...amount produced and increase revenues in the same manner a monopoly does. An example of Oligopoly is AT&T and T-Mobile. Monopolistic competition is an industry that covers numerous competing firms, which has a similar but somewhat different product. An example of monopolistic competition is wholesale retailers. Perfect Competition: Perfect competition: Perfect competition occurs the minute several small firms compete against each other. An example of a perfect competition is agricultural farms. History of Costco The entire history of Costco began with Sol Price and his son, Robert, opening the first Price Club warehouse on July 12, 1976 on Morena Boulevard in San Diego, California, thus giving birth to a very new concept: a retail warehouse club. The Price family placed Price Club Warehouse #1 inside a series of old airplane hangars previously owned by Howard Hughes; that warehouse, now known as Costco Warehouse #401, are still in operation today. The current Costco is headquartered in Issaquah, Washington, United States and was founded as Price Club on...
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...Organizing: Costco Salena Jolley MGT/330 October 14, 2013 Angela Guest Organizing: Costco Grocery shopping can often times be a time consuming, tedious, and expensive trip. Most grocery stores offer a large variety of items for consumers to choose from. If a consumer needs a bottle of peanut butter, he or she will go to the grocery store where he or she is faced with a large variety of choices. Sometimes choosing which peanut butter to buy requires large amounts of time just looking at the different choices on the shelf. Some consumers may feel overwhelmed with the choices and walk away without purchasing any peanut butter. Other consumers will clip a coupon that offers a discount for one brand of peanut butter. When they get to the store, they find that the price of that brand of peanut butter even with a coupon is still more expensive than two or three other brands sitting on the shelf. Cutting out coupons and organizing them before making a trip to the grocery store is time-consuming and often frustrating for many consumers. In today’s economy, consumers want to go to a store that always offers a good deal and is competitive with other stores in price. Costco has cornered the market on amazing retail prices. In 1982 Jeff Brotman and Jim Sinegal met together to discuss plans of opening a new wholesale club business. By 1983, the first Costco warehouse opened up in Seattle Washington. By the end of 1984, nine Costco’s were open in five different states. In 1995, the...
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...s=COST&ql=0 http://www.costco.com.au/About/History.shtml http://www.costco.com.au/About/AboutCostco.shtml 1. History In 1976 Price Club was founded in San Diego, California. A year before their business reached over $1 billion dollars in sales, Costco opened its first warehouse in Seattle, Washington. In 1986 Price Club had 22 locations and 3.2 million members while Costco had 17 locations and 1.3 million members. In 1993 these two companies formed under a merger, but it wasn’t until 1997 that they changed their name from PriceCostco to Costco Companies Inc. Costco’s mission is to offer quality, brand name products at a substantially lower rate than their competitors. Although Costco targets small-to-medium-sized businesses in large cities throughout the world to help reduce costs in purchasing for resale and for everyday business use, they also sell to customers for their personal needs. Businesses and large families are Costco’s greatest customers. "Costco is able to offer lower prices and better values by eliminating virtually all the frills and costs historically associated with conventional wholesalers and retailers, including salespeople, fancy buildings, delivery, billing and accounts receivable. We run a tight operation with extremely low overhead which enables us to pass on dramatic savings to our members." Soon after their merger, Costco introduced their Kirkland Signature brand name- products that boast to be of equal or better quality than leading brands...
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...actions against federal, state or local laws. The organization will try to meet minimum law requirements during the negotiations in order to maintain competitive advantage. In general, these negotiations will be generalized for the international union across the nation. This means, depending on he state where each facility exists in, it might violate some state and local laws. References Berman, B. (2011). Competing in Tough Times. Business Lessons from L.L. Bean, Trader Joe’s, Costco, and Other World-Class Retailers.Upper Saddle River, NJ:Pearson Education Inc. Cascio, W. F. (2006). Decency Means More than "Always Low Prices": A Comparison of Costco to Wal-Mart's Sam's Club. Academy Of Management Perspectives, 20(3), 26-37. doi:10.5465/AMP.2006.21903478...
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...WHAT IS THE ETHICAL DILEMA FACING WAL-MART & COSTCO? Tamika Goodman Mr. Sherlock-Prince Ethical dilemma is defined as a complex situation that often involves an apparent mental conflict between moral imperatives, in which to obey one would result in transgressing another. Ethical dilemmas are aften cited in an attempt to refute an ethical syste, or moral code, as well as the worldview that encompasses or grows from it. Wal-Mart pushes it’s slogan “Always Low Prices”. Wal-Mart is the largest retail operation in history. . This company is the world's third largest public corporation, according to the Fortune Global 500 list in 2012. It is also the biggest private employer in the world with over two million employees, and is the largest retailer in the world. Walmart remains a family-owned business, as the company is controlled by the Walton family who own a 48% stake in Walmart. It is also one of the world's most valuable companies. Costco Wholesale Corporation is the seventh largest retailer in the world. As of July 2012[update], it was the fifth largest retailer in the United States, and the largest membership warehouse club chain in the United States. Both Companies are very succesful in selling every day essential needs to customers, and both companies are competitors against each other. The ethical dilemma facing both compaines is that each company have there own ethical principles, core beliefs and values on how the company is...
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...ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE DATA MINING REPORT ONE AND TWO Shirly Mu, Todd Hughson, James Wall PROBLEM SOLVING THEORY ONSITE COURSE GS1140 INSTUCTOR LJILJANA MORRIS Today we are doing a project report on Costco. For Sol and Robert Price in 1976 they asked friends and family to help out with an opening price of two point five millon to open Price Club on July twelfth, they open their shop in an air hanger on Boulevard in San Diego, California. They were originally going to serve only small business. Mr. Price found out that it will be more beneficial to serve select customers. Costco was founded by James Sinegal and Jeffery H. Brotman. Costco opened its doors in 1983 in Seattle, Washington. Price Club and Costco later merged and renamed the business PriceCostco. And in 1997 due to its success the name was changed again to Costco Wholesale. (About History, 2014) Costco Wholesale stores headquarters are located in Issaquah, WA. The mission statement for Costco is to continually provide our members with quality goods and services at the lowest possible prices. (Farfan, 2014) There are three types of membership cards at Costco; Executive membership, Business membership and Gold membership. The one I have is executive membership this cost about one hundred and twenty dollars sounds like a lot but I’ll be able to get two percent back in my shopping. If I do not get back more than fifty five dollars back for the entire year they will give me that amount or the two percent of...
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...be obvious. Ultimately, legacies are built, and the organization’s reputation utilizes power and self-reliance. A thorough global analysis assessment must be completed during an environmental scanning of any organization. This assessment includes businesses, clients, markets, and industries in the same industry. The objective of this paper is to examine the organization and conduct an environmental scan, which will define their competitive advantages and operating strategies. Environmental scanning is the monitoring, evaluating, and disseminating of information from the external and internal environments to key people within the corporation (Wheelen & Hunger, 2010, pg. 16). Let’s begin by a comparing Smart and Final’s values versus Costco values. Smart and Final has developed the First...
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...Brotman, Costco Wholesale Corporation remains as one of the largest wholesaler retail in the world. Tech-Shield should consider the option of making an investment to Costco Wholesale Corporation due to the company’s effective business strategy, financial success, and reputable corporate policies. Costco's 5 year financial history has shown the increasing growth of the company. Costco has significant profit margin of 1.5% to 2%, showing that they are still growing and will become even more successful in the years to come. Costco continues to gain more loyal customers by attracting them on low priced goods and excellent customer service. Costco plays a very important role in the economy by creating jobs and opening up 30 new warehouses in 8 different countries from the year of 2012 to 2013. With more than 70 million members and employees, Costco prides their company to provide their customers quality products for the best price, ability to take care of their employers and customers, and to reward shareholders. Introduction Costco currently remains as the nation’s largest wholesale operator with 462 warehouses in the United States. In the year off 2013, Costco has over 71.2 million cardholders and 185,207 workers while profiting over 105.2 billion dollars in revenue. Wal-mart offers 100,000 items as divergent to 40,000 items at most grocery stores. However, Costco offers 10,000 items because they are able to order larger amounts of shipments for a cheaper price. Costco was founded...
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...a broad spectrum but the selection in each product category is limited based on fast-selling models, sizes, and colors. • Treasure-Hunt Merchandising: while the product line consists of 4000... Costco goes out of its way to surprise and excite its visitors with limited availability designer items. This solves two major challenges faced by warehouse stores – with products sold in such huge quantities, why visit regularly and why buy now. While Costco strives to beat the competition’s pricing, it also delivers exceptional value in its high-end offerings and customer service, giving consumers more for their money. This strategy works well for Costco, given its customers are the most affluent of all the warehouse clubs, with average incomes around $75,000. However, these customers are also value conscious, as evidenced by the members who opt for executive memberships, although it costs more per year, to take advantage of a 2% discount on most purchases. While this group only accounts for about a fourth of the company’s memberships, they represent nearly half of its net sales. Financial Perspective The gross margin currently falls into the normal range for this industry. In 2001 the gross margin was 10.4% and as of August 2010 the margin was 13.8%. The increase indicates Costco has become more efficient in their negotiation of pricing when...
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...Costco Case Study Costco Case Study In a time of global financial turmoil and shifting demographics, Costco must find ways to attract and retain customers to maintain market share and profitability. In the last 27 years Costco has become the fourth largest retailer in the United States and the eight largest in the world. By the end of 2009 it had 413 stores in the USA, 77 in Canada and 21 in the UK, 9 in Japan and 7 in Korea Australia has one and Taiwan has six (not including joint ventures in Mexico). The American and Canadian operations supply 93% of their net consolidated sales in 2008 and 2009 and 92% of the operating income. Declines in California or in Canada would be a serious blow to the company’s bottom line. The economy is taxing and retail sales are down for all major retailers. Costco must continue to respond effectively to all competitive pressures and adapt to changes in the industry. With higher interest rates, higher consumer debt loads, energy costs, inflation, cost to find and retain employees, and reduced consumer confidence in the market Costco faces a tough economic environment which can affect demand for their products and services. In addition, commodity prices like gasoline and food can shift dramatically. Costco has no assurance of vendor supply for merchandise and thus they are vulnerable to changes in the terms of sale, pricing and access to new products is not guaranteed. Out of stock positions can lead to loss of sales and consumer trust. Costco...
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...STANFORD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS CASE: A-186A DATE: 06/19/03 CosTco WHOLESALE CORPORATION FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS (A) INTRODUCTION Margarita Torres first purchased shares in Costco Wholesale Corporation in 1997 as part of her personal investment portfolio. Between 1997 and 2002, she added slightly to her holdings from time to time when the company sold stock for what she felt was a reasonable valuation, and up to that time she did not sell any of her shares. Having watched Costco grow from 265 warehouses to 365 worldwide, and from sales revenue of $21.8 billion to $34.1 billion, she wondered what factors led to such successful growth. She also wanted to determine whether those factors would hold consistent going forward. At this point, Costco was one of a special breed of retailers called wholesale clubs. Unlike other retailers, wholesale clubs required that customers purchase annual memberships in order to shop at their stores. Costco operated a chain of warehouses that sold food and general merchandise at large discounts to member customers. The company was able to maintain low margins by selling items in bulk, keeping operating expenses to a minimum, and turning inventory over rapidly. Costco’s closest competitors were SAM’S Club (a division of Wal-Mart) and BJ’s Wholesale, which both operated as wholesale clubs. Other competitors included general discounters (such as Wal-Mart), general retailers (such as Sears), grocery...
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...Case Study Costco: the Culture fit in Japan CONTENT 1 Introduction 1 2 Costco’s Human Resources Policies and Practices in United States 1 2.1 Recruitment 1 2.2 Compensation and Benefits 2 2.3 Career development 3 3 Culture differences between US and Japan 3 4 Costco’s human resource policies and practices in Japan 6 4.1 Costco in Japan 6 4.2 Costco’s human resource policies and practices in Japan 7 4.2.1 Recruitment 7 4.2.1.1 Student Program 7 4.2.1.2 Job Posting System 8 4.2.2 Compensation and Benefits 9 4.2.3 Career development 9 5 Conclusion 10 1 Introduction Costco Wholesale Corporation operates an international chain of membership warehouses, which carries quality, brand name merchandise at substantially low prices. As of 2014, it is the second largest retailer in the United States and the third largest in the world and the largest membership warehouse club chain in the United States. Costco currently operates 671 warehouses, with 189,000 full and part-time employees all around the world. As of 8/31/2014, there were 160.3 Million membership owners and the annual revenue of fiscal year 2014 was $112.6 billion. 2 Costco’s Human Resources Policies and Practices in United States In the United States, Costco is famous for its generous to employees. Despite the sagging economy and challenges to the industry, Costco pays its hourly workers an average of $20.89 an hour, not including overtime (vs. the minimum wage of $7...
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...Costco: Weakness of Three Aspects, a Company, Diversity, and Globalization INTRODUCTION The history of Costco “We are a membership warehouse club, dedicated to bringing our members the best possible prices on quality brand-name merchandise.” Costco Wholesale Corporation is one of biggest wholesale corporations in the United States and several other countries. The story of Costco’s rise from a single Seattle store in 1983 to a multinational chain of enormously profitable warehouses is a tale of perfect leadership in a rapidly-changing retail world. The company’s first location was in 1976 under the name Price Club which was established by Sol Price. Jim Sinegal launched a competing company with an idea of a wholesale business, Costco. The two businesses eventually merged in 1993, and Sinegal went on to educate Sol Price on the art of getting the right product in the right place for the right price. When Costco and Price Club merged in 1993, the operation under the name “PriceCostco” had 206 locations generating $16 billion in annual sales. Since resuming the Costco name in 1997, the company has grown to more than 500 locations worldwide. After opening the first Costco warehouse located in Seattle, WA, U.S.A. Costco became the first company ever to grow from zero to $3 billion in sales in less than six years. Costco’s strategy There are several factors for Costco to increase its growth under the strategy of the right products in the right place for the right price....
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...Strategic Plan for Costco Wholesale Corporation Executive Summary The retail industry is an extremely competitive environment that poses many challenges for Costco Wholesale Corporation and its competitors. Since many of the stores offer the same products, it may sometimes be very hard for customers to differentiate between retail stores. Even though the economy is recovering from a recession, the retail business is still a mature industry and is improving very steadily. Costco and its competitors are affected by the same political, economic, social, and technological factors, such as taxes, presidential elections, SEC regulations, the economic state of the country, exchange rates, various social characteristics, such as customer age, income and family size, and the growth of e-commerce. All of these external factors have a great influence on how Costco conducts their operations. Costco is a premier leader in the retail industry thanks to their strategic pricing strategy, low cost operating system, and financial stability. Costco is still vulnerable to numerous threats, such as competition, exchange rates fluctuations, increasing labor and healthcare costs, and high exposure to low growth markets. If Costco is to maintain the market share in the retail industry, they should consider the options of offering more customer service in their warehouses, increase online retail sales, and acquire other retail stores for expansion and growth. Finally, if Costco wants to become...
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...Battling Wal-Mart by Neal Peirce The Wal-Mart Watch campaign, a labor-environmental group highly critical of America's mega-mega retailer, recently launched more than 1,000 events nationwide for its "Higher Expectations Week." "Wal-Mart: The High Cost of Low Price," a scathing documentary by independent filmmaker Robert Greenwald with a focus on Wal-Mart's business tactics and treatment of workers, began to play to audiences across the country. Wal-Mart is fighting its critics with waves of television ads celebrating happy workers and the company's gifts to local charities. But the action goes much further. Across state capitals, legislators are into spirited debates over whether Wal-Mart should be forced to pay adequate health benefits or leave it to the states to subsidize its low-paid workers through Medicaid and other public benefits. Scene of the biggest current fight: Maryland, where Gov. Robert Ehrlich vetoed a measure to require any company with more than 10,000 workers -only Wal-Mart qualifies -- to spend at least 8 percent of payroll on health benefits. Or, alternatively, to contribute significantly to the state's health insurance program. An override vote on Ehrlich's veto is set for January. Wal-Mart has deployed at least a dozen lobbyists to Annapolis, offering goodies such as a $10,000 gift to underwrite a conference of black legislators. In one sense, all of this is predictable: With annual sales of $288 billion and 1.6 million employees, Wal-Mart is now the world's...
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