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Danish Tv's History (Notes)

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Dansk tv’s historie * Danmarks første kanal hed statsradiofonien/Danmarks radio og var i starten den eneste kanal der kunne vises.
Dansk tv i Monopolperioden * Danske politikere besluttede man skulle lave et forsøg med fjernsyn i Danmark. Fjernsynet havde premiere i den 2.oktober 1951 * Man fandt ud af at man kunne tjene godt på fjernsynet, og måske endda som eksportvare. * Der blev kun sendt fjernsyn 3 gange om ugen, tirsdag, torsdag og lørdag. Én time om dagen, mellem 20.00-21.00 * Men i marts 1952, var der kun solgt 165 fjernsynsapparater * Man ændrede sendetiderne, så der nu blev sendt fjernsyn hverdag. * Nu skulle fjernsynet bredes til hele landet, og man oprettede nu flere sendermaster i Gladsaxe, Århus, Sønderjylland, Ålborg og Bornholm. * Herefter oplevede Danmark for første gang økonomisk fremgang efter efterkrigsårene. * Nu oprettede man, efter engelsk forbillede, licens. Nu skulle alle husstande, der eget et fjernsynsapparat betale licens, altså betale for kanalerne. * Danmarks radio bevarede deres monopol i 30 år. * Danmarks radio var politisk styret, man mente andet ville være farligt, når fjernsynet var sådan et stort medium som det var. Man mente at det kunne føre til moralsk degradering og politisk manipulering. * I 1950’erne blev det muligt at optage programmerne med Ampex-båndmaskinen. * Farve tv’et kom i 1970’erne * Og i tresserne skete der større udviklinger i DR. (nyt personale, ny viden)
Dansk tv i opbrud – fra en, til mange kanaler. * satellit-transmitteret tv begynder i 1980’erne. * DR’s monopol periode slutter i 1980’erne og en anden station ved navn ’’loven og forsøg med lokalradio og lokal-tv’’ etablere i 1981 flere tv-stationer. * Mere afgørende blev beslutningen folketinget tog i 1986 om at etablere en ny delvist reklamefinansieret og offentligt eget tv station, TV2. * Den 15. Oktober 1988 havde TV2 premiere * Kanalen fik succes og overhalet DR med seertal. * DR var i kriste * TV2 adskilte sig fra DR’s model * Finansieringsmæssig modtog TV2 kun begrænset udstrækning licens. * TV2 blev primært finansieret via reklameindtægter. * Programmerne måtte ikke afbrydes pga reklamer, og der blev lagt et loft over hvor mange minutters reklamer der måtte være. * Stationen blev placeret i Odense * Man ville bryde københavneriet, som havde karakteriseret DR * TV2 var knyttet til 8 lokal stationer der var spredt ud over hele landet. * TV2 ’s egenproduktion skulle være stærkt begrænset. * Programmer skulle produceres af private produktionsselskaber. * Kun nyheder skulle være produceret af TV2 selv. * Men TV2 skulle også følge public service reglerne og de betød de skulle sende tv for alle og sende dansksprogede programmer. * Der blev etableret kabelnetværk og antenneforeninger. * Der kom også andre små privat ejede tv-stationer, der havde indtægter ved reklamer og seerbetaling * Det gik pludselig stærkt og den 31.12.1987 havde skandinavisk TV3, der kunne ses i Danmark premiere på staelit-tv. * I 1989 blev det afløst af et rent dansk TV3 * I 1994 indledte DK4 sin udsendelsesvirksomhed * I 1997 åbnede en ændring af loven om lokal-tv mulighed for et samarbejde mellem lokale tv-stationer, dette havde været forbudt tidligere, * TVdanmark blev oprette, var et samarbejde mellem 9 danske lokalstationer. * TV3 OG TVdanmark oprettede søsterkanaler. * TV3+ kom tilverden i 1996, og i 2000 kom Tvdanmark1 (med base i England) * Det gamle TVdanmark kom nu til at hedde TVdanmark2 * TVdanmark skiftede i 2004 navn til kanal5 * Den kommercielle tv-station eksistere alene for at tjene penge, hvor den offentlig ejede har formål at lave tv inden for nogle politiske fastlagte retningslinjer. * I 1996 var DR’s markedsandel på 27%, mens TV2’s lå på 41% * Det betød alvorlige krise for DR * Man fandt en løsning i 1996 hvor DR2 blev oprettet, og med denne kanal kunne DR opretholde sine public service-forpligtelser som kunne sende alle de undertiden kedelige, undertiden eksperimenterende programmer. * I løbet af nogle år var DR igen tilbage og TV2 og DR1’s markedsandel lå nu tæt. TV2 lå stadig forrest * TV2 fik problemer med at modernisere sig, og deres unge seer flygtede til de kommercielle stationer og til DR2 * TV2 oprettede nu i 2000 en kanal ved navn TV Zulu for at vinde sine unge seere tilbage. * De satsede alt på crazy humor og amerikansk sport * I 2004 oprettede TV2 nu en kanal ved navn TV Charlie der skulle henvende sig til den ældre målgruppe.
2004 - Et turbulent år for dansk tv * 2004 blev et turbulent år pga regeringsskiftet i 2001 hvor vi fik en VK-regering. * Der blev besluttet et salg af TV2, TV2 skulle gøres til en statslig aktieselskab med navnet TVDanmark 2 A/S * Det betød det var slut men licensindtægter til TV2 i 2004 * Mens de 8 regionalstationer stadig skulle modtage en del af licensen. (2005: 11%) * TV2 blev dømt til at betale 600 millioner kr. Til statskassen, For ikke at have brugt alle deres licensindtægter til at producere public service tv for. * I 2004 kom DR i en usædvanlig situation. Bestyrelsen fyrede DR’s øverste chef. Sagen handlede om bugetoverskridelse. * Et flertal i bestyrelsen gik med til en såkaldt bred public service. Som indebar at DR skulle sende alle sags programmer. * Et liberalistisk mindretal mente at DR skulle skrue ned underholdningsprogrammerne og de udenlandske spille film, de mente at de programmer til det kommercielle stationer, * Den politiske udvikling såvel i folketinget som i EU vil få en afgørende indflydelse for dansk tv.

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