...Criminal Justice System Paper Introduction In the field of Criminal Justice in America it is important to explore the parts of the criminal justice systems and the processes that occur. Many of the parts and processes in the Criminal Justice System shall be discussed in this work. Crime will be defined in relation to the law. Models of how society views acts as criminals will be reviewed. Choice theories will also be revealed in this work. The Instruments and government structure in relation to criminal justice shall be reviewed as well in this paper Criminal justice is exciting to review. Crime What is crime? Crime has an important definition with an important relation to the law. Crime is not defined by any one individual. It is important to explore what crime is defined as in society. Crime is, conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse. There is no justifying or excusing these acts (Schmalleger, 2009, p. 7). Crimes definition plays a major role in determining which acts are criminal as well as the models that are presented. Government Structure The government is structured in such a way as to support the Criminal Justice System in America. The first part of that structure is the Constitution. The Constitution outlines laws, freedoms and power to several governmental agencies. Government first plays a role in making laws. Then insure enforcement...
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...Criminal Justice Models Paper Criminal Justice Models Paper There are three models within the criminal justice process. The first model is called the funnel model. The funnel model is wide at the top, and tapers down to a narrow end. The funnel model illustrates the fact that the number of crimes that are processed through the system decreases at each step due to case attrition. The criminal process begins with a crime being committed. The main benefit of the funnel system is that it prevents the criminal justice system from becoming overcrowded. Since there is a decrease in the number of trials and people incarcerated, the system saves money and man hours. A misconception about the funnel system is that it lets criminal off. The second model is called the wedding cake model. The wedding cake model illustrates how cases are sorted into layers depending upon their seriousness, with less serious cases forming the bottom layer of the cake and more serious cases forming the smaller layers on top. The wedding cake models assists in understanding the operation of the criminal justice system. How these cases fit into the overall justice system leads to a clearer understanding of the mechanics of the judiciary. The very top of the cakes, which is the smallest layer represents famous cases that attract a lot of publicity and, unfortunately, contribute to public misinformation about the criminal justice process. The layers of the wedding cake model illustrates two important points...
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...Standards Research the Internet and locate at least one real-life example of each of the following: • Prosecutorial misconduct • Ineffective assistance by criminal defense counsel • Judicial misconduct Select and complete one of the following assignments: Option 1: Paper Option 2: Presentation Option 3: News Article Option 1: Paper Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper in which you summarize each example and address the following questions: • What did the prosecutor do wrong? How does immunity protect the prosecutor from the consequences of his or her misconduct? • What did the criminal defense attorney do wrong? What is the Strickland v. Washington standard? Refer to Ch. 10 of Courts and Criminal Justice in America. How do the performance prong and the prejudice prong of the Strickland standard apply to the example? • What did the judge do wrong? Which judicial selection option—either appointment, election, or merit—would help to reduce instances of judicial misconduct? • How does the misconduct or ineffectiveness of these courtroom participants reflect or thwart the crime control model of criminal justice? How does the misconduct or ineffectiveness of these courtroom participants reflect or thwart the due process model of criminal justice? Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Option 2: Presentation Create a 10- to 12-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation, with a minimum of 100 words of speaker...
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...Criminal procedure policy paper CJA/364 DEC/19/2012 Susan Strick Criminal procedure policy paper Criminal procedure is broken down into two models and was designed by a professor who studied law at Stand Ford University his name was Herbert Packer. The first model is due process, this process believes in the rights of the individual this will be known as politically liberal. The second model is crime control this supports to regulate the conduct and behavior of individuals. This is considered politically conservative. These models are intended to embody the sets of different values that run the criminal justice system. In this paper both of the criminal procedure will be discussed and compared to show the similarities and differences. This will also be a way of figuring how the effects of policies in the criminal procedure this will be done by looking at the amendments made in the constitution of the United States looking at the fourth, fifth and sixth amendment and also the fourteenth. The fourteenth amendment including the bill of rights will be a critical aspect of achieving the goal of this paper. The procedure that is most used in the criminal proceedings is the due process model. As an individual a person will try to preserve the standard of holding their right to life, property, and liberty. As an individual a person will not let go of the rights without undergoing the right due process promised to them that is stated in the bill of rights. An officer even when...
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...Week 2 individual assignment October 27, 2011 CJA/204 In the following paragraphs choice theories will be described as well as how they specifically relate to crime. Common models on how society determines which acts are or are not criminal in nature and how they impact choice theories directly will also be made known in this paper. The first topic at hand is choice theories. What are choice theories? According to Wikipedia (2011) “the term choice theory is the work of William Glasser, MD, author of the book so named, and is the culmination of some 50 years of theory and practice in psychology and counseling. Choice Theory posits that behavior is central to our existence and is driven by five genetically driven needs, similar to those of Abraham Maslow: Survival (food, clothing, shelter, breathing, personal safety and others) and four fundamental psychological needs: Belonging/connecting/love, Power/significance/competence, Freedom/autonomy, and, Fun/learning” So in short it is safe to say that choice theories would be perspectives on crime causes states that criminal activities are the after thoughts of a conscious decision or choice. Choice theory is also known as rational choice theory. Rational choice theory is when a criminal feels the need to defy the law even though they know the consequences do not outweigh the benefit of doing so. Choice theory states that there is a central behavior to our existence and this is...
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...|[pic] |Syllabus | | |College of Criminal Justice SSecurity Security | | |CJS/220 Version 4 | | |The Court System | Copyright © 2011, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is an introduction and overview of the legal system, the participants, the courtroom process, and post-conviction process of the court system. It demonstrates the connections among participants and how they relate to each other. Additionally, the course covers the history of the court system and the different types of court at the state and federal levels. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the...
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...describing the concept of attorney–client confidentiality and its importance to the criminal justice system. Include a discussion of the major concerns involved in maintaining confidentiality. CJS 220 Capstone Capstone Discussion Question Post your response to the following: This course has taught the law as a “living body.” How do personalities, actions, trends, political correctness, and the moral aptitudes or ineptitudes of society influence the creation of governing laws? Do you think laws are a reflection of society or society is a reflection of laws? Explain your answers. CJS 220 Due Process Write a 200- to 300-word response describing the concept of due process, including how it applies to the criminal justice system. CJS 220 Final Write a 700-to 1,050-word paper in which you describe the appeals process. Address the following: · What is an appeal? · How do appeals factor into the overall criminal procedures and processes? · How can we improve the appeals process? Include at least one example of a real-world case that went through the appeals process. Explain why this appeal did or did not succeed. Format your paper and resource consistent with APA guidelines. CJS 220 Final 1 In this file of CJS 220 Final 1 you will find the next information: Write a 1500-1700 words paper on Fiction Versus Reality. CJS 220 Final 2 In this document of CJS...
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... I will start this paper with a brief history on the crime control and due process models and the relationship with the criminal justice system. As stated on an article by Brandon A. Perron, who is a board certified criminal defense investigator, “The American justice system needs an effective strategy to combat crime,” which has been discussed for years(Perron, 2012). In the article, it states that the primary goals of the American criminal justice system has two primary missions which are: (1) the need to enforce the law and maintain social order, and (2) the need to protect people from injustice(Perron, 2012). However, the two goals are generally considered to be in conflict with each other. The first goal is referred to as the crime control model and was developed by Herbert Packer and presented to the academic workd in his analysis of the criminal justice system in the 1960s. The models place an emphasis and priority upon the aggressive arrest, prosecution, and conviction of criminals. The second goal is quite the opposite which focussed upon protecting the individual rights of the accused and is commonly referred to as the due process model. The are many policies that exist in the criminal justice system. Some of these policies have strong implication than others. Some of these policies can work in favor of the criminal and some of them can work against the criminal based on their track record and history of criminal activity. There is such a...
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...Criminal Justice System Paper Pablo Zausa CJA/204 September 25, 2012 Professor Brent Kagawa Criminal Justice System Paper In CJi module interactive learning, crime is defined “ a conduct in violation of the criminal laws of the state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse.” There are many points of view and controversies in defining what crime is, it is complex and very difficult to agree upon. From a sociological standpoint, it suggests that the concept of crime should include many behaviors that are not defined by laws or the political process. It views crime as any antisocial act the needs to be repressed to maintain society. In psychological standpoint, it suggests that the crime is an individual’s way of expressing the inability to follow the social norms. The psychological view does not care about the traditional elements of crime, if a person cannot respond appropriately or effectively to the demands of the environment, then the individual is criminal or maladaptive. Other people define crime that any wrongdoing and action against the law of God whether as revealed in the Bible, the Koran, or the Torah which naturally recognize as against God’s will irrespectively of what the State of law say it is still a crime. My definition of a crime is any unethical behaviors, actions that a person committed against the law whether it is the State, Federal government, local jurisdictions...
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...Formal Evaluation Model June 30, 2016 CJA 385 Formal Evaluation Model Policy making in criminal justice can be broken down into two main focal points; monitoring and evaluation. During the monitoring phase, this is where factual information about policy goals are monitored. During the evaluation phase, this is where the question arises; did the monitoring phase address the potential outcome of the intended objective? In criminal justice, the formal evaluation model would benefit these types of policies. This paper will summarize the formal evaluation model and explain why it is the most effective evaluation process in criminal justice. This paper will also look at a policy involved with criminal justice and provide reasoning why the formal evaluation process is more practical than the pseudoevaluation and decision-theoretic evaluation. According to Willam Dunn (2012), Formal evaluation is an approach that uses descriptive methods to produce reliable and valid information about policy outcomes but evaluates such outcomes on the basis of policy-program objectives that have been formally announced by policy makers and program administrators. During this type of evaluation the goals and objectives are measurable values, meaning they contain specific and realistic information gathered during the monitoring phase. In criminal justice the formal evaluation process is vital because the effectiveness and efficiency of policy outcomes are defined by legislation, various...
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...Criminal Procedure Policy Paper Devone Calloway University of Phoenix Criminal Procedure Policy Paper “A due process model is a type of criminal justice system which is based on the principle that a citizen has some absolute rights and cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards” ("Due Process Model Law," 2001, p. 1). This model involves two aspects which are procedural and substantive. The main focus of the due process model is the power of the government to protect its society with less focus on the individual liberties of the people. Crime control model is a law that refers to a theory of criminal justice which focuses on decreasing the crime in society through increased police and their prosecutorial powers. Since these two models go hand and hand with criminal justice there will be various opinions of the comparisons and the contrasts. Some of the differences amongst the due process model and the crime control model are that people are innocent until proven guilty in the court of law in conjunction with the due process model. This allows for everyone to be able to receive a fair trial. For those who take the crime control model approach believe that people who are arrested, are guilty and are required to receive punishment by the government. Those who believe in the due process model law feel as though that policing within the criminal justice system is vital to maintaining justice amongst the society. For...
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...Criminal Justice System Paper According to the dictionary, Crime is “An action or an instance of negligence that is deemed injurious to the public welfare or morals or to the interests of the state and that is legally prohibited. (Lexico Publishing, 2012) ”. Any act that is considered to be unlawful and where society has agreed upon a just punishment for such actions when these acts have been performed is considered to be a crime. These crimes may be violent crimes, white collar crimes, motor vehicle violations, even jay- walking or littering. One of the most common models of how society determines which acts are criminal is the crime-control model, which is a perception that stresses the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders. In the late 1960’s, this model was first brought to the attention of the academic community in Stanford University law professor Herbert Packer’s incisive presentation of the state of criminal justice. This model is sometimes referred to as Packer’s crime-control model. The other most common model of how society determines which acts are criminal is the due process model which is a criminal justice perspective the stresses individual rights at all stages of justice system processing. This process is intended to make sure that innocent people are not convicted of crimes. This is an essential part of the justice system in America. Facts are individually and carefully considered for each case to be determined. The police are required...
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... CJS 200 Foundations of the Criminal Justice System Course Start Date: 08/01/2011 Group ID: AAGR0Z9835 Facilitator: Lee Rankin Copyright Copyright © 2011, 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practices. ------------------------------------------------- Course Description This course is an introductory overview of the organization and jurisdictions of local, state, and federal law enforcement, judicial and corrections agencies, and processes involved in the criminal justice systems. It examines the historical aspects of the police, the courts, and the correctional system, as well as the philosophy. Additionally, career opportunities and qualifying requirements, terminology, and constitutional limitations of the system will also be covered. ------------------------------------------------- Course Topics and Objectives Week One: The Criminal Justice System 1 * Define crime and...
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...The paper on hypothesis justice examination 544 2/29/2016 Melba V. Pearson The paper on hypothesis justice examination Within some of the most flourishing societies, Justice is handled with an offender is obtaining punishment. So that the public, within society, can live and humanity and be safeguarded from the criminals. Although in actuality, the people that committed these crimes obtain punishments, which is below what justice demands which by doing that cheats people that are not criminals. In this paper, it will discuss what a few, of the standards of justice speculations, are. Clarify how the standards of these hypotheses vary from conventional utilitarianism, how is justice characterized by current criminal justice organizations and different entities included in the criminal justice framework, how can this change from security. Therefore, that it will help better identify, with the theory of justice analysis and it importances to society and the criminal justice system. The principles of justice theories “Rawls discussed in his theory that libertarianism, also fairness from justice (Souryal S.S, 2015).” He pays attention, to the theoretical model so that Rawls can explain his type of justice. Within the hypnotically from people are mandatory, to pick the primary beliefs of the essential institution of a given civilization. The outcomes options created; from the public within a civilization will each be just also equal...
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...Criminal Procedure Policy Paper John Doe CJA/364 April 12, 2013 James Thomas Criminal Procedure Policy Paper The Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth amendment guarantee many rights to the people in the United States. This paper will explain the key elements that are guaranteed by these amendments. Also to be discussed is how these policies have impacted criminal procedures utilized by courts and police officers. Critical elements needed to meet the end state of this paper are the fourteenth amendment and the Bill of rights. The pursuit of the American dream and happiness are made possible by the laws which are made and enforced by law enforcement from the highest to lowest levels. Without these laws and law enforcers, the liberties which make this country great could easily be violated, ruining the pursuits earlier talked about. The United States Constitution has many amendments which provide protections of American liberties. Out of the constitution, the amendments which are most critical to the protections are the fourth, fifth, sixth, eight and fourteenth. The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments are the key to providing these protections. Crime in the United States would be out of control without a solid criminal justice system. Without a strong criminal justice system and crime being out of control, a life filled with liberties, happiness and freedoms would only be a dream. In order for a society to flourish and provide those liberties...
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