...Description This course is a general orientation to the field of juvenile justice, including causation theories and the development of system responses to delinquent behavior. The problems facing juveniles today are addressed, and adult and juvenile justice systems are compared, including initial apprehension, referral, and preventive techniques. Specific issues examined include chemical dependency, mental illness, and compulsive and habitual offenders. Special attention is given to the problems inherent in the police handling of juveniles and the function of juvenile courts. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current...
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...A. The Court Lacks Subject-Matter Jurisdiction Because Plaintiff Has No Standing To Assert His Claim. The Supreme Court test of standing stated above on its second prong indicates that “there must be a causal connection between the injury and the conduct complained of — the injury has to be fairly ... trace[able] to the challenged action of the defendant, and not... th[e] result [of] the independent action of some third party not before the court.” This means that plaintiff must demonstrate that the injury is fairly traceable to the defendant’s unlawful conduct. The question becomes whether the causal connection between action and injury is sufficient to confer standing. Here, Defendant TS Watches has no meaningful connection to the case...
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...Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Realm of Missouri, and Michael Cuffley, Appellants, v. Curators of the University of Missouri No. 99-1168 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT 203 F.3d 1085 February 17, 2000, Filed Before McMILLIAN, MURPHY, and TUNHEIM, n1 Circuit Judges. n1 The Honorable John R. Tunheim, United States District Judge for the District of Minnesota, sitting by designation. McMILLIAN, Circuit Judge. The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Realm of Missouri ("Missouri KKK"), and Michael Cuffley, the state coordinator for the Missouri KKK (together "appellants"), appeal from a final order entered in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri granting summary judgment in favor of the individual Curators of the University of Missouri and Patricia Bennett, general manager of the radio station KWMU (together "appellees"). For reversal, appellants argue that the district court erred in holding that, in light of certain facts not genuinely disputed, appellees' rejection of the Missouri KKK as an underwriter violated neither the First Amendment nor the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. For the reasons discussed below, we affirm the order of the district court. Background KWMU is a not-for-profit public broadcast radio station located on the campus of the University of Missouri at St. Louis ("UMSL"). KWMU is owned and operated by The Curators of the University of Missouri, a public corporation...
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...Personal jurisdiction is an issue for those who post websites because it gives the courts jurisdiction in forum states the right to pursue legal action against them. To determine if the court has personal jurisdiction over a website the court must prove that the website has had continued contact with those brining on the suit in the forum state. If it is determined that such action has taken place then the court may proceed. This would bring great concern to website owners, as the reach of the Internet seems to be never ending, they could face legal proceedings in several different jurisdictions that they have had contact with customers in. This makes their business vulnerable to law suits and website owners apprehensive in their publications. To take a look at a website I studied my own website I have learned that my website would fall in that middle spectrum like so many others. I believe that it could be considered “interactive-passive”. My site allows people to get information, contact me via email to ask questions and possibly place orders via email making it interactive to a degree although placing actual orders online (adding items to a shopping cart) and making payments isn’t available. As stated by Wolf when describing the middle spectrum “a defendant operates an informational Web Site, but also allows a user to exchange information with the host computer by providing an e-mail address, a toll-free telephone number or other forms of activity that would enable...
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...the plan and direct the resumption of business units according to agreed priorities. Building-in business continuity, making it part of the way that you run your business, rather than having to 'firefight' any emergency, helps prepare you to offer 'business as usual' in the quickest possible time. The benefits of BCM include: * Protects the organization * Enables a clearer understanding of how the organization works * Ensures compliance * Protects the community (Surrey's Local Resilience Forum, 2014) 'Business Continuity affects everyone: customers, staff, the community and ultimately the economy' (Surrey's Local Resilience Forum, 2014). Nearly 1 in 5 businesses suffer a major disruption every year, 80% of businesses affected by a major incident close within a month (Monmouthshir, 2013). Since 2000 there has been a 24% increase in the total cost of fire in the UK to £7.7bn (HR Future). The cost of arson has increased by 32% to £2.9bn (HR Future). The management of fire risk not only ensures compliance with legislation but...
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...Economic Analysis The Memphis Grizzlies and The FedEx Forum Bill Madigan Southern New Hampshire University Abstract Economic impact is generated by the continuous operations of the FedEx Forum facility and by the daily operations of the Memphis Grizzlies. Additional impact is generated by the spending of visitors who come to Memphis for the sports and other entertainment events held at the FedEx Forum throughout the year. Visiting NBA teams also spend money which has direct impact on Memphis and Shelby County. Each year numerous events are held at the FedEx Forum and they bring in out-of-county visitors to Memphis and Shelby County. This impact is also a key point in the revenue generated for the area. In 2009/2010 the revenue generated by the Memphis Grizzles and other entertainment was about $223 million. The total number of jobs brought in by the Memphis Grizzles and the FedEx Forum is close to 1,534. This includes the jobs employed directly by the two entities and jobs that exist throughout the county that assist in visitors who come to the area. When discussing the economic there are many facets to look at besides jobs and income. The business plan of the Memphis Grizzles is Fans First. They do a tremendous job taking care of the fans and in return have seen a tremendous growth in ticket sales. Full Season Ticket sales for 2013-14 increased by over 20%. They have sold out 17 consecutive home playoff games. Corporate renewal rate is well over 90 percent. They...
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...A Supreme Court Bench comprising of Justice A.K. Patnaik and Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar, in a momentous decision yesterday, simplified the course of action to be adopted in patent litigation, in order to avoid multiplicity of proceedings. The appellant in the instant case, Dr. Aloys Wobben was a scientific engineer who has to his credit, several inventions in the field of wind turbine generators and wind energy convertors, with 100 patents in India. The respondents, Yogesh Mehra and Ajay Mehra were joint venture partners of Dr. Wobben, in carrying out the manufacturing process under the name of Enercon India Limited, which was formed in 1994. The licences to use the technical know-how were vested by Dr. Wobben with Enercon Indian Limited, through written intellectual property licence agreements. However, the agreement dated 29.9.2006 was terminated by Enercon GmbH in 2008, due to non-fulfillment of obligations. Dr. Aloys Wobben had hence contended that even after the termination of the agreements, the respondents continued the use of the patents, without due authority. <p>Your browser does not support iframes.</p> This led to a legal struggle between the two parties. The respondents had filed 23 revocation petitions before the Appellate Board, praying for the revocation of the patents held in the name of the appellant. They had also filed counterclaims, in response to the patent infringement suits brought about by the appellants. The litigation had now reached...
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...International Legal and Ethical Issues LAW/421 International Legal and Ethical Issues Addressing international and legal issues can bring about large implications for both companies. It is advisable to have a distinct contract drawn up to protect the rights of the companies especially when seeking technology licensing. Different legal and ethical issues arise when setting up international partnership. One should take into consideration the customs of the business they are trying to complete transactions with. As Melvin (2011) states: International law has traditionally been defined in very broad terms and not limited simply to rules that are applied to settle disputes in court. Rather, international law is influenced by a combination of law, religious tenets, and diplomatic relations between nations. (p. 262, para. 1) International organizations help to define the development of international law (Melvin, 2011, p. 634). These international organizations are structured through several areas of multinational representation which are regulated and created by treaties. Some of these areas are the well-known United Nations and the U.N. Commission on International Trade Law which devised the creation of the Convention of Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). This is generally the most popular among international organizations. However, each organization must also keep in consideration certain policies, such as one others political situation, cultural issues...
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...Consumer Protection Act 1986: After liberalization of economic policy, consumer goods have flooded the market as never before. Both foreign and India companies are introducing new products and brands with glossy and fancy packing as the middle and lower income groups are taking loans to-Companies still do not pay attention to the quality of their products and also do not value customer satisfaction. Very often a customer may get taken in by a misleading advertisement making tall claim as to the high quality and after-sales service. The consumer may discover later that the goods purchased by him are not up to the claims made by the manufacturer. Companies are not willing to invest in efficient after-sales service so long as their sales keep increasing. Newspaper columns can be seen to be full of complaints and many companies do not care to rectify the complaints. To enable the consumer to have his right to a deal, the consumer protection Act was passed in 1986. The Act promises to rectify all that and make accountant both the manufacture; s and providers of service. It provides for toe setting up of quasi-judicial bodies at district, state and national label for quick and inexpensive redressal of consumer grievances. Three groups-the consumer, registered voluntary consumer associations and the central and state government is covered by this facility. In case a group of person is seeking similar redressal, a class action suit can be filed or may be treated as a public interest petition...
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...their constitutional right to practice religion or prayer in any setting including public schools. Several issues that arise in the public schools are; saying God in the Pledge of Allegiance, vaccinations of students, and student led religious activities in the public school setting. These issues have led to many debates and court cases. Religion will be an ongoing controversy in public schools since there are different interpretations of the Constitutional Amendments. It is imperative for an administrator of the school to know and understand the laws, to stay neutral, and to seek legal advice when dealing with separation of church and state One of the most controversial issues in the United States and public schools is the use of the word God in the Pledge of Allegiance. This debate dates as far back at 1892 when Francis Bellamy wrote the pledge without the words “under god” (Russo, 2004). However, the Senate and the House of Representative have continued to support the use of “under god” in the pledge (Russo, 2004). According to Russo, Smith v. Denny (1968), was the first case to challenge the use of “under god” in the pledge. The supreme court supported the use of the words in the pledge stating that it did not violate the First Amendment’s religion clauses...
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...resources, and assess their risks) 8. Maximizing individual freedom (e.g., the rights of freedom of speech, religion, and association granted by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution) What is Law? Definition A body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority, and having binding legal force. That which must be obeyed and followed by citizens subject to sanctions or legal consequences is a law. Qualities of Good Law What qualities make for good law? Fairness Flexibility As time changes, our values and our thought of fairness changes so the law has to flexible enough to change with society Brown v. Board of Education (1954) U.S. Supreme Court Brown V. Board of Education (1954) Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) U.S. Supreme Court Separate but Equal $ Caucasian Students $...
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...Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course prepares the student to communicate effectively in both written and verbal forms. The course covers best practices in investigative reporting, written reports and memos, and interpersonal verbal communication within criminal justice settings, including interactions with victims, suspects, incarcerated persons, government officials, staff, and civilians. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Wallace, H., & Roberson, C. (2009). Written and interpersonal communication: Methods for law enforcement (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: The Communication Process | | Details | Due | Points | Objectives | 1.1 Describe the process and components of communication. 1.2 Describe the flow of communication...
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... Court History and Purpose Francisco Duverge CJA/224 March 20th, 2015 Linda Robinson 2 Courts have been an integral parts of modern society as well as in ancient times pre dating back to the early days in the country of England. Lots have changed in the way the system operates, as now there are different levels and structures to better serve the citizens in disputed matters. A court is defined as an agency or unit of the judicial branch of government, authorized, or established by statute or constitution, and consisting of one or more judicial officers, which has the authority to decide upon cases, controversies in law, and dispute matters of fact brought before it. Siegel, Schmalleger & Worrel, (2011). Courts are agencies that dispute matters and resolve as well whenever a case has been brought up. There are different levels of courts in States, Federal and even civil. Courts are empowered to make decisions that are binding. Schmalleger, (2011). Courts provide important oversight in making sure citizens are treated in accordance to the law and afforded any legal representation that an accused needs when it stands accuse of a crime. There the court will mediate in the form of a judge...
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...WHITEFIELD Until the late 1980s, Whitefield was a small village. It has since become a major hub for the Indian technology industry. The Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP) at Whitefield of one of the country's first information technology parks - International Tech Park, Bangalore (ITPB) which houses offices of many IT and ITES companies. One of the oldest establishments is Tata Elxsi which came to Whitefield around the late 80s. The EPIP zone has offices of other IT and R&D giant like TCS, Accenture, UTL, Symbian, General Electric, SOA IT Solutions, Wipro, GE Medical Systems, iGate Global Solutions, Sapient, Manhattan Associates, SAP Labs, Dell Services (former Perot Systems), Dell, IBM, Intel, Mindtree Ltd, Sabre Holdings, CapeGemini, ABB and Oracle. INTERNATIONAL TECH PARK BANGALORE or simply ITPB (earlier known as ITPL), in Whitefield, is India’s first hi-tech park of its kind designed to provide a complete "work and play" environment for IT and technology-related businesses opened in 1998. It is unique in its 'work and play' concept, offering high-quality infrastructure combined with extensive amenities and recreational facilities and activities. ITPB has a built-up area of over 2,000,000 sq ft (190,000 m2) with more than 233 companies and over 320,000 people comprised by the community working out of ITPB. There are six buildings, named Discoverer, "Innovator”, Inventor, Explorer,Navigator, Creator, and Pioneer. In addition to this, ITPB also boasts of its own five-star...
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...Tyler Boles Annotated Bibliography Daly 9:00-9:50 Authority figures Bullies or Buddies: Brutality from authority figures to immigrants This newspaper article that I found online, written by Daniel Shoer Roth of the Miami Herald newspaper, shows his research on the subject of police brutality towards immigrants/refugees. it also shows some of his personal outlooks on the topic along with some views of some of the citizens in Miami that he interviewed. he talks on a national and local level about , biased policing, unconstitutional searches and seizures and the use of excessive force when dealing with ethnic groups. many cases have been documented in Miami-Dade County in which DEA agents and local police officers have arrested U.S. citizens with foreign last names to interrogate them about their citizenship. Foreigners are required to carry immigration papers, green cards, at all times. But natural born U.S. citizens are not required to carry papers proving citizenship. local police departments deny having policies that encourage the harassment of immigrants, but these attacks show how law-enforcement policies are not entirely respected by the officers. The enforcement program, Secure Communities, is sometimes considered a useless tool in bringing out dangerous foreign criminals, also gives full power to criminals and gives them power to commit abuse against our community. It also endangers any legal American who may be a victim of a crime witnessed by an immigrant/refugee...
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