...Comments/Suggestions: CPT 125 Pre-Requisite: Completion of 1st Year Courses Introduction: Systems Design is a central part of systems development. It comprises the process of turning a set of user requirements into an implementable system and encompasses various activities to achieve this end. Alternative models are challenging the traditional systems development life cycle. Alongside this, two approaches to systems development are emerging: the traditional structured approach; and the object oriented approach. The systems design activity will be studied in the context of these trends. Students should make themselves familiar with at least one traditional approach (e.g. SSADM) and one object oriented approach (e.g. UML). Aims: To understand the role of systems design within various systems development life cycles To develop awareness of the different approaches that may be taken to systems design To understand and apply the tools and techniques that are currently used by systems designers Formatted: Superscript Objectives: Describe different life cycle models and explain the contribution of systems design within them Discuss various systems development approaches and explain their strengths and weaknesses 1 30/09/1123/09/10 Evaluate the tools and techniques that may be used by a system designer in a given context Use appropriate methods to produce a system design for a given scenario Provide suitable systems documentation for a design Discuss the CASE...
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...Encapsulation and Abstraction do the same thing but with few differences. Encapsulation mainly encapsulates the object and so hides the details as well as it binds the data. So Encapsulation = Hiding + Binding the data How it hides the data? Real-time Example? Take the example of n-Tier application where we have an additional layer called Business Objects. This layer contains all the entities with their properties. Take an entity name: Employee. This Employee will have the class name "EmployeeBO.cs" and contains the public properties like EmpId, EmpName, Sal ets EmployeeBO.cs So this is the presentation of one property in the Business object class. Now wherever we want this attribute, We just need to create the object of this class and set/get the value of EmpId as: // set the EmpId EmployeeBo objEmployeeBO = new EmployeeBO(); objEmployeeBO.EmpId = 101; // get the EmpId int empId = objEmployeeBO.EmpID; Now the question is where its setting or getting the value? EmpId is the public property in the EmployeeBO class and contain no value. Only _empId contains the value which is private and so it is not accessible. So binding of the data happens to the EmpId through _empID and hiding happends through _empId which is private. The Data is accessed through the Public property while the actual data is in private variable. So binding + hiding using Encapsulation. Abstraction is to ignore the unnecessary details and get the required details. So it also...
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...Answer DQ1: 1. One important challenge during planning and designing a solution is how and when to implement the object-oriented concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction etc. In order to make the code reusable, scalable and user-friendly good design is very important. The structure of the code decides the future maintainability, hence code design and structure should adhere to best practices. 2. Second challenge is to make sure the code compiles and runs correctly and has no technical errors. It is also important that complete functionality be covered. Syntactical errors are very common, but are easy to catch hold of and rectify, but logical errors are difficult to identify. It is essential to read the requirement...
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...expanded concept of data structures: like data structures, they can contain data members, but they can also contain functions as members. Object An object is an instantiation of a class. In terms of variables, a class would be the type, and an object would be the variable. Abstraction Data abstraction refers to, providing only essential information to the outside world and hiding their background details, i.e., to represent the needed information in program without presenting the details. Data abstraction is a programming (and design) technique that relies on the separation of interface and implementation. Encapsulation Encapsulation is an Object Oriented Programming concept that binds together the data and functions that manipulate the data, and that keeps both safe from outside interference and misuse. Data encapsulation led to the important OOP concept of data hiding. Data encapsulation is a mechanism of bundling the data, and the functions that use them and data abstraction is a mechanism of exposing only the interfaces and hiding the implementation details from the user. Inheritance One of the most important concepts in object-oriented programming is that of inheritance. Inheritance allows us to define a class in terms of another class, which makes it easier to create and maintain an application. This also provides an opportunity to reuse the code functionality and fast implementation time. When creating a class, instead of writing completely new data members and...
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...installing a Voice over Internet Protocol otherwise known as (VoIP), and design a Wide Area Network (WAN). The plan also includes the hospital maintaining all Macintosh® computers. Administration/Clinical Overview * The administrative departments run off of a 1000 Base-T Ethernet provided by a CAT 6 cable which is also the entire hospital’s network backbone. Clinical department networks however are provided by a 1000 Base-F Ethernet provided by a single mode fiber. The clinics feed into a Cisco Catalyste 3560 Switch as the network bridge that links the two together. All workstations are Apple iMAC or MAC Pros with the executive management, senior managers, and the data center workstations as having a wireless communication card installed. * IT Data Center * The data center is comprised of the hospital HIS system. The mainframe of the HIS is connected by a 4 gigabit fiber link to a 10 terabyte Network Area Storage (NAS) device. The data center’s workstations are all Apple iMACs that run a MAC OS X from a remote desktop. Virtualization allows for operating Windows and Linux OS or applications. The workstations also run a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). The data center also host a Remote Access Server (RAS), Windows exchange, and Internet server bridged by Cisco routers of which one is assigned as a Virtual Private Network (VPN). * Topology 3 * A traditional LAN standard for...
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...De La Salle University-Dasmariñas College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology Engineering Department- CPE FOUR PILARS OF OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN HOMEWORK NO.3 Submitted By: Depone, Carmela R. CPE52 Submitted To: Mr. Dwight Sabio Instructor Date Submitted: August 4, 2014 ABSTRACTION A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to perspective of the viewer of the system or Only the characteristics of the system that are essential to the problem being studied are modelled; minor or irrelevant details are ignored. Example and Explanation * An abstraction is a model of a complex system that includes only the essential details. * Abstractions are the fundamental way that we manage complexity. * Different viewers use different abstractions of a particular system. * Thus, while we see a car as a means of transportation, the automotive engineer may see it as a large mass with a small contact area between it and the road. What does abstraction have to do with software development? * The programs we write are abstractions. * A spreadsheet program used by an accountant models the books used to record debits and credits. * An educational computer game about wildlife models an ecosystem. * Writing software is difficult because both the systems we model and the processes we use to develop the software are complex. * One of our major goals is to convince you to use...
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...Table of Content TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................................................... 1 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................ 2 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 3 FAULT TOLERANCE IN WSN .............................................................................................................. 4 LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................................................... 6 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................... 7 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 8 SIGNIFICANCE .................................................................................................................................... 10 LIMITATION ......................................................................................................................................... 10 POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTIONS (IMPLICATION OF RESEARCH) .................................................... 11 REFERENCES ..................................................
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...A PROJECT REPORT ON “USER BUYING BEHAVIOR TOWARDS PERFUME” INTRODUCTION In this research we have survey the product performance and buying behavior of the fragrance of perfumes, which are used by people of all ages. During this research we have interacted with people of all ages who use perfume. After this research we came to know how people perceives these products on the variables like price, fragrance, advertisement, satisfaction, packaging, brand loyalty etc. We also came to know which particular brand of perfume is most preferred by people of different age groups. In this research we have surveyed that how frequently and how much perfume they use, whether they buy small, big or family pack. Trend of ongoing changes in their likings has been shown in the report. In this report we have tried to explain the entire research and facts product wise. Advantages of Marketing research Indicates current Market Trends Marketing Research keep business unit in touch with the current market trends and offer guidance for facing market situation with confidence. Pinpoints deficiencies in Marketing policies Marketing Research pinpoints the deficiencies as regards product, pricing, promotion, etc. it give guidance regarding different of marketing. They include product development, branding, and packaging. Explains customer resistance Marketing Research is useful for finding out customer resistance to company’s products. Remedial measures...
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...end result of our own work and that due acknowledgement has been given in the bibliography to ALL sources, be they printed, electronic or personal. ‘’ Contents Introduction 2 Overview of the organisation 3 CLI’s 3PL service provision objectives 4 Main issues raised 5 1. The need for an effective and successful sales pitch 5 3. High spot-rate cost of boat leasing 6 4. Delivery route and shore base operating costs 6 5. Resource requirements for 3PL service 6 6. Establishment of a trusting and reliable partnership 7 Approaches to issues raised 8 1. “AS IS” process documentation and operation analysis 8 2. The Morgan City Benchmark Study 8 3. Cost comparison and utilization of long-term vs. spot-rate leases 9 4. 2 months, 24 hours activity log book 9 5. Drawing of support and expertise 9 6. Information sharing and in-depth study of operational and cost data .…………………………….………………………………………………….………………….…………….…………..10 Effectiveness of approach adopted 10 Recommendations 13 1. Provision of a consolidated logistics service 13 2. Delivery route and shore base operation costs 13 3. Establishment of a trusting, reliable partnership 14 4. Customer Service Audit 15 References 19 Introduction With increasing global competition and the streamlining of the supply chain management functions of businesses, organizations now outsource parts or all of their logistic functions to Third Party Logistics (3PL) providers in an attempt to achieve operational efficiencies...
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...of data warehouse concepts for the proposed Greenville School Hostel Management System. The result of literature review gives us information with regard to the research done on the topic by others researchers. Result of this review will be the gaps that are found in the existing works and the good features that can be suggested for the proposed system. A data warehouse is projected in a way that data can be stored and accessed and is not restricted only to tables and relational lines. (Fink, 1998) As the data warehouse is separated from operational databases, user’s queries do not cause any impact in these systems. Data warehouse is protected from any non-authorized alteration or loss of data. Data warehouse contemplates the base and the resources needed for a Decision Support System (DSS), supplying historic and integrated data. These data are for top managers, decision makers, and partners, donors – who need brief, summarized and integrated information – and for low-level managers, for whom detailed data helps to observe some tactical aspects of the organization. In this way, data warehouse provides a specialized. For a centralized database oracle will be used for storing details of data being brought from different hostel location of the organization and saved into single database using oracle database management system. (BI / DW Insider, 2011) 2.2 BACKGROUND The architecture of data ware housing includes tools, one of those tools which can extract the data base...
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...BIG DATA - THE MANAGEMENT REVOLUTION Summary The general theme of the article is to proof how data-driven decisions are better for businesses as data enables the managers to base their decision on evidence rather than intuition. The idea behind big data is to collect all kinds of data from various sources and to effectively utilize this data to improve the financial and operational aspects of the business. Companies that operate on digital platforms like Amazon are already experts at big data and are using the predictions based on data in a deft manner. The practice of big data should not be confined to companies that operate digitally but should be implied by other businesses as well, as big data is a revolutionary practice that provides data in larger volumes with higher velocity with which data is complied and entailed and the variety in which data is available. Furthermore, modifying a company to be data-driven is not only technologically challenging but poses a copious amount of managerial challenges as well. The decision is usually based on the senior manager who has to know how to answer questions and how to embrace evidence based decision. For a company to re-organize itself to become data-driven, the manager should concentrate on improvising five areas that include, leadership, talent management, technology, decision making and company culture. The author cities instances of big data using examples of airports where PASSUR Aerospace provided a service called...
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...Fourth Paradigm: Data-intensive scientific discovery 2 2. Rowley, J. (2007). Wisdom hierarchy: Representations of the DIKW hierarchy. Journal of Information Science 3 3. Goldman, N. (2013). Towards practical, high-capacity, low-maintenance information storage in synthesized DNA. 4 4. Gray, J. (1981). The transaction concept: virtues and limitations. In: VLDB '81: Proceedings of the seventh international conference on Very Large Data Bases 5 5. Codd, E. F. (1970). A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks. Communications of the ACM 7 6. Chen, P. (1976). The entity-relationship model: Toward a unified view of data. ACM Transactions on Database Systems 8 1. Gray, J. (2009). Jim Gray on eScience: A transformed scientific method. The Fourth Paradigm: Data-intensive scientific discovery Gray states that there is need to distinguish data-intensive science from computational science; he defines an emerging fourth paradigm for scientific exploration. This paradigm is derived from the deluge of data being produced within scientific research fields, and the necessity for tools which can be utilised within the whole research cycle; data capture, curation, analysis and visualisation. He identified that currently the data being produced is not being organised, or published in a systematic way; he states that there is a need for “Laboratory Information Management Systems, which provide a pipeline from either an instrument or simulation into a data archive”. ...
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...The Shore Facilities Planning system is a data base that assists Commander, Navy Installation Command, Navy Enterprises in making decisions concerning the acquisition, disposal and management of its capital assets, Iike facilities, its land and shore infrastructure. The military readiness, effectiveness, and responsiveness of the Navy depend on the availability and condition of its assets. The goal of the Shore Facilities Planning Process is to achieve mission readiness. The Shore Facility Planning Process is a critical part of the Navy's process of maintaining land and shore facilities. It precedes the facility programming, budgeting, funding and implementation phases necessary for prudent management of Navy's facilities. It is a process that analyzes existing facilities and their conditions; the facilities needed to perform assigned mission; existing facilities use; and how to achieve efficient facility utilization, thus minimizing facility footprint. It is a tool used to develop and implement site-specific solution necessary to successfully acquire, maintain, optimally utilize, and dispose of shore assets. It allows planners to locate surplus facilities that may be appropriate to help satisfy other identified facility deficiencies, in order to enhance efficient utilization of existing assets and to improve mission capability. The first slide shows how the Shore Facility Planning System fits into the Navy's broader planning and asset management efforts. The SFPS process consists...
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...There are several examples that show her evidence base framework, this essay will show her contribution to research and nursing development, and show the paradigm that Ms Nightingale hold. The science of nursing has evolved throughout the many decades since Florence Nightingale presented her first theory in 1859. She did not set out to write a theory but her work has influenced nursing practice for the past century and a half (George 2011).Her first focus and data collection was on the manipulation of the environment for the benefit of the patient, this focus continues through today with the prevention of hospital acquired infections such as Foley, CLABS, Pneumonia. With her research she was able to show data which corroborated that if certain environmental settings are not correct patients can have fatal outcomes as in the Crimean war and in the area of Maternal Mortality. Ms Nightingale documented her first concept of clean environment in her 1860 published notes. Through this work she laid the foundation for evidence based practice (Nightingale 1992). One of her most important contributions was to address the care from trained nurses versus untrained nurses which eventually lead to more trained nurses, and her starting a nursing school, she was able to speak on the purpose of the statistics, as she was a passionate statistician and pioneered survey instruments and she was also the first to present graphical data. Ms Nightingale used her power for professional...
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...successor to 3G UMTS and HSPA providing much higher data download speeds and setting the foundations for 4G LTE Advanced.. LTE, Long Term Evolution, the successor to UMTS and HSPA is now being deployed and is the way forwards for high speed cellular services. In its first forms it is a 3G or as some would call it a 3.99G technology, but with further additions the technology can be migrated to a full 4G standard and here it is known as LTE Advanced. There has been a rapid increase in the use of data carried by cellular services, and this increase will only become larger in what has been termed the "data explosion". To cater for this and the increased demands for increased data transmission speeds and lower latency, further development of cellular technology have been required. The UMTS cellular technology upgrade has been dubbed LTE - Long Term Evolution. The idea is that 3G LTE will enable much higher speeds to be achieved along with much lower packet latency (a growing requirement for many services these days), and that 3GPP LTE will enable cellular communications services to move forward to meet the needs for cellular technology to 2017 and well beyond. Many operators have not yet upgraded their basic 3G networks, and 3GPP LTE is seen as the next logical step for many operators, who will leapfrog straight from basic 3G straight to LTE as this will avoid providing several stages of upgrade. The use of LTE will also provide the data capabilities that will be required for many years...
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