...Charlotte Beers (Ogilvy & Mather) Case analysis At the point of planning to the launch of the business, the owner of the business is very passionate and usually experienced in the line-of-business; as David Ogilvy was at the age of 38 when he started his own advertising agency in 1948. Ogilvy & Mather, an advertising agency was started in New York and expanded worldwide. By 1991, O&M was ranked the largest marketing company in the world.[1] But there comes a time when a company must look to adapt a change. With competition growing, clients of O&M changed their demands. O&M was a high-cost agency that was failing in controlling their budget and lowering their cost; they failed to see the reason for a change. Due to that fact, O&M had lost few of their multi-million dollar accounts. Many companies may have either filed bankruptcy or have shutdown in the process of losing their clients but O&M was not the type of company that would give up that easily. In 1992, Charlotte Beers was appointed CEO of O&M and a massive change was underway. She was not the type of person who would dwell on the past, but instead look to better the future. Charlotte Beers clearly made an impression on the O&M employees as she had the ability to inspire. But more importantly, she came up with three strategies which turned the company around 360 degrees; Client Security, Better Work/More Often, and Financial Discipline. Yes these strategies were formed for an advertising agency...
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...Copyright, Intellectual Property, and Innovation Computer Literacy Instructor DATE In today's society, how does copyright, intellectual property, and innovation play a key role in our everyday lives? With today's technological advancements, there are many laws, rules, and regulations that can apply to everyday life. If we are not careful with online behavior, it's possible that we could be breaking several of these laws. The intent of this research paper is to inform the reader of these laws, how to abide by them, and the repercussions if any are violated. Copyright is defined as the exclusive right to make copies, license, and otherwise exploit a literary, musical, or artistic work, whether printed, audio, video, etc.: works granted such right by law on or after January 1, 1978, are protected for the lifetime of the author or creator and for a period of 50 years after his or her death (dictionary.com). On October 28, 1998, so around twenty years later, the Digital Millenium Copyright Act or DMCA was signed into law by President Clinton. This law implemented two World Intellectual Property Organization treaties, but we will discuss that later. The DCMA also addressed several significant copyright related issues. Today, a majority of issues deal with the DCMA as we live in a advanced technical and social web based world. Because of the massive amount of digital media that is available to us, it is important to understand the laws and implications of those laws...
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...1 Index Importance of Legislative and Ethical Issues in Research and Written Communication Plagiarism • What? • Why? • What is Plagiarism • Example of Plagiarism • Case 1 & Case 2 with Outcome • Definition • Examples of IPR • Case 1 & Case 2 with Outcome Intellectual Property Rights Ethical Issues • Definition • Examples of Ethical Issues • Case 1 & Case 2 with Outcome • Definition of Copyright Law • Brief History of Copyright Law • Example Cases of Copyright Law with Outcome • Definition of Privacy Law • Example case 1 and Case 2 with Outcome Copyright Law Privacy Law References • References Used 2 What is Ethical Issues in Research? Ethical issues in research arise on how the researchers carry out their studies and the interpretation on the moral of the problem and their presentation (Creswell,2003). 3 The purpose of the Research need to be communicated to the participants. (Creswell, 2003) Why? This will protect the subject being researched from any harm Make sure that everyone involved have shared enough knowledge. 4 The research problem being identified is important to have one that will benefit everyone being studied.(Creswell,2003) Why? Make sure that researchers have no irrational , unsafe or selfish demand made by them 5 Participant should never be put at risk and their right should always be protected. (Creswell, 2003) Why? To show respect to those who will take part in research....
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...Software Copyright Piracy & Laws | Business Law | | This paper contains both recent and past accounts of software piracy cases. Also within the contents are definitions of what software piracy is and what has and can be done to help stop copyright infringement. | | Brandon Sampsell | 4/19/2012 | | Software Copyright Piracy & Laws The definition of software piracy is the illegal copying of software for commercial or personal gain. Software companies have tried many methods to prevent piracy, with varying degrees of success. Several agencies like the Software Publishers Association and the Business Software Alliance have been formed to combat both worldwide and domestic piracy. Software piracy is an unresolved, worldwide problem, costing millions of dollars in lost revenue. In a more recent case, the case of Universal Music Australia Pty Ltd v Sharman License Holdings Ltd (2005) 220 ALR 1 was high-profile Australian litigation involving music labels suing the developers and distributors (collectively referred to as "the Sharman parties") of software that enabled access to the Kazaa a p2p network. The software, which was made available for free, enabled users to upload and download digital files like music files or data files. However, unlike earlier p2p networks the Kazaa network did not require operation through centralized servers, nor physical involvement in the transmission of the files. The essence of the litigation concerned the responsibility...
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...and unmonitored downloads is a matter of concern. It is significant to take note of the laws that various countries have enacted and enforced in order to curb or at least regulate online piracy and related activities. Further, though the Copyright Act, 1957 and Information Technology Act, 2000 in India deal with certain facets of piracy, they do not conclusively deal with this menace. It is the need of the hour for India to draft and enforce laws which will address the current problem and also take into consideration the technological advancements that are likely to give rise to more of such complex issues. Formulating such a law in the near future will be a welcome change and will definitely give India the IP advantage. Keywords: Online piracy, copyright infringement, jurisdictional barriers, Internet laws, intellectual property The Internet has become the first port of call for anyone in search of information, ideas or simple contact with like-minded people. Unparalleled opportunities also exist through social network sites, blogs, wikis and other interactive facilities for individuals to make information public about themselves, exchange opinions and share knowledge on every question under the sun.1 Infringement of copyright on the Internet has become a common phenomenon....
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...Cultural consumer and copyright: A case study of anime fan subbing Carlo Valencia BSED 1st year Abstract This paper intends to discuss copyright infringement from consumers’ perspective through looking into anime ‘fan subbing’. Anime fan subbing refers to the participatory consumption in which avid fans copy anime (Japanese animation), translate Japanese to another language, subtitle and release subtitled version on the Internet to share it with other fans, without asking for permission from the copyright holder. The case study of English fan subbing of anime shows that this activity was guided by fan subbers’ own ethics that intended to support the anime industry by self-controlling fan subbed anime. Under the advancement of digital technologies and the increased global connectivity among anime fans, however, the existing ethics have become outdated and thus global distribution of anime is further detached from the industry’s distribution businesses. This paper notes the importance of consumers’ own norms and rules in shaping behavior of copyright infringement. It raises further questions on the relationship between copyright law and consumer ethics. Introduction Amid the rise of creative economy discourse, the issue of copyright is drawing increasing attention from cultural industries, policy makers, civil societies and consumers. Simply put, ‘copyright’ can be defined as a series of exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute a work of artistic...
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...Violations of Copyright Privileges Joe Cooper Violations of Copyright Privileges US copyright law provides detailed and specific recourse for copyright infringement, although it is sometimes left unenforced. The Copyright Act of 1976, contained in the US Constitution, and the No Electronic Theft Act (NET Act) provide both civil and criminal recourse for infractions. (US Copyright Office) Although issues of copyright infraction are extremely common in the music industry, the law is clear that the distribution, performance or display of copyrighted intellectual property (IP) cannot be tolerated (Grama 2011). The distribution of songs via peer to peer sharing on the internet directly violated the Copyright Act and NET Act. It drastically affected the market and was not used for non-profit, educational use. Under the provisions of the NET Act, the distribution of copyrighted music is illegal even if there is no commercial revenue to be gained or intended. Under the NET Act, increased penalties for the illegal distribution of 10 or more copies of a protected work were increased to five years imprisonment and/or $250,000 fines for individuals and $500,000 for organizations. For circumstances less than the threshold of 10, the maximum is one year imprisonment and up to $25,000 for individuals and $100,000 for organizations. (GPO 1997) In this case real damages would be sought for the accumulated loss of revenue as well as legal fees, as provided by the Copyright Act of 1976...
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...Business Law The Copyright Act As a part of Intellectual Property Rights (With Relevant Provisions to WTO) INDEX Introduction............................................................................................................................04 Introduction to Intellectual property Rights...........................…............................04 Industrial Property.........................................................................................04 Artistic and Literary Property.....................................................................05 Nature of Intellectual Property Rights........................................................05 Introduction to TRIPS………………………...........................................................06 Berne Convention...........................................................................................08 Introduction to WIPO………………………………………………………..……..09 Introduction to The Copy Right Act………………………………………………10 Meaning of Copyright……………………………………………........................................11 Terminologies of Copyright…………………………….......................................................12 Registration of Copyright………..........................................................................................13 Correction of entries in the Register of Copyrights………………………...…….14 Rectification of Register by Copyright Board……………….................................15 Duration of Copyright………………………......................
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.....................8 Examples of GTIN Use .......................................................................................10 Frequently Asked Questions ...............................................................................11 Resources...........................................................................................................13 Executive Summary The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is the foundation of the GS1 System (formerly the EAN.UCC System) for uniquely identifying trade items, which includes both products and services that are sold, delivered, and invoiced at any point in the supply chain. GTINs provide unique identification worldwide. The GTIN is encountered most frequently at point of sale and on cases and pallets of products in a distribution/warehouse environment. GTINs can be encoded into various types of GS1 bar codes and Electronic Product Codes™ (EPC) which are programmed into Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. The GTIN is a required component of the Global Data Synchronization Network™ (GDSN™) and various types of e-commerce transactions. They are most...
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...Copyright and the Internet Hector L MacQueen*(* LLB (Hons), PhD, FRSE, Professor of Private Law, University of Edinburgh, email hector.macqueen@ed.ac.uk. This is a substantially revised, updated and rewritten version of the chapter which appeared under the same title in L Edwards and C Waelde (eds), Law and the Internet: Regulating Cyberspace (1997). I am grateful to those who commented upon that earlier version, to those who sent me information about developments on the Internet (especially Dr Athol Murray), and to the editors once again for their help, guidance and patience over a prolonged period.) Introduction A major issue for copyright lawyers at the present time is how to deal with the rapid development of the Internet and the prospect of the ‘information superhighway’, world-wide telecommunications systems which permit the rapid, indeed virtually instantaneous transmission around the world, at times chosen as much by individual recipients as by transmitters, of information and entertainment in all media - print, pictures still and moving, sound, and combinations thereof. The issues are manifold. Is the ease of perfect reproduction and manipulation of material in the digital form used by our communications systems the death-knell of the whole basis of copyright? Are we at least going to have to reconsider such fundamentals of copyright law as what constitutes publication, copying and public performance, or the old distinctions between categories of work such as literary...
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...The technique q Applications q Typical sequence Copyright ©2001 Ian H. Giddy globalsecuritization.com The Securitization Process3 Securitization of Assets Securitization is the transformation of an illiquid asset into a security. q For example, a group of consumer loans can be transformed into a publically-issued debt security. q A security is tradable, and therefore more liquid than the underlying loan or receivables. Securitization of assets can lower risk, add liquidity, and improve economic efficiency. q Sometimes,assets are worth more off the balance sheet than on it. q Copyright ©2001 Ian H. Giddy globalsecuritization.com The Securitization Process4 What is the Technique for Creating Asset-Backed Securities? A lender originates loans, such as to a homeowner or corporation. q The securitization structure is added. The bank or firm sells or assigns certain assets, such as consumer receivables, to a special purpose vehicle. q The structure is legally insulated from management q Credit enhancement and rating agency reviews q The SPV issues debt, dividing up the benefits (and risks) among investors on a pro-rata basis q Copyright ©2001 Ian H. Giddy globalsecuritization.com The Securitization Process5 Securitization: The Basic Structure SPONSORING COMPANY ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE SALE OR ASSIGNMENT SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLE ISSUES ASSET-BACKED CERTIFICATES ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Copyright ©2001 Ian H. Giddy globalsecuritization.com The...
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...owner of the CD cannot do whatever she wants with that piece of property (at least not legally) * One major disadvantage of intangible property is that it can easily be infringed upon… easier to see that your car was stolen than your song; song could be stolen by multiple ppl * Permission to use IP is usually granted by a license: state how the work can be used and what compensation the copyright owner will be paid for allowing the use * The compensation is usually in the form of royalties (% of the price paid for the use) * what types of works is considered IP? (slide 9) songs, sound recordings, movies, tv shows, plays, dance routines, books, poems, photos, paintings, sculptures, computer programs, and websites * Care about songs and masters (song recordings) * Sometimes have a mix of copyrights ex) dance routine involved with another copyright (songs and dance choreography – songs, master recordings, choreographed routines: Broadway) * Buy a CD don’t own master recordings of songs – no copyrights * Know 3 forms of protection in IP: copyright, patents, and trademarks Unit 2: * difference between author’s right philosophy (slide 4) vs user’s right to philosophy (slide 5-6) * Author’s right philosophy is the natural right *...
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...MIP Course. Week 2. LEGAL PRINCIPLES OF IP LAW Written Law To be a law, it has to be written. Presumption of innocence (not like in US) Case Law Case that happened before, and to which we are referring. It is a reported decisions. Jurisprudence. Every product has some patent, copyright or trade mark or IP protection. Even a vacuum. Patent (=brevet) It protect the concept of the construction of the article. Has to have: novelty, industrial steps, and has to have a commercial aim. Duration: 20 years. You have to reapply for it, or invent a new thing. It is a short-term monopoly. It is a negative right: to prevent other people to use it. Trade marks (=marques) Mickey Mouse was allowed an extension of its copyright by lobbying the US. So the firm was really powerful. * What is a trade mark? Symbol that can be a design, logo, words, colour, smell, sound. It is the mark of the maker. Trade mark is about goodwill towards the customer, to help them recognise the product they want. We cannot call something Champagne when it does not come from this region in France. * When did it appear? 1986: first registry trade mark. It is an old protection. * How can you protect your trade mark? You can register it at the IP Office. But if it becomes a work in the common usage, you cannot protect it anymore (Hoover, Kleenex, Aspirin). Sometimes, you find 2 same trademarks. But it is okay because they are in two different classes (two different sectors in the industry)...
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...In late September 2011, the Canadian government re-introduced the Copyright Modernization Act (known as Bill C-11 under which the legislative proposals are by and large identical to those under the previous Bill (known as Bill C-32) as introduced by the former government)6 . The Bill, among other things, proposes two copyright exceptions relevant to this paper – (a) modifying the existing fair dealing exception to include parody and satire. Similar to the Australian position, the Bill does not provide any definition for these two terms. We are not aware of any official record that provides a detailed explanation about the intended scope of this proposed new exception; and (b) providing a new exception for “non-commercial user-generated content” (UGC) 7 subject to certain prescribed conditions, e.g. giving due credit to the underlying work and not having “a substantial adverse effect, financial or otherwise, on the exploitation or potential exploitation…or potential market” of the underlying work. 7. During the discussion of the original Act, there were criticisms that the exception for non-commercial UGC was too wide and the conditions attached thereto were unrealistic, and that it might violate the three-step test required by the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization. Some lamented that the “creativity” bar set in the provision was too low, under which a very simple alteration to a...
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...frameworks that play a part in the copying and distribution of digital media will be brought to light. Furthermore, to better exemplify this, three primary cases will be used to compare and contrast the ethical frameworks of the main topic. These cases derive from primary sources chosen specifically...
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