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Counseling Techniques

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Counseling consist of more than just asking a client “how they are feeling” or “can you tell me more about that.” There are many factors that play a role in a good counselor. Many times a counselor can find out the most information about a client by simply being quiet and using nonverbal communication. Every counseling session is made up of open-ended questions, close-ended questions, and active listening. Although, all sessions use these types of skills, they can differ depending on the type of session. In individual counseling, the counselor is solely focused on the client in the room. The main goal in individual counseling is to let that client know they are being heard. Ivey (2012) states, “ Attending and giving clients talk-time demonstrates that you truly want to hear their story and major concerns.” Having good eye contact during individual sessions helps that client relax and see that you are really interested in what they have to say. The counselor might use nonverbal communication in individual sessions as a way to discover what direction the client is going in during conversation. The counselor being silent gives the client a chance to think about what they are saying without the counselor having to point it out for them. The counselor could use reframing in individual counseling by asking open-ended questions to see how the client interprets what they have just said. In individual sessions, the counselor only has to discuss how one person views what is being said. In individual sessions the counselor only has to pay attention to one person, while in couples or family sessions the attention has to be shared. Counselors use these skills differently for couples counseling settings. With the skill reframing, counselors have to be careful to not stick to letting one-person express how the feel for the duration of the session. Counselors also have to be careful to make sure they are not agreeing with one person over the other when one client is expressing how they feel. Also with couples counseling, there is more than one view of an issue or topic that is being discussed. With individual counseling the counselor only has one view to hear and get feedback on. When performing the skill “reframing” the counselor needs to make sure that both sides are being heard and given the same amount of attention. The reframing skill also allows the client to have a “deeper exploration” and understanding of the issue so the counselor can help them move forward (Cooper, 2014). For example, say a husband and wife came to you for counseling. They had been fighting a lot due to the husband not being faithful to his wife. As the counselor, you would have to be making sure both sides of the story are being heard. The counselor would have to make sure they were giving the same amount of eye contact to both parties and not siding with one person over the other.

References

Cooper, J. B. (2014). Counseling microskills. In B. T. Erford (Ed.), Orientation to the counseling profession: Advocacy, ethics, and essential professional foundations (2nd ed.).(pp. 194–214). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

Ivey, A. E., Bradford Ivey, M., & Zalaquett, C. P. (with Quirk, K.). (2012). Essentials of intentional interviewing: Counseling in a multicultural world (2nd ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.

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