...Cultural frames view conflict resolution practices differently and the processes must be different to be effective. This is why we see peaceful results in some ethnic conflicts and extreme violence in others. The cultural frame includes values and communication is unique to that culture based on assigned values of meaning. Generally, there are two overarching concepts of culture, the individualist and collectivist. While these are generalizations and are not absolute, they provide a basic starting point for understanding how they may react to certain conflict resolution approaches. In this paper, the collectivist culture will be seen through the Sri Lankan Sinhalese, and the individualist cultures will be seen through the American culture. These...
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...Scott Kenyon Baker College Conflict Management Cultural Diversity-Conflict Paper UIN# 105-65604 Cultural Diversity and Conflict Conflict is a normal part of life, there are bound to be miscommunication and differences of opinion when relating to work, family and relationships. How you choose to handle them can change the level of success you achieve in all areas of your life. Now imagine if you are dealing with a person, who has different cultural values than your own. We will cover how these differences affect the outcome of conflict and how you might need to change the techniques used when dealing with conflict to match up with a different value system. With the changes in business to a global market place, it has become more important than ever to understand the changes in negotiations between cultures. The differences in culture break down to five main areas described by Hofstede. These areas are Power distance, individualism, Masculinity, Uncertainty avoidance index and long term Orientation. I found that while there are some similarities, there are areas of great difference between the two cultures. Many of the manners in which we deal with conflict in the west would not apply within the Chinese culture. The first area on the scale deals with Power Distance Index (PDI), which is the extent, by which the power is distributed unequally between the members of a family or within an organization. In the US culture it is scored at a 40 showing a much smaller divide...
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...individualism-collectivism cultural dimension, Pruitt’s negotiation styles model, and Rahim’s conflict management model, this research examines how national culture influence the way people choose negotiation and conflict resolution handling styles through an empirical study of 87 individuals in the U.S. The respondents were divided in two groups: American, and Ethiopians. The results show that the individualism-collectivism cultural dimension did differentiate the members of the American culture from the members of the Ethiopian culture. Among the negotiation and conflict management styles object of this study, the dominating style was found to be preferred by those with high concern for self, whereas the cooperating and the integrating styles were found to be preferred by those with high concern for others. Introduction In order to remain competitive in their respective markets companies around the world are expanding their horizons beyond their original country, and they are increasingly seeking international partnerships and business ventures in different cultural environments. The ability to negotiate across national borders and within the organization has become increasingly important in the past decade, but despite the continuous growth of business globalization negotiation and conflict resolution styles are often misunderstood. According to much of the literature available scholars have conducted substantial research on the subjects of negotiation and conflict resolution over...
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...The main character, Antonio, is faced with culture conflict in his own family due to the fact that his parents are from two completely different backgrounds. The culture conflict seen occurs when both his parents express their different dreams for Antonio. It may not have been so hard to pursue one of his parent’s dreams if he was not the youngest child, but since he is he is the last chance his parents have to live through their children, for neither one of their other children followed the path of life that they wanted. Consequently, both the mother and the father will get in multiple arguments over the path of life they want Antonio to follow. Anaya expresses in his novel when Antonio was being born and both sides of the family went to visit...
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...For example, priests are always doing positive things that will be beneficial. During masses, they are just improving people’s bonds with God and making them grow to become closer to him. Priests are not known to make people feel hurt about themselves. Furthermore, Antonio’s mother is creating cultural conflict in the novel because Antonio has to choose to follow the Mexican culture and become a priest, or follow his father’s dream of him becoming a vaquero. Consequently, unlike Antonio’s father, getting involved with the church is something his mother really wanted him to do. Most kids want to grow up to be just like their parents. Antonio’s father is not a good role model knowing that he does not want his child to grow up with God. Antonio’s...
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...The Intense Cultural Conflicts of The 1920s Throughout the 1920s the United States faced harsh cultural conflicts including controversies with race and immigration. First, in the years leading up to the 1920s racial tension began to rapidly cultivate due to a multitude of reasons including the rapid change in the racial demographic of the northern economy, which up until that point had been principally white. African Americans who had fought in World War I had additionally began to express their want for civil rights due to their contributions in Europe in the war. The previous actions caused the eruption of violence from white mobs in several areas. One of the first cities to see the eruption of violence was Tulsa, Oklahoma which had contained the wealthiest African American business community in the Southwest. The violence commenced after a 19-year-old African American man was accused of assaulting a white female elevator operator which would give rise to a substantial amount of violence in which the number of killed and injured is not completely known with an approximate by the state of Oklahoma stating that 26 African Americans killed, 10 Caucasian killed, and 317 injured. Following the events in Tulsa on New Year’s Day 1923 the small African American settlement in Rosewood, Florida was attacked by a white mob believed to be from Georgia. The death toll from the incident has varying accounts with some newspapers reporting seven deaths and others 21.Hence, the early 1920s...
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...This chapter focuses on various incidents of politics surrounding cultural pluralism and ethnic conflict that have occurred in least developed countries. (LDCs) Cultural pluralism refers to ethnic diversity. It’s defined as a condition in which many cultures co-exist within a society and maintain their cultural differences. It can also be called multiculturalism. Cultural pluralism seeks to overcome racism, sexism, and other forms of discrimination. Cultural pluralism has been closely linked to the growth of the middle class and the emergence of politicians who articulated nationalist or other ethnic aspirations while mobilizing workers and peasants behind that ideal. The fear of and hostility toward other ethnic groups are far older and often more entrenched than modern principles of tolerance or equality under the law. No matter how we may wish for it otherwise, we did not leave violence against outsiders behind us as our nations became modern and democratic. Ethnic minorities have been victimized for hundreds of years. One needs only look to the nineteenth-century frontier wars between White settlers and Native Americans in the United States and Chile. Ethnic Conflict Incidents In the early years of the twenty-first century (2000s), like the first decades of the twentieth century (1900s), much of the Third World suffered from ethnic, racial, and religious tensions periodically punctuated by outbreaks of brutality and carnage. When progress was made in one...
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...CASE –iv Conflict in close quarters Overview of the Case Study (3 slides) The case study was an experiment to study the dynamics of isolation in long-term space travel by a team of psychologists at Moscow's Institute for Biomedical Problems (IBMP). Within the confines of a replica Mir space station, three international researchers, including a Canadian, Japanese and Austrian participant were isolated with four Russian cosmonauts for 110 days. At the New Year's Eve party, the participants partook in the drinking of vodka, which was allowed by the Russian space agency. What evolved was a series of events which involved violence, sexual harassment, and questionable ethics. A violent fight erupted between two of the cosmonauts, which was resolved quickly. Later, the Russian commander aggressively kissed, twice, the only female participant, Judith Lapierre. All three of the international participants appealed to the IBMP regarding the Russians behaviour, requesting disciplinary action. The experiment ended in controversy as the Russians downplayed the kiss, saying it was a fleeting kiss and blaming an emotional female participant whilst Lapierre claimed sexual harassment. Thus, was it really sexual harassment or a stolen kiss? Or is the question here that the parties involved here had attached different meanings to the same incident. Cultural differences amongst the participants led to the conflict, which were exacerbated by the influence of alcohol. The Russians...
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...1. Nature of conflict Examples: 1. ‘Conflict is inevitable.’ 2. ‘Conflict occurs between the powerful and the powerless.’ 3. ‘Without conflict, there is no progress or change.’ 4. ‘Conflicts from history can teach us many things about ourselves and the times in which we live.’ 5. ‘Social order can deteriorate into conflict and anarchy with disturbing ease.’ 6. ‘Conflict is a destructive force in our lives.’ 7. ‘Conflict is an unavoidable part of being human.’ 8. ‘We need some degree of conflict and tension if we are to experience the richness of being fully alive.’ 9. ‘Conflict is a clash of expectations.’ 10. ‘Conflict is a fear of difference.’ 11. ‘When conflict occurs the group becomes more important than the individual.’ 12. ‘Conflict is not all bad.’ 13. ‘Some conflicts are unavoidable.’ 14. ‘Conflict can be character-building.’ 15. ‘The most dramatic conflicts are often personal.’ 16. ‘There are rarely two clear cut sides in human conflicts.’ 17. ‘Conflict can corrupt.’ 18. ‘Conflict is an inherent part of life; it is not necessarily negative.’ 19. ‘Conflict is a true test of human relationships.’ 20. ‘Conflict is the true test of someone’s inner strength and understanding.’ 21. ‘It is not always easy to distinguish the innocent from the guilty in situations of conflict.’ 22. ‘One conflict always contains the seeds of another.’ 23. ‘History is shaped by conflict.’ 24. ‘There is always more than one side to any conflict.’ 25. ‘Societies that...
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...Interpersonal Conflict in Spanglish Dolores Franquiz COM200 Instructor: Katherine Tracy September 30, 2013 The film Spanglish portrays many different interpersonal conflicts among the characters. Interpersonal conflicts is between two or more people it can be personal, an angry disagreement. Conflict can involve emotions and feelings and in the film Spanglish both of these where discussed. (Making Connections: Understanding Interpersonal Communication; Kathy Sole) The first conflict that is evident throughout the film was the language barrier and different cultural background. In the film one of the most noticeable conflicts occurs between Flor, the house keeper, and Deborah, the mother. The movie is constructed on the struggles of relationships, with others characters of the film and within themselves. Flor's personality and parenting methods conflict with Deborah's approach. This conflict resulted in a personal and cultural battle. The conflict between Deborah and Flor increases over time because Deborah is neurotic and her behavior is often irrational and it is upsetting to both the Clasky family and Flor. Flor speaks no English when she starts to work for the Clasky family as their housekeeper which presents a challenge and it is also another form of conflict. The Clasky’s have two children, George and Bernice, the famous chef and father John played portraed by Adam Sandler and, the alcoholic grandmother, Evelyn. During the summer the Clasky’s rent a summer...
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...Journal Two: Identifying Conflict in Two Texts Read About Journals in ENG125: Introduction to Literature for more information about the purpose and expectations for journals. This week, you continue writing your journal entries. This journal entry is designed to help you document ideas about conflicts in literature, which will contribute to the information required for the Week Three Draft and the Week Five Literary Analysis. Recognizing conflict is essential to understanding the various commentaries literature can provide. In Journal One, you identified conflict as it might appear in our everyday world and from other sources. Now, consider the following definition of conflict and how it relates to literature from the textbook or the story/poetry links provided under the requirements for the Literary Analysis: Conflict is opposing actions, ideas, and decisions that hold a plot together...the struggle that shapes the plot in a story. Chapters 1-7 of our text contain a number of stories and poems, each of which rely on at least one conflict. Choose two of this week’s assigned literary works and write about the conflicts presented in each of them. In 250 to 500 words Individual versus Society --- “Still she had come down the road toward the big white church alone. Just herself, an old forgetful woman, nearly blind with age” (para 3.1,2) --- appears to be the main conflict in Alice Walker’s narrative ironically, yet metaphorically named "The Welcome Table”. The...
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...page paper is based on a case study supplied by the student. Nicholas Piramal India Ltd (NPIL) has acquired Avecia. The post acquisition merger is going badly, with a clash of cultural styles. The paper assesses how and why there are problems and looks at the way the problem may be resolved. The bibliography cites 2 sources. Michael Fernandez, director of special operations in the pharmaceutical company Nicholas Piramal India Limited (NPIL), schedule a meeting with three of his reports, whose personal conflicts with each other, cause its business development function to fail. He is struggling to learn how to deal with these conflicts and combine three in productive cooperation work. Fernandez is responsible for turning NPIL acquisitions in Canada and the United Kingdom market NPIL worldwide. His three direct reports, each involved in different aspects of NPIL – Canadian operations, the British operations and global business development, and it explores the dynamics between the two teams. If Fernandes can resolve conflicts, the integration of acquisitions is in danger 2. Why is conflict occurring? Even at the beginning of the acquisition, the structure of the company is already unclear and complex. Three different plants were independent companies and completely separated. Firstly, cultural conflicts between different companies and also among three management seniors have become a sever barrier for effective operations and communications for the management of the company...
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...that transplanting peoples to new soil might be beneficial to their mental, social and financial well-beings, creating a shift in fortune. Nevertheless, as a young child, Jhumpa Lahiri experienced similar feelings to her fictional characters within the literary work, struggling with a divided identity as a product of cross-cultural diffusion. Her knowledge of alienation and variance from the norm, adds depth to the conflict, strengthening the atmosphere and emotions surrounding the eight detailed accounts. Her grave experience as a child is reflected in her character’s frequent oscillation between two antagonistic lifestyles. For juvenile readers, Lahiri’s words describe complexities involving migration patterns, cultural issues, alienation, and generational differences, which is reinforced by use of imagery, numerous point-of-views, conflict, irony and diction. The first story in Unaccustomed Earth identifies the relationships and conflicts surrounding Ruma, a well-educated second-generation immigrant, who lives in Seattle with her American husband, Adam, and her son Akash. Throughout the beginning of the short story, generational and cultural conflicts are revealed as Ruma’s father arrives for a short visit. A widower growing up in Bengali, Ruma believes that her father maintains strong indigenous values. However, her assumptions of her...
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...First edit of Research article How to avoid conflict in the implementation of governmental services in the multi-cultural suburb of Hout Bay. Abstract South Africa is a very diverse society. This is primarily because of our history in trade and the fact that colonialization happened bringing many different nationalities to our shores who subsequently took root here and further interbred creating the many different cultures which we have today. Historically this led to major conflict and due to this conflict a system of apartheid was created to try and address the differences in cultural issues and supposedly to create harmony amongst the separate groups by living in separation. As we now know in hind sight however apartheid was certainly not a solution and was a major violation of the human rights of the African races and even now twenty years after the fall of apartheid, we are still dealing with the residue social problems and economic differences and struggling to find a way to exist cooperatively and peacefully together. This research article therefore is based on what could be a perfect example of what happens when the government attempts to provide one major service for a geographical area which includes three very distinct sub groups and races. Due to out history of apartheid, our society is unfortunately not equal and some groups are economically more advantaged than others. No one group however can...
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... which involves resistance of group members to assigned task. Third stage is norming, which exhibits stableness, willingness to work as a team and address conflicts. Fourth stage is performing, which shows team’s understanding and approach to solving problems mutually (ftp://ftp.hrsa.gov, n.d.). In my opinion, group in the given video is exhibiting the characteristics of forming and storming stages. It is evident from the leadership techniques and dynamics used by the leader in a group that he is trying to form the group, establishing trust, striving to make everyone feel comfortable with each other, breaking ice, and creating a link between members from diverse background in order to achieve established goals. I believe leaders play a vital role in establishing and maintain the group. They must set examples and apply techniques to hold group together and work through conflict situation as the leaders shown in the video. In this video leaders have applied the strategy of dyads to initiate conversations among members in order to develop unity. It was also useful in maintaining the focus and concentration of members on their assigned task (Corey et al., 2006). Video has also focused on other techniques used are linking to create a bond or relationship among group members as the leaders made people from diverse cultural background to stick together in a group in order to make...
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