mary Claire Krzewinski Typesetting: Graphix Group Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Renard, John, 1944The handy religion answer book / John Renard. p. cm. ISBN 1-57859-125-2 (pbk.) 1. Religions--Miscellanea. I. Title. BL80.2 .R46 2001 291--dc21 Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved ...
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...LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR TEACHERS (LET) PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION REVIEWER [SET 2 - PART 1] LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR TEACHERS (LET) PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION REVIEWER 1. Which assumption underlies the teacher's use of performance objectives? A. Not every form of learning is observable. B. Performance objectives assure the easier of learning. C. Learning is defined as a change in the learner's observable performance. D. The success of learner is based on teacher performance. 2. In the parlance of test construction what does TOS mean? A. Table of Specifics B. Table of Specifications C. Table of Specific Test Items D. Team of Specifications 3. A student passes a research report poorly written but ornately presented in a folder to make up for the poor quality of the book report content. Which Filipino trait does this practice prove? Emphasis on __________. A. art over academics B. substance over porma C. art over science D. porma over substance 4. In a criterion-referenced testing, what must you do to ensure that your test is fair? A. Make all of the questions true or false. B. Ask each student to contribute one question. C. Make twenty questions but ask the students to answer only ten of their choice. D. Use the objectives for the units as guide in your test construction. 5. Which does Noam Chomsky, assert about...
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...| Walt Disney Company in Shanghai & Tokyo | Operation in Asia II Region | | | Joanne JohnsonEnes TastanLucia ValadezStanley WoodardKeller Graduate School of ManagementHR584 Managing International Human Resources Instructor: Jack HuddlestonJune 17, 2012 | Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 LAWS AND REGULATIONS 3 DEMOGRAPHICS 5 CULTURE AND LANGUAGE 8 ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND CURRENCY FACTORS 13 LABOR RELATIONS 15 HRM POLICIES, PRACTICES, AND TRENDS 17 CONCLUSION 24 REFERENCES 26 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Walt Disney Company has had a strong presence in the Far East since the 1930’s when Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was shown in Shanghai theaters and with the founding of a local subsidiary in Tokyo in 1959. Today, Disney is a market leader in home based and theme park entertainment in the Asian market. The firm is currently exploring a production facility in either two of the hub cities of Tokyo and Shanghai. In this paper will review the demographics, culture, political, economic, and applied HR practices in China and Japan. China and Japan are both economic powerhouses with homogenous cultures, with distinct political and economic structures. The Chinese culture has more Confucian ideals that are more collectivist in nature, while the Japanese culture emphasis harmony and saving face communication. The Chinese manipulation of its currency and increasing dissent among workers puts the nation in higher political risk; moreover the Chinese...
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...Chapter 2 Understanding Culture Introduction Culture is important because it is everything and everywhere. In a very real sense, your culture is part of who you are. What makes culture so unique is that you share culture with other people. Culture is a group worldview, the way of organizing the world that a particular society has created over time. Nolan This framework or web of meaning allows the members of that society to make sense of them-selves, their world, and their experiences in that world. You do not arrive in this world knowing how to dress, what to eat, what to strive for, or how to spend your money and your time. In modern society different people communicate in different ways, as do people in different societies around the world, and the way people communicate is the way they live. It is their culture. When the elements of communication differ or change, the elements of culture differ or change. Communication and culture are inseparable. According to Hanson, Behaviour is governed by many factors, socioeconomic status, sex, age, education etc, each of which will have an impact on cultural practices as well. Individuals may differ by the degree to which they choose to adhere to a set of cultural patterns. Some individuals identify strongly with a particular group; others combine practices from several groups. In this chapter, we (1) explain why cultures develop, (2) highlight the essential features of culture...
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