...towards other people is wrong. Fortunately for humanity, there were some special souls that realized society was wrong way before everyone else did. One of these special souls is an author by the name of Mark Twain, who used satire and moral critique to make fun of race relations and new American culture hypocrisies. Mark Twain was a social critic who observed a society filled with bigotry and racism, even after the abolition of slavery. Twain lived in a time when there were two very separate and also very different belief systems. The first is a world where every man is equal and every person is entitled to his or her freedom. The second, and sadly more common, is the exact opposite of the first. In this system you were looked at as either a legit civilized member of society or on the contrary, a savage. This belief is what Mark Twain boldly opposed and attacks in his story, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Throughout the story, Mark Twain uses satire and moral critique to make fun of the racial, religious, and social hypocrisies present in the characters and their resulting actions. As we all know, race relations have been a huge factor in the foundation of New America. Slaves were brought over by the hundred thousands to work and serve in the new world. Even to this day, tension is...
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...Summary and Critique #1 Anna C. Baldry from the Department of Psychology, Second University of Naples, Italy, conducted a study to examine the disruptive behaviors in preadolescents who are directly and indirectly abused at home. The purpose of the study was to determine the independent impact of direct and indirect forms of violence at home. The independent variables are domestic violence and child abuse. The dependent variable is externalizing symptoms. The study was conducted with 532 students (49.7% boys, 50.3% girls) recruited from five different middle schools in Rome, Italy and its surrounding areas. Their ages ranged from 9 to 15 years of age. In this study indirect exposure is defined as exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), perpetrated by either the mother or the father toward the parent. Direct exposure is defined as direct abuse towards the child from the mother or father, and it could be physical, psychological, or sexual in nature. Results from this study revealed that exposure to domestic violence and direct parental abuse is a widespread experience. Externalizing behavior was measured with a 33-item subscale of the Italian version of the Original Behavioral Check List, Youth Self-Report Scale. Preadolescents’ exposure to parental violence was measured with a modified version of the Conflict Tactic Scale adapted for Italian youngsters by Baldry. To measure mother and father abuse against the child, participants had to answer four different...
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...A young man is cutting firewood with a buzz saw in New England. Near the end of the day, the boy’s sister announces that it is time for dinner and, out of excitement, the boy accidentally cuts his hand with the saw. He begs his sister not to allow the doctor to amputate the hand but inwardly realizes that he has already lost too much blood to survive. The boy dies while under anesthesia, and everyone goes back to work. Analysis Frost uses the method of personification to great effect in this poem. The buzz saw, though technically an inanimate object, is described as a cognizant being, aggressively snarling and rattling as it does its work. When the sister makes the dinner announcement, the saw demonstrates that it has a mind of its own by “leaping” out of the boy’s hand in its excitement. Frost refuses to lay blame for the injury on the boy, who is still a “child at heart.” In addition to blaming the saw, Frost blames the adults at the scene for not intervening and telling the boy to “call it a day” before the accident occurred. Had the boy received an early excuse from the workday, he would have avoided cutting off his hand and would have been saved from death. Moreover, a mere half-hour break from his job would have allowed the boy to regain part of his childhood, if only for a moment. Frost’s emphasis on the boy’s passivity and innocence in this situation is particularly significant in the context of the time period. After moving to England with his family, Frost...
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...During the 1920’s, everyone fantasized about one day making it big in America. At this time the first world war had ended and countless lives around the world had been lost. It was a new age in America and people wanted to enjoy themselves through the process of gaining wealth and fortune. America was seen as a place full of opportunities and was an area to be free and prosper, this idea was known as the “American Dream”. However, this was also a time in which crime, racism and war were all still prevalent. The “American Dream” was an idea which moved passed the faultiness in society and focused more on personal gain and happiness. In the novel, The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald critiques the state of the “American Dream” through specific characters who demonstrate different flaws revolving around wealth throughout the entirety of the novel. An important character Fitzgerald crafts to support the claim would be Jay Gatsby. Formally known as James Gatz, Gatsby was just a regular country boy from minnesota who had high hopes of becoming rich from an early age. He has a hard working boy who honorably served his country and later...
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...different elements of the hip-hop culture. There are many similarities and differences between them regarding themes, intent, definition of hip hop generation and black theatre, the impact each play has on the hip-hop generation, and the historical context of each play. Both playwrights do an amazing reflecting an accurate depiction of the hip-hop generation, which embodies gangster rap, regular hip-hop music, dance, and music. Kamilla Forbes is an actress, director, and playwright who wrote and directed Rhyme Deferred. She is the Founding Artistic Director of the Hip Hop Theatre Junction where she focuses on producing and creating works reflecting the hip-hop generation. Her thoughts and passion for hip hop and theatre and the idea that the new hip hop generation was not reflected through theatre, sparked her to began her story and write the play Rhyme Deferred. This highly energetic play engages the audience through dance and breaking down the “third wall” between the actors and the audience. Rhyme Deferred is the story of two brothers, both rappers. The older brother, Kain, is a mainstream rapper and becomes successful. The younger and more talented brother, Gabe, struggles in the hip-hop underground as he attempts to develop his skills. As older brother Kain's popularity begins to fade, he returns to the streets to try to regain his credibility. Haunted by a greedy record label constantly pushing for more product, Kain resorts to stealing younger brother Gabe's notebook of rhymes...
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... In this essay, I will provide examples of why social and economic context must be considered when understanding work and learning. I will also examine assumptions frequently made by Human Resources Management (HRM) and their perspective on the purpose and outcomes of learning and the critiques that challenge these perspectives. Understanding the social context for work and learning contains many variables. Life experiences, level of education, age, ethnicity and language, gender and social class are social factors to consider when understanding work and learning. As an example, “women are less likely to be offered workplace training as part of their jobs. There is an under-investment in training of female employees; factors influencing female participation include family obligations and the concentration of women in low-wage jobs that are least likely to offer training” (Pocock et al, 2011b; Roberts and Gowan, 2007; Livingstone and Sawchuk, 2004 as quoted in Canadian Labour and Business Centre, 2005, p. 11). It’s clear that gender affects how women consider work and learning and the impact on the organization’s output and profits. Canada consists of diverse cultures and ethnicities. New immigrants face language and ethnicity barriers resulting in increased low paying jobs with few learning opportunities. To create working groups of various cultures, belief’s, backgrounds, perspectives and values and not expect to experience conflict would be unrealistic. Men and women...
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...able to express their sexuality more openly than before. Through this evolved sexuality, Michel Foucault, a French Philosopher who studies power and knowledge, reviews how sexuality became what it is by connecting power and sexuality together in his book The History of Sexuality. Similarly, Judith Butler, a feminist philosopher, argues that people should not be identified by gender, instead be viewed as a person through “Subjects of Sex/gender/Desire” in her book Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. In addition, a news report called “Born this way? Society, sexuality and the search for the 'gay gene'” by Simon Copland, suggests that genetics play a factor in homosexuality. As a result, the study of sexuality illuminates that power and sexuality do intertwine because oppressive power has shaped much of our understanding of sexuality. Foucault begins his study on sexuality through the lens of a scientist because he critiques that science is insufficient to explain sexuality since sex is more than reproduction. Science believes that sexuality is pleasure, the act of having sex, and sexual organs. But, Foucault reconstructs this scientistic ideology of sexuality by saying that “the essential point is that sex was not only a matter of sensation and pleasure, of law and taboo, but also of truth and falsehood, that the truth of sex became something fundamental, useful, or dangerous, precious or formidable” (Foucault 56). In other words, sexuality has a deeper meaning...
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...Kin Kang Dr. Tredennick English 330 12/20/13 Cymbeline as Mother When reading through Shakespeare’s tragicomedy, Cymbeline, I tended to want to find the archetypal vices in the heros of the play. Among the most honorable characters: Posthumous, Imogen, Guiderius, and Arviragus, we find that only Posthumous seems to have the only recognizable character flaw in bargaining off his wife for gold. In almost all respects, the children of Cymbeline are perfect characters within the Elizabethan patriarchal ideal. The three of them have an incomplete parentage in the play, having an absent mother, and being displaced in the case of the boys. With the role of motherhood being so very important to child-development, the question becomes: how did these perfect characters get this way without the essential role of the mother? Of course in the heavily misogynistic society, the mother plays the part of enemy even in parenting, as the female body and character is something that must be conquered in order to successfully rear virtuous sons. In this play, this challenge is sidestepped by Cymbeline’s claim to motherhood. In Cymbeline, Shakespeare creates a familial fantasy within which the role of the mother is fully excised from the gender play of traditional Elizabethan parenthood, fostering purely masculine childrearing. Cymbeline takes on the role of the mother, embodying a purer space for child development that rids itself of the female body: the source of contamination to the ideal...
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...SOC 161 April 28, 2015 Critique on Our Guys The novel Our Guys, written by Bernard Lefkowitz, is a very dynamic story about the heinous actions of a dozen middle-class athletes from a small New York suburb against a defenseless mentally handicapped girl. Lefkowitz describes a brutal gang rape involving a baseball bat and broom handle which took place in this unsuspecting town, by these upstanding young group of boys, as the town would describe them. Lefkowitz looks at the incident which took place and then examines the “jock clique” sub-culture that allowed such atrocities to happen, and spawned the scandal to cover it up. Lefkowitz uses the qualitative method in his account of what occurred in Glen Ridge, New jersey. This method is a sociological method that is carried out to study a group of people without a survey. He did use the appropriate methodology to accomplish his goals in telling his story because the town of Glen ridge not much different from any other suburban American town. Like most towns it has its “cliques” and the “jocks” are at the pinnacle of the town. Idolized by the students and a source of pride for the entire town the Glen ridge boys were not like most high school athletes. The “Jock clique” formed at a very early age, and invaded their surroundings taking over where ever they went, whether it be school, games or around town, protected by the “boys will be boys” attitude held by the rest of the town. The boys started showing signs of deviance...
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...like China, Egypt, Iran and more opposing on Europe's approach to harm reduction for drug users (Webster, 2014). Yet it's been proven that countries that actively implement harm reduction rather than criminalizing recreational drugs have had lower rates of drug abuse. Countries like Switzerland who implemented harm reduction found in 12 years ( 1990-2002), the number of new heroin users fell by 82 percent while the overall population of users was down four percent (Mallea, 2014). Portugal is the first European country that abolished all crime penalties on persons who use drugs (Szalavitz, 2009) They replaced jail time with therapy for those battling drug addictions, their results for this decriminalization was five years after the law was passed illegal drug use among teens dropped, HIV infections from sharing infected needles...
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...Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue? (Word count 2,749 excluding bibliography, references) Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychosexual development is based on the idea that parents play a pivotal role in the sexual and aggressive drives that form in the early years of their child’s development. Freud (Freud & Philips 2006) proposed that psychological development in childhood takes place in a series of fixed stages - psychosexual stages. Each stage represents the fixation on a different area of the body and as a person grows physically, certain areas of their body become important as sources of potential frustration, pleasure or both. Freud referred to the instinct or drive which resulted in these fixations as the ‘libido’ and the areas of the body as the ‘erogenous zones’. Freud believed that life was built around a series of tensions and pleasures; believing also that all tension was due to the build-up of this libido, or sexual energy and that all pleasure came from its release (McLeod 2008). In describing human personality development as psychosexual Freud meant to convey that what develops is the way in which sexual energy accumulates and is released as we mature biologically. McLeod further explains that Freud used the term 'sexual' in a very general way to mean “all pleasurable actions and thoughts”. I believe this is a crucial point in helping understand what Freud was saying;...
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...equality beginning in 1963 with Betty Friedan’s critique on the idea that women should receive all of their fulfillment from serving their husband and children in the home. The late 60s marked the rise of student protests and consciousness raising groups in an attempt to change society’s accepted view on the role of women. The second women’s movement ultimately came to a conclusion with the failure of Alice Paul’s Equal Rights Amendment when only 35 of the required minimum of 38 states voted in favor the amendment. Its defeat is largely a result of scare tactics and the fact that women would be drafted to the military, potentially giving them a combat position. Despite the lack of ratifying states needed for the ERA to pass, the second women’s movement had succeeded in changing the attitude towards women working outside the home, a dramatic shift from its former overwhelmingly negative response. Sandberg acknowledges the great accomplishments of historical feminists, but also insists that business is still not finished. Lean In is comprised of all of the struggles women still continue to face in modern America, and outlines what it really means to be a feminist. Still, being a feminist today often goes hand in hand with an assortment of negative implications. Media focus on radical feminists as being representative of all feminists leaves liberal, structural, and multi-cultural feminists out of the spotlight. The trend for news outlets to to attach a false meaning to a term...
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...GS text for a. an answer to an examination question, b. an opening paragraph of an assignment, or c. a background (or scene-setting) paragraph to an analysis or discussion begins with one of the following a. a short or extended definition, b. a contrastive or comparative definition, or c. a generalization or purpose statement General statement – More specific detail – Specific detail – Broader statement “Writing passage begins with a definition; definitions are a common way of getting started. (unfamiliar reader – used to clarify terms / familiar reader – expected you to demonstrate your understanding of complex concepts) Sentence Definition; To what class does (Definition) belong? How is it different / would you define? (Compare / Cause) A term is (a) class wh-word/that specific detail. Indefinite article / before both the term and class Ex) Annealing is a metalworking process / A star is a celestial body A disinfectant is an/the agent capable of destroying disease causing microorganisms. An; it does not refer to a particular representative. The; indentifies or describes the term, some previous mention of other agents. The distinguishing information in the restrictive relative clause - one involves a simple deletion / the other involves a change in word form or an entire word. 1) Enamel, in dentistry, is a hard, white inorganic material (that is) on the crown of a tooth. : the verb to be 2) A collagen is a white, inelastic protein (that...
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...Case Study Critique Through the years the news has reported on several cases similar to the Jackson case. Each time this kind of neglect case is brought to light the public often wonders what happened. The most difficult part of this case is that the children were so malnourished they were not even growing at an average rate for children of their age. How could this have gone on for so long? With the amount of cases that social workers have it is a wonder that they catch any of these neglect cases. The social services system is bogged down with work that each social worker carries a heavy case load and, unfortunately, this means that things go unnoticed. I feel that it is entirely possible that the case workers were asking the right questions however; maybe the parents had all of the right answers as well. When there was no food in the refrigerator maybe they simply explained that they needed to go grocery shopping and had not had time yet. A social worker does not have enough time to figure out who is lying and who is not. Although a social workers main concern is the welfare of the children, they also have to ensure that all of their families are seen in a timely manner. Whether we like to believe it or not our social workers may not have the time to ensure that the children in our system are being properly cared for. I do believe that the nine social services workers that spent time in the Jackson home should have been fired. These people had a...
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...Theories of Gender Development Sam Mathews Freud’s Work: 1. Psychoanalytic perspective has viewed gender, sex, and sexuality in an essentialist light 2. Freud’s psychoanalytic perspective has been “popularized” and has become part of our social consciousness 3. Structuralist—mind has an inherent structure (id, ego, superego; unconscious, preconscious, conscious) 4. “Instincts” drive our personalities—life/sexual and death/aggressive 5. Psychosexual stages “track” our development a. Oral b. Anal c. Phallic d. Latent e. Genital 6. Phallic stage is critical in that a “psychoanalytic dimorphism” occurs a. Oedipal/Electra b. Resolution of these stages is key to healthy maturation 7. Freud’s views of women were conflicted—saw them as inherently pathological yet also saw women as intellectual equals a. Pushed to admit women to the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society when no women had been admitted (Dr. Margaret Hilferding, 1910) b. Disagreed on admitting women to the “common” workforce • “it is really a stillborn thought to send women into the struggle for existence exactly as men. If for instance I imagined my gentle sweet girl as a competitor, it would only end in my telling her as I did 17 months ago, that I am fond of her and that I implore her to withdraw from the strife into the calm uncompetitive activity of my home…Nature has determined women’s destiny...
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