...business and globalization became very popular and gained much more importance for each and every business company. Based on the quality research and the detailed analysis, this paper would come with the conclusion to show the advantages of globalization and also how globalization and international business can be a big factor in developing world’s economy. Term of globalization can represent and mean a lot of different things, but mainly globalization/international business are known for their flows of trade, finances and factors of production across the border, and transportation with effective communications set up. Globalization is responsible to make our world a “global village”. Globalization can develop strong international bonds not just between specific groups of countries but across a wide global network in which factors of production and also finished goods can move freely. The era of globalization in which we are living now came to existence not only because of Internet, but also because of changes in the institutional environment. Today globalization is a very popular and acceptable term. Globalization is a continuous and constant debate that society should face. The nature of globalization is somewhat specific and therefore understanding the meaning of it is crucial, so any praise or critics of globalization is purely justified. Many well-known economists were arguing globalization in a variety of ways. Giddens was arguing and debating globalization on a social...
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...transactions to make the company's profitability appear temporarily poorer, or simply promote and report severely conservative estimates of future earnings. And this phenomenon of accounting scandal exist in contemporary society. The integrity of the accounting profession and the credibility of financial information provided by businesses have been undermined by scandals. Accounting and business education should pay more attention to the ethical to prevent accounting scandals. And they should not be focused on the teaching of accounting techniques. Neoliberal ideology is a political movement beginning in the 1960s that blends traditional liberal concerns for social justice with an emphasis on economic growth. And it is similar to globalization. Globalization includes three elements that are difficult decreasing, quick response to alterations, and multilateral trade liberalization. And accounting professional contains individual professional judgment and professional self-regulation. Globalisation brings many benefits but also a number of problems, for instance, low price labour used by multinationals that Increasing wages for highly-skilled workers and reducing wages for less-skilled workers obviously leads to greater inequality. Neoliberalism has also been unable to address growing levels of global inequality. In order to better focus on ethical education, accountants should consider ethical issues in various directions. And they should understand the requirements of students’ future...
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...Gao(Tim) Words: 879 Tutor: Mark The impact of globalization in Japan "Globalization implies the opening of local and nationalistic perspectives to a broader outlook of an interconnected and interdependent world with the free transfer of capital, goods, and services across national frontiers"(Businessdictionary.com:1931). As the development of technology, connect between each different countries become easier, more and more countries can be easy communication or trade with other countries in many different fields, for instance economic, cultural education and other fields, that can make these countries develop fast. The globalization becomes more and more important to each country, no matter development country or developing country. As we know, after the Meiji Restoration of 1868, Japan become a highly globalized country on many fields, like economy, science and technology, education and many other fields. This essay will introduce about the impact of globalization on economic, culture and education of Japan, analyze the impact of globalization on these fields. "The economy of Japan is the third largest national economy in the world after the United States and the People’s Republic of China and is the world's second largest developed economy" (Oecd-ilibrary:2012). As we know, Japan is not a country has a vast land and rich resources, especially whole country economy almost destroyed by World War II. The globalization is the most important reason can help developing economy...
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...SIGN ------------------------- DATE ----------------- Declaration by Management For and on behave of The Kenya Institute of Management (Nanyuki Branch) BRANCH EXECUTIVE OFFICER Evans Mathenge SIGN ----------------------------- DATE -------------------- DEDICATION I dedicate this project to my husband and my children for giving me support and encouragement throughout my studies. I also thank my God for giving me strength and guidance. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Amgrateful to my supervisor mr.Wagura W.P.A who spared a lot of his time in guiding on data collection and compiling of this project.Gratitude to the staff of Nanyuki Municipal Council especially my colleagues for their contribution and for making this project a success. I would also like to thank all my lecturers who have taken me through this course, staff of the Kenya Institute of Management (Nanyuki branch) for taking me through the course, Without their input, this work would not have been possible....
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...DFW Memorandum Name: Institutional Affiliation: Date: Over the years, economic globalization has been a hot topic worldwide. While a section of people argue that economic globalization has caused a number of problems, its positive impacts cannot go unnoticed. Economic globalization has been instrumental in the creation of free market flows, thus in the process, enabling development or increased productivity in developing countries. With this, it means that the developing countries will benefit from both foreign market and an international market. Additionally, through economic globalization, international investors are attracted to a given area with the potential for growth but this is only possible if the legal framework of the country of interest is clear on the investment policies that should be undertaken. Specifically, Shanghai has shown the significance of economic globalization owing to the number of investors who are attracted to invest in the country. As a legal counselor for DFW, a firm that is interested in venturing in Shanghai, understanding Chinese investment policies are critical in determining the business structure that the company will have, as well as, the various incentives, and the means of resolving disputes should any arise. There are two main types of business structures that can be used in Shanghai; these can be Limited Liability companies and Representative office. The Limited Liability Company is independent legal entities that bear...
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...What Is Globalization? Globalization can be explained as a process of integration and interaction among the companies, people, and governments of different nations. It is a process explained by international trade and investment and updates by information technology. There is an amazing irony in globalization and it is that, as the world gets smaller, opportunities for growth and development become wider and better. Nowhere is this more clearly manifest than in the sphere of international trade and business relations where foreign market economies, domestic politics and diverse legal systems are linked to each other to create more advantages for the contracting states. Origin of Globalization The origin of the Globalization is not new one. It has been gone thousands of years, first people, and, then later on the corporations and industries have been selling to and buying from each other in different lands and nation’s at large distances. This origin of globalization can be elaborated by taking an example of Silk Road. The Silk Road is an entity that is connecting the Europe and China during the middle ages. The same, for centuries, industries and people have been investing in enterprises and venture in other countries. If truth be told, there are number of characteristics of the contemporary wave of globalization are parallel to those existing before the occurrence of the First World War in 1914. Brecher et al. try to conceptualize the roots of...
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...GLOBALIZATION Firm Internationalization and Capital Structure in Developing Countries: The Role of Financial Development Halit Gonenc and Daniel J. de Haan As the trend in globalization continues, developing market economies are moving to the forefront of the world market, diminishing the dominance of developed countries. Their rapid expansion is often underpinned by strong domestic firm performance. The resources and funds required to fuel the sustained future growth of these firms as they compete with global powerhouses from developed markets therefore become important factors. In recent decades the process of globalization has made it increasingly common for developing country firms to internationalize and gain access to developed country capital markets. Developping countries are playing a significant role in the developpment of their home-country economies because of a higher use of external financement, which could give these firms the opportunity of operating in countries with more developped financial markets and a better access to external funds. In addition, developed financial markets can reduce the problem of asymmetric information. To evaluate the role that both the level of financial market development and firm-level characteristics have in the relationship between internationalization and debt financing, they employ three-variable interactions. The purpose was to find out how the relationship between the level of foreign sales and financial development...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON BANGLADESH ECONOMY “Globalization was supposed to bring unprecedented benefits to all. Yet, curiously, it has come to vilified both in the developed and developing world”—Joseph E Stiglitz, Making Globalization Work, 2006. - PROF. DR. M A JALIL State University of Bangladesh ABSTRACT Today all the modern and developed and developing countries are more or less within the fold of globalization. Bangladesh with its expanding sway of exports and imports is no exception to that. Globalization is increasingly becoming more and more popular, because most of the countries see their better fortune in this arrangement. Globalization covers a wide range of issues, economic, political, cultural, etc. There are scopes of win-win gains of the involved countries in their dealings. Since the issue of globalization is more a dream than reality, an effort was made to make the readers more aware about the issue, so that they take more interest in implementing the nobler ideas of globalization. Bangladesh has been trying to bring structural changes in her economy- increasingly expanding the contributions of industries in GDP, trade liberalization, boosting up exports, exporting more manpower in abroad, encouraging them in sending remittances, and alluring the investors (both foreign and non-residents of Bangladesh) for DFI. The country found the results encouraging and more efforts will be rewarding. Recently, Bangladesh has taken efforts to diversify...
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...THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION AND THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCES. Muhammad Aminu Bawa (1) Dr Juhary Ali (2) ABSTRACT The current financial crisis, which has engulfed East Asia since July 1997 and has subsequently spread to Russia and Brazil, is one of the most pressing challenges facing countries and businesses in today's global business environment. Globalization represents the structural making of the world characterized by the free flow of technology and human resources across national boundaries as well as the spread of Information Technology (IT) and mass media presenting an ever-changing and competitive business environment. Two major limitations are observed in the treatment of the twin issues of the responses to the East Asian economic crisis and the coverage of the literature on globalization. While the response to the crisis has focused on macroeconomic aspects, the issue of globalization has been addressed predominantly in and with respect to the developed economies of Western Europe, North America and Japan. This paper is an attempt to address these two limitations. Since the human factor is the key in the new era of globalization (Hassan, 1992; Sims & Sims, 1995), the primary objective of this paper is to present a conceptual framework for effective management of human resources as a response to the growing interaction of globalization and business performance. Three central arguments are made in this paper. (1) That a growing body of evidence converge...
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...Critiquing the Affects of Globalization, Diversity, and Intuition on Managerial Roles Managerial roles are increasingly more challenging to fulfill with employees, projects and industries spanning across countries and boundaries. With globalization, there are business process differences to overcome, diversity with respect to organizational culture to consider, and the intuitive element is approached from gender perspective as well as its relevancy in shaping managers’ cognitive style. Global change is altering the supply chain management structure and efficiency for U. S. multinational corporations. Johnson (2006) points to five areas of importance regarding supply chain management structures: Globalization and outsourcing, including the impact of China and India on supply chain structure and coordination; new information technologies, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) and tools that enable enterprise integration and collaboration; economic forces within and between supply chains, from the consumer pricing to supplier contract negotiation; risk management, including risks from supply chain complexity and from security threats; product lifecycle management, including post-sale service and product recovery (p.191-192). Even though these areas are important, Johnson (2006) underemphasized the importance and affects of cultural values and managerial philosophies on supply chain management organizations (Robbins & Judge, 2007). Anwar and Chaker (2003) demonstrated...
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...Introduction The porter forces model was first developed in 1979 by Michael .F. Porter of the Harvard as structure for assessing and evaluating the competitive position and power of an organization, the model is grounded on the concept that there are five forces which ascertain the competitive intensity of the market (Porter, 2008). Figure 1.1 shows a diagram of the five forces model, (Flesicher, 2007) Porter’s five forces model is quite useful and it provides a number of benefits , its most contribution is that it's a relevant tool to help organizations find the fundamental structuring components of their given business operation. It is the map showing where the company is and where they hope or want to be (Flesicher, 2007).Further more Schmidt (p.82, 2010) adds that “The model help to identify where the power is in the present business situation, This is important both in understanding the might of a company’s current competitive situation and the power of a position that the company wants to move to.”By understanding where the intensity is, the model can be used to identify the areas of strength, to improve failings and prevent mistakes; also strategic analysts often use the theory to know if new products or services are potentially profitable (Roy, 2011). The five forces model is a tool for analysising the competitive environment as Henry (p.70, 2008) states that “It allows an organization to determine the attractiveness or profit potential of a given market by...
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...International Perspectives on Adult Education Author: Susan Imel Date: 2000 Adult education is practiced throughout the world. Although the adult education enterprise varies in scope, philosophy, and structure in different nations, it is not unusual for approaches to adult education developed in one region or country to spread. Certainly, adult education in the United States has been influenced by the ideas of international adult educators such as Paulo Freire and Roby Kidd and by practices such as the English University Extension Movement, Swedish Study Circles, and the Danish Folk Schools (Reischmann, Bron, and Zoran 1999). Currently, a number of perspectives on adult education are evident in the international literature. Some of the trends and issues from this literature are highlighted in this Alert. Publications from the Fifth International Conference on Adult Education held in Hamburg, Germany, in July 1997 are a particularly rich source of information on international perspectives about adult education. Sponsored by the UNESCO Institute for Education (UIE), the conference brought together more than 1,500 adult educators from around the world who participated in plenary sessions, workshops, and roundtables to shape statements about adult education and develop actions for the future. A clear trend in the conference and the documents it produced was the critical importance of adult education and adult learning "for fostering ecologically sustainable development, for promoting...
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...CSR activities. In the following thesis I would like to give an answer on this question. Inhoudsopgave 1. Introduction 5 1.1 Research Purpose 6 1.2 Problem Statement 6 1.3 Sub questions 7 1.4 Structure 7 2. Theory 8 2.1 Definition CSR 8 2.2 Definition Multinational Corporation (MNC) 9 2.3 Theoretical Framework (Garigga & Mele (2004)) 10 2.3.1 Instrumental theories 10 2.3.2 Political theories 12 2.3.3 Integrative theories 13 2.3.4 Ethical theories 14 2.3.5 Propositions 16 3. Methods 18 3.1 Research approach 18 4. Results 19 4.1 Instrumental motive 20 4.2 Political motive 20 4.3 Integrative motive 21 4.4 Ethical motive 22 5. Conclusion & Recommendation 24 5.1 Conclusion 24 5.2 Limitations & Recommendation 27 6. References 28 1. Introduction Corporate social responsibility is becoming more and more important for companies. The last few years there is an increase of interest from companies in CSR and in the implementation of different CSR activities in their day-to-day businesses. In general, corporate social responsibility encompasses the responsibilities that businesses have towards society. These responsibilities can vary from acting by compliance with the law to creating community groups. The increase of interest in CSR emerges from the increase of attention that CSR gets...
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...Essay for NRC CCOM-183: 1988 Professor: Dr. Atilio León Rubio PRIVATE UNIVERSITY ANTENOR ORREGO FACULTY OF COMMUNICATION PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCES NOVEMBER, 2013 INTRODUCTION This paper aims to describe and analyze the main theoretical currents of communication in Latin America from two main aspects: first, the current state of research and production on the subject exists in some Latin American countries and on the other, the sense that scores from the beginning of the last decade, the curriculum reform in schools of communication in Latin America and, consequently, in the definition of the subject matter of the communication. Since the nineties, academic and research application of the theory of communication in Latin America has experienced a renewal, healthy and necessary overcoming change. This change starts mainly from overcoming the tendency to ascribe the declining communication studies to a single discipline and go creating a growing awareness of their status and disciplinary forms revolutionize approaches to the analysis and production, dissemination and reception the message. These changes, in fact, the main underlying theoretical and communication research in Latin America current. ANTONIO PASQUALI Arnaldo Antonio Pasquali Greco, born in Rovato, Italy; on June 20, 1929, is a Venezuelan social communicator. He is considered one of the introducers of thought in Latin America Communication underlying...
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...1 AUTHOR: Ricardo G Flores and Ruth V Aguilera TITLE: Globalization and location choice: an analysis of US multinational firms in 1980 and 2000 SOURCE: Journal of International Business Studies v38 no7 p1187-210 D 2007 COPYRIGHT: The magazine publisher is the copyright holder of this article and it is reproduced with permission. Further reproduction of this article in violation of the copyright is prohibited. To contact the publisher: http://www.jibs.net/ In this paper we examine foreign location choices of the top 100 US multinational corporations (MNCs) in 1980 and 2000. We first ask whether there has been a change in MNC foreign location choice in this two-decade period. Second, we explore the underlying reasons of location change by focusing on country-level factors, accounting for firm-, industry — and regional-level explanations. Our findings suggest, first, that the extent of MNCs’ activities around the globe is more extensive than assumed by regionalists’ arguments and well beyond Ohmae’s TRIAD, but still less widespread than claimed by the globalists — the two main traditions within the globalizationregionalization debate. Second, we uncover an interesting de-location pattern in this period. Third, we develop an integrative framework where both economic and institutional-cultural arguments are shown to influence MNCs’ foreign location choice in different ways. We conclude with a discussion of our findings, and provide suggestions for future research. Keywords: MNC...
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