...Review of Crash: Crash" tells interlocking stories of whites, blacks, Latinos, Koreans, Iranians, cops and criminals, the rich and the poor, the powerful and powerless, all defined in one way or another by racism. All are victims of it, and all are guilty it. Sometimes, yes, they rise above it, although it is never that simple. Their negative impulses may be instinctive, their positive impulses may be dangerous, and who knows what the other person is thinking? The result is a movie of intense fascination; we understand quickly enough who the characters are and what their lives are like, but we have no idea how they will behave, because so much depends on accident. Most movies enact rituals; we know the form and watch for variations. "Crash" is a movie with free will, and anything can happen. Because we care about the characters, the movie is uncanny in its ability to rope us in and get us involved. "Crash" was directed by Paul Haggis, whose screenplay for "Million Dollar Baby" led to Academy Awards. It connects stories based on coincidence, serendipity, and luck, as the lives of the characters crash against one another other like pinballs. The movie presumes that most people feel prejudice and resentment against members of other groups, and observes the consequences of those feelings. One thing that happens, again and again, is that peoples' assumptions prevent them from seeing the actual person standing before them. An Iranian (Shaun Toub) is thought to be an Arab, although...
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... 2012 Critical Review Introduction Race and gender relations are one of the most explored themes in movies, music, books, and etc. Often times, ineffective communication leads to the misinterpretation of each other’s actions, leading to inaccurate race bias. This race bias can be referred to as racism. Typically people in society are somewhat discreet about their racism and it is not something they openly admit to. The movie Crash, daringly tackles the issues of intercultural communication, and race in an unconventional way. It takes racism and makes it an open conversation amongst the characters to ensure the viewers can clearly identify each characters racial bias. As the characters in this movie communicate, there is frequent use of racial slurs, profanity, as well as racially driven insults and stereotypes, to further exaggerate the bigotry present in the film. Crash provides a series of examples that show just how powerful effective and ineffective communication can be when it comes to social relations. This film touches on various communication theories and concepts, in which many of the scenarios presented in Crash can be explained. These theories and concepts include: symbolic interaction theory (self concept), assumptions of communication accommodation theory (indirect stereotyping), assumptions of expectancy violations theory (violation valence), and cultural communication. Synopsis Director Paul Haggis’s, 2005 explosive film, Crash, tells a very provocative...
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...Crash begins, with a Muslim man going into a store to buy a gun from a white store owner. The white store owner views the man negatively because of his Muslim background. The white store owner’s preconceived attitudes towards the man are largely based on the September 11th terror attacks on the United States by a group of Muslim terrorists. This particular scene provides an example of stereotyping. According to the book Multicultural Law Enforcement, stereotyping is when people classify someone based on a particular pattern, but do not recognize their individuality. The white store owner believes that the Muslim man in his store is going to commit some type of criminal act, because of what little knowledge he has of Muslims. This lack of knowledge about Muslims, and the terrorist attacks completed by Muslims on US soil lead him to exhibit some form of stereotyping against all Muslims. The reality of stereotyping is that it has existed in humanity for centuries and still plays a major role in the lives of so many people around the world. I think that the only way to reduce stereotyping is by increasing education about what makes us different and embracing our uniqueness. Matt Dillon’s character John Ryan is vividly engrained into my imagination. John Ryan and his partner receive a call of a car- jacking involving a black Navigator. Ryan and his partner see a black Navigator in passing, run the plates and his partner advises him that, it is not the vehicle they are looking...
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...Crash: Of Racial Discrimination and Stereotypes November 3rd, 2011 Crash: Of Racial Discrimination and Stereotypes Directed by Paul Haggis and produced in 2004, Crash was the Oscar Awards winner of Best Picture in 2006. Aside from Best Picture, the movie won only one other award: Best Original Screenplay for Paul Haggis and Robert Moresco. Despite its little recognition, Crash is an important movie to watch. Plot The plot of Crash is not about a typical, narrative story in the usual sense. Instead, it focuses on a theme or message and weaves several linked stories to highlight the theme. The movie is essentially about racial discrimination and the consequences of stereotyping people. Set in LA, the story covers a 24-hour period. The movie depicts the stories of several people whose lives are intertwined by accidental and casual encounters, usually on the streets. The characters in the story are people of varying ethnic groups: a bad and a good cop, a group of police investigators, a couple of teenage robbers, a DA and his wife, an Arab family, a Hispanic locksmith and his family, and an affluent African American movie director and his wife. The story revolves around how all of these people have deeply ingrained prejudices and how they themselves could suffer from discrimination. Theme and depiction Discrimination and stereotyping of people sometimes happen as a result of reinforcement of the behavior of the people being discriminatory...
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...Introduction Cognitive psychology contacts with mental processes such as memory, researches have indicated that his particular cognitive process is not an exact replica of experiences, but is reconstructive. In light of this new research, experiments have tested and shown that memory may be influenced by certain units of knowledge that we have about frequently encountered people, objects or situations called “schemas.” The Schema Theory suggest that all new information interlinks withhold information represented in a schema and can influence memory. Bartlett Developed the Schema theory, which eventually became crucial in understanding how reconstructive memory works and the reliability of eyewitness testimony. He suggested that how a person remembers an event is subject to change depending on the person's cultural background and what values they were taught. Therefore, when a person remembers an event, any missing piece of information regarding that event is filled up based on their schema. He tested this in his famous „War of The Ghosts‟ experiment. This was supported by Allport and Postman, in 1947, which aimed to test the reliability of memory and the effect a person's schema has on their interpretation of an event. Loftus and Palmer Tested their hypothesis that language can alter reconstructive memory in an eyewitness testimony. Their aim was to show that leading questions can alter memory depending on its phrasing. Loftus and Palmer formed an opportunity sample...
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...related injuries from occurring. Car Accidents World Health Organization reports every year the lives of almost 1.24 million people that are cut short as a result of road traffic crashes. As a result, it has been proven that there has been a variation in causes of death relating to road traffic crashes. Driving under the influence, distracted drivers, and aggressive driving have been shown as a cause of road traffic crashes that lead to death and life threatening injuries. According to the traffic safety administration the age range that is more likely to result in these offenses are young adults between the ages 15-44 years and male drivers as being more likely to be involved in road traffic crashes than female drivers. This literature review considers whether prevention of thesedeath causing car crashes and life threatening injuries will serve as a solution by responding to theses following questions: 1. Why are car accidents the leading cause of death and life threatening injuries? 2. How can new drivers be educated on driving aggressive and operating a motor vehicle? 3. What source of...
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...7.Question: 3 Safety belts are designed_______. 8.Correct: with an emergency locking mechanism 9. 10.Question: 4 When you are tired your _________ shrinks. 11.Correct: peripheral vision 12. 13.Question: 5 If you take sedatives, you could experience____. 14.Correct: impaired reflexes 15. 16.Question: 6 A lack of__________is a major factor in traffic crashes. 17.Correct: risk awareness 18. 19.Question: 7 Side effects of legal drugs that can impair your driving include _________. 20.Correct: slowed reaction time 21. 22.Question: 8 If you have a solid yellow line on your side of the road __________. 23.Correct: you cannot pass or cross over into the oncoming lane 24. 25.Question: 9 In general, for males it takes the liver up to ________ to process approximately one drink. 26.Correct: 1 hour 27. 28.Question: 10 Alcohol begins to affect you__________after it enters your body. 29.Correct: moments 30. 31.Question: 11 Looking at the ground beside a moving vehicle helps you judge its__________. 32.Correct: speed 33. 34.Question: 12 Aggressive drivers__________two to four times more people than alcohol-impaired drivers. 35.Correct: injure 36. 37.Question: 13 Inattention is a general lack of__________the task of driving. 38.Correct: focus on 39. 40.Question: 14 Which factor can affect an individual’s BAC? 41.Correct:...
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...Jerry Spinelli’s book Crash, Crash changes a great deal in a long period of time in unexpected ways. When Crash was a child he was extremely aggressive and judgmental. Crash is like this when:“ ‘I don’t play with guns’ [said Penn] I didn't take it [...] and shot him right between the eyes” (Spinelli 13). It proves that he's very hostile and he doesn’t respect Penn’s “not playing with guns” belief, so it shows he doesn't respect others opinions. Since Crash beat him in water guns he will want to keep beating him, making Penn the victim of Crash’s pranks and later, bullying. Eventually, Crash becomes more egocentric and brutish than ever. After Jane rejects Crash in favor of Penn at a dance, Crash “took a quick half step [...] and rammed into...
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...Compliance Program / Annual Procedure Review Rule 206(4)-7 of the Investment Advisers Act creates a fiduciary responsibility for investment advisers to review annually their policies and procedures to determine their adequacy and the effectiveness of their implementation. As part of this review, all policies, procedures and responsibilities of an adviser must be reviewed, and the findings documented. The review should consider all factors that might suggest a need to revise the policies and procedures including any compliance matters that occurred during the year, any changes in the adviser’s or its affiliates business activities, or changes to applicable regulations. Reviews should be conducted by independent individuals (e.g., the department manager) not immediately responsible for implementation of a particular procedure. An overall review and approval of the adviser’s policies and procedures should be completed by the Chief Compliance Officer and should be submitted to the adviser’s Management Committee or Executive Officers for Final Action. |Procedure | |Summary & |Recommended |Reviewer & | |Completion Date & | |Reviewed |Findings |Conclusions |Change/Update |Date of Review |Review by CCO |Final Actions ...
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...The goals of a literature review are to provide the reader with a critical analysis of scientific literature about a specific topic or question. Writing a summary about other works can demonstrate the depth of familiarity of a chosen topic. In order to further one's understanding, or research, studying the works of others is important because multiple disciplines may have competing explanations for a given subject. Literature review is also structured in a particular style that creates a uniform way for writers to articulate their ideas in a fashion the reader is familiar with. Craig Anderson uses the APA guidelines to create a clear structure for his review studying the effects of heat and violence. The structure of a literature review typically follows a certain format and order. In Anderson's, review Heat and Violence, he starts this process with a title that describes what the article is about. Following the title of the paper is an abstract, or overview, of what the entire article is about. Because there are a number of...
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...National Transportation Safety Board and Federal Aviation Administration were on the scene of the crash at an airfield north of Reno. Proximity to the planes is a draw for the race, which advises on its website, "Always remember to fly low, fly fast and turn left." Draper said the planes sometimes fly at high speeds "about 50 feet off the ground and it's an exciting, exciting sight." The thrill has been a deadly one on occasion, with a total of 28 people killed in the history of the race flown every year in Reno since 1964, Draper said. "The Reno Air Racing Association extends its most sincere heartfelt condolences and sympathies to all of those affected by yesterday's tragic events," the association said in a statement. Leeward was the son of a pilot and his own sons have also flown planes. He worked as a stunt pilot on some movies, including the 2002 release "Dragonfly." The NTSB also was investigating the Martinsburg crash, which came as six T-28 aircraft were flying in formation at the Thunder Over the Blue Ridge Open House & Air Show. A witness said one of the planes dropped and then rolled onto its side before crashing. The T-28 was used as a trainer by the Navy and Air Force between 1950 and 1984. The Reno and Martinsburg crashes were the latest in a spate of fatal air show accidents since August. Last month, the pilot of an aerobatic airplane died in a fiery crash in front of shocked onlookers at a weekend...
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...Drunk driving and devising ways to prevent it have been a long standing issue in our society, and rightfully so. However, there are individuals far worse dangerous to have behind the wheel of a motor vehicle. As reported in the American Journal of Public Health, a journal dedicated to the publication of original work in research, research methods, and program evaluation in the field of public health, Dr. Fernando Wilson and Jim Stimpson, in collaboration with the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), affirm that a person that is texting while driving is 23 times more likely to be involved in a car crash than a drunk driver (2010). Between 2005 and 2008, distracted driving fatalities increased more than 28% nationwide (Stimpson & Watson, 2010). Driving while texting has become an undeniable danger as these figures support. It is for this reason, as reported in the Dallas Morning News, that Texas lawmakers recently passed a bill, 124-16, to ban texting while driving (Hoppe, 2011). This bill has now gone on to seek much needed approval from the governor, Rick Perry. With so much support coming from the Texas House, it is expected for the bill to pass. However, one must keep in mind that Governor Perry has a penchant for vetoing bills, as was evident back in 2000 when he vetoed a record 83 bills in one day (CBSDFW.com, 2011). As of right now the state of Texas currently has a no-texting policy for licensed drivers under the age of 18 and anyone driving in a school zone (Hoppe...
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...Maquillez Glover Prof. Atkinson English 1101 7:00 28 October 2013 Textual Analysis No matter what car someone is driving, a seat belt is the most effective and safest thing to wear. According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), one in seven people do not buckle their seat belt when entering the car, and no matter how many times those people might get tickets or hear about fatal accidents and victims involved not wearing their seat belts, those people still refuse. Seat belts can help save lives; in 2009, 33,000 people died in a car accident and 2.2 million people were injured and half of those people were not wearing a seat belt (“Policy Impact…”). Also, seventy percent of those people involved in the wrecks were driving a passenger vehicle or truck (“Policy Impact…”). Even if someone is in the back seat of the biggest pick-up truck, they need to put on their seat belt, because any crazy accident can happen. Just like in any other car, a truck is likely to flip when involved in a wreck or losing control of the vehicle. In the ad posted by Kentucky State Police, buckling up in a truck is extremely important. The ad is implying that it does not matter how tough the truck looks, as long as the person is buckled up inside, the truck with be “tougher”. On the ad it states, seat belts reduced fatalities in trucks by eighty percent. To help show that the truck would be tougher, the bed of the truck and the cab are separated, and attached to the bed is a seat...
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...TrafficLoad 03-10-2011 (3 october that is) This is a simple traffic loading fix, for people who have modded cars and get the issue of always the same car appearing. It is also a welcome addition for people who wish to have more diverse traffic and/or want more control of the amount of traffic appearing. Installation You will need an asi loader and aru's Scripthook, or something similar. Be sure you GTA IV can load .asi scripts. This script has been tested on 1.0.3.0 (with ScriptHook 0.4.0), 1.0.4.0 (ScriptHook 0.4.0) and 1.0.7.0 (with ScriptHook 0.5.1). To install this mod, copy the files TrafficLoad.asi and TrafficLoad.ini in your GTA IV folder. Remove all older or other versions! TrafficLoad.ini configuration You can specify your own values for both pedestrians and cars in the .ini. It is also possible to modify the amount of cars loaded before models that aren't used anymore are wiped from memory. Extra cars When you have no added cars installed, no modification is needed. If you do have added cars, look in the .ini for clarification. Up to 15 cars can be added. Trouble? If the mod does not load, check ScriptHook.log for possible messages, or the lack thereof. If nothing is loaded, be sure to right click the file and check for any security measurements Windows Vista and Windows 7 apply. Remove those, they prevent the file from getting loaded. When it still doesn't load or it loads but a weird memory address pops up in the logs, copy and paste MSVCR100D.dll into...
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...Movie Analysis John J. Sullivan Rasmussen College Author Note This research is being submitted on, September 19, 2014, for Heidi Croatt’s G141/COM1002 Section 01 Introduction to Communication - 2014 Summer Quarter. John Sullivan [Final Draft] September 19, 2014 The movie CRASH covers thirty-six hours of encounters between people of different races. Within that thirty six-hour period, interactions between strangers turn into heated racial arguments, full of hatred, fear, compassion and understanding. The movie portrays interactions between people of different races and some of the same race, causing tension and racial slurs. The movie illustrates that whenever race is an issue conflict in communication is inevitable. Communication through facial expressions/gestures is the only form that does not seem to have a racial barrier. Communication is an important factor in everyday life. However, in the movie, crash communication between the individuals created misunderstanding aggravated by racial differences. This is displayed right away in the first seen where two cars crash. Ria, a Puerto Rican detective who was driving her car, was rear-ended by an Asian woman. The following argument ensued, (Haggis, 2004) Motorcycle Cop: Calm down, ma'am. Kim Lee: I am calm. Motorcycle Cop: I need to see your registration and insurance. Kim Lee: Why? Not my fault! It's her fault! She do this! Ria: [approaching] My fault? Motorcycle Cop: Ma'am, you really need to wait in your...
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