...Module 1 Case Assignment on Data, information, and knowledge How data, information and knowledge are related to the concept of knowledge management (KM)? How are they different (please define each one: data, information, knowledge and KM)? What are the potential benefits of knowledge management projects? What strategies should companies follow to achieve positive results in KM projects? KM is the set of procedures that tries to transform an organization's current practices of knowledge processing is known as Knowledge Management. It improves both the practice of knowledge processing and its outcomes in a significant manner. The field of Knowledge Management is the examination of various organizational processes and their effect on knowledge and functional processing and results (Firestone & McElroy). The concept of Knowledge Management doesn't instantly direct, generate or incorporate most knowledge effects rather it just influence an organization’s knowledge processes that in turn affects its knowledge results. The concept of knowledge management is related with aspects like data, information and knowledge as these are its essential elements. All these three aspects collectively result in the practice of knowledge management (Knowledge Management Concepts, Philosophy and Theory). This can also be understood in the following manner and process followed by these three aspects in the practice of knowledge management: 1. Data: It is raw information that exists in several...
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...Getting the right data, information to the right providers at the right time using the right procedure can improve the healthcare industry in many ways. The consequence of not doing so can cause many barriers along the way. The barriers include loss of productivity, inadequate proof of benefit, integration issues just to name a few. There will be a brief summary on how data convert into information and convert information into knowledge, and explain the difference in between the three. Reading, are textbook, the informatics pyramid illustrates the relationship between data and information and how they can be transformed into the creation of knowledge. Data Data is assigned into formats within computers, which means, information systems, use database to...
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...relationship between data and information is an interconnected one. Data is raw facts such as phone numbers or addresses, and information is the organization of these raw facts into a meaningful manner. The information may be well organized on a report or table and yet not always be meaningful to all people. There are different ways to arrange data to make it meaningful for different people. For example, one person might be satisfied with information that shows him or her towns in which their customers live in to help him or her determine where the largest volume of customers are. A different person might want that information expanded to include those customers street addresses as well so that they may determine a better shipping route. Both of these examples contain the same customers and similar data but the first person would have no use for the street addresses in his search and the second person would not have enough information to create a shipping route from just the towns. The type of data used can also affect the information generated. You can gather a great deal of data on the needs of plants to grow but if you do not put the data in the table correctly or put inaccurate data in you will get information that is basically useless. That is the garbage in/ garbage out theory. It is also a good idea when creating a table to group the like characteristics together to make it easier to gather information from the data. Computers now make it easier to input data into tables in...
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...Technology, decision-making processes, and data accessibility have changed dramatically in recent years. This paper will discuss systems and informatics theories. The paper will confer on the Data, Information, and Knowledge (DIK) Model. The role of expert system in nursing care and medicine will be provided. Decision aids and decision support systems are used everyday providing focus, leadership and direction within technology and will be examined. The use of technology for patient and client management will be explored. An analysis of the impact of technology on healthcare and health status will be investigated. Systems and Informatics Theories Systems are “a group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements forming a complex whole” (Systems, n.d., Definition). Systems describe healthcare, schools, computers, and a person. The systems are either open or closed. Closed systems are inoperable to function with others third party products and open systems are designed to allow third party products to plug in or interoperate with the system. Neither system interacts with the environment. Open systems consist of three characteristics; purpose, functions, and structure (Englebardt and Nelson, 2002). Systems can have more than one purpose based on the needs of the user. Functions that the system will need to carry out need to be identified for the system to achieve its purpose. The “systems are structured in ways that allow them to perform their functions” (Englebardt...
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...512 Use of Data Mining in the field of Library and Information Science : An Overview Roopesh K Dwivedi Abstract Data Mining refers to the extraction or “Mining” knowledge from large amount of data or Data Warehouse. To do this extraction data mining combines artificial intelligence, statistical analysis and database management systems to attempt to pull knowledge form stored data. This paper gives an overview of this new emerging technology which provides a road map to the next generation of library. And at the end it is explored that how data mining can be effectively and efficiently used in the field of library and information science and its direct and indirect impact on library administration and services. R P Bajpai Keywords : Data Mining, Data Warehouse, OLAP, KDD, e-Library 0. Introduction An area of research that has seen a recent surge in commercial development is data mining, or knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). Knowledge discovery has been defined as “the non-trivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information from data” [1]. To do this extraction data mining combines many different technologies. In addition to artificial intelligence, statistics, and database management system, technologies include data warehousing and on-line analytical processing (OLAP), human computer interaction and data visualization; machine learning (especially inductive learning techniques), knowledge representation, pattern recognition...
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...|CONTENTS | |KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION AND DECISION |2 | |ASSESSING KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION NEEDS |3 | |INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION |6 | |RECOMMENDATIONS |7 | |DECISION MAKING PROCESS |9 | |STAKE HOLDERS AND DECISION MAKING PROCESS |9 | |STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENTS |12 | |COMMUNICATION |13 | |THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS |13 | |COMMUNICATION PROCESS WITHIN AN ORGANIZATION...
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...Knowledge Management Module Outline This course will develop your knowledge and understanding of contemporary theories and practices of knowledge management (KM) by examining the relationship between a theoretical understanding of knowledge management and real-life situations and by integrating different dimensions of knowledge management arising from human resource management, information systems and strategic management. The course will explain the concept of `intellectual capital’ and how it is managed and exploited in organisations. The course will demonstrate a critical understanding of knowledge management policies and strategies in organisations that enhance effectiveness. You will be able to apply a range of transferable skills including literature search, analytical skills, application of theory to real-life situations, teamwork, motivation and interpersonal skills. Module Aims The main aims of this module are to: Explore the diverse range of definitions and perspectives of knowledge management Explore philosophers in western philosophy and see what contribution they have on the nature of knowledge Explore the different conceptualisations of organizational learning Describe different component technologies found in knowledge management Explain how knowledge management systems can assist in a variety of organizational problems Understand different ways of thinking about strategy Understand the nature of organizational culture Understand effective ways of implementing...
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...MEDWAY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING Programme: Msc. Information Technology Management for Business Course: Knowledge Management and Exploitation Course Tutor: Dr. A.A.F. Al-Shawabkeh Topic Using Data Mining and Knowledge Management to Improve Business Performance By Nurudeen Babatunde Lawal 000620744 Table of Contents Content Page No. Table of Contents 2 List of Figures 3 Abstract 4 Chapter One 5 1.1 Overview of Business 5 1.2 Nature of Business 5 1.3 Business Challenges 6 Chapter Two 2.1 Knowledge and Knowledge Management 8 2.1.1 Knowledge 8 2.1.2 Knowledge management 9 2.1.3 Knowledge Management Process 9 2.1.4 Knowledge Discovery from Database 10 2.2 Data Mining 12 2.2.1 Data Mining Tasks in Knowledge Management 12 2.2.2 Data Mining and Knowledge Management in Business 14 Chapter Three 17 3.1 Implementation Challenges of KM in Business 17 3.2 Limitations of Data Mining Applications 18 3.3 Conclusion 18 References 19 List of Figures Figure No. Description Page No. Figure 1 Forms of Knowledge Organisation 8 Figure 2 Integration of KM Technologies with KM Process Cycle 10 Figure 3 DM and KDD Process 11 Figure 4 Intersection of DM and KM 14 Abstract ...
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...No. 2, July - December 2001 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT A NECESSITY IN NEW MILLENNIUM V.K. Singh NOWLEDGE Management (KM) is now an established discipline that comprises activities focused on a formalised, integrated approach to managing an enterprise’s tangible and intangible information assets, which include knowledge experience and expertise or enterprise knowledge. It addresses the issues of adoption, survival and competence of an organization through synergistic combination of data and information processing capacity. Knowledge Management moves from academic theory to organizational practice, there is a need for clarity on the subject of knowledge and its place in the spectrum of strategic initiatives. The paper focuses on the Macro approach, initiating with the different dimensions of Knowledge Management, purpose of Knowledge Management or what is called managing knowledge for a purpose. K Introduction The emergency of global economy and global trade market has transformed the world into one massive business community. The expression “global village” is no longer a contradiction in terms. It is a reality and credit goes to the emerging information technology. Having missed the full impact of the industrial revolution as a result of more than two centuries of colonization, India is overtaken by the information revolution. Today we live in a society in which information is an essential resource and where knowledge is valuable. Knowledge Management (KM) is now an established...
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........ 2 I. DATA BASES............................................................................................................................................... 2 I.1. Definitions ............................................................................................................................................................... 2 I.2. Major Methods and DBMS...................................................................................................................................... 3 I.3. Information-related issues........................................................................................................................................ 4 II. COLLABORATION TOOLS (GROUPWARE) ..................................................................................... 4 II.1. Introduction & Definition ....................................................................................................................................... 4 II.2. Electronic Document Management (EDM) ............................................................................................................ 5 II.3. Process Management (Workflow) .......................................................................................................................... 6 II.4. Electronic Data Interchange (E.D.I.) ...................................................................................................................... 7 III. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT (KM)...
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...HR THE INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT WINDHOEK-NAMIBIA STUDY MANUAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS CODE: BIS - 3315 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE NUMBER 1. WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS………………………………………….6 2. Strategic role of information systems…………………..21 3. Information systems in organizations…………………..26 4. Computer and information processing…………………42 5. Managing data resources………………………………………..60 6. Networking and information systems…………………..81 7. Systems development…………………………………………………90 8. Implementation of information systems……………….97 9. Managing knowledge……………………………………………….106 10. Decision support systems………………………………………….129 THE STRUCTURE OF THIS STUDY MODULE The Module has margin icons that show the student the objectives, activities, in-text questions, feedback, further reading, key words and terms, stop and reflex signs. Chapter One covers the importance of Information Systems in running today’s organizations. Chapter Two looks at the strategic role played by information systems in today’s organizations. Chapter Three focuses on the impact of Information Systems on the organizational structure and how information systems help managers improve their decision making. Chapter Four looks at the hardware and software requirements for organizations to be able to implement information systems structures Chapter Five looks at the traditional file environments and the rise of the database...
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...Business Process: interrelated, sequential set of activities and tasks that turn inputs into outputs. Metric: quantifiable measures to track, monitor and access the success or failure of various processes. Process Modeling: analyze the processes that capture, manipulate, store and distribute data between a system and its environment and among system components. As-Is and To-Be: want the processes to stay the same or you want them to be completely different or in a different way. Business Strategy: customer, product, WP (how we do it and where we want it to go). Information System Strategy: integration of systems. 7 wastes: overproduction, unnecessary transportation, excess motion, waiting, inappropriate processing, unnecessary inventory, and defects. Analyzing WP: Coordination, Decision making, Communication, Information Processing, Physical Activities. Phases of decision making: Defining the decision problem, gathering information, analyzing the situation, defining alternatives, selecting the alternative, implementing the decision. TQM vs BPR: incremental change vs radical process overhaul. ERP: designed for supporting activities with multi-module application software in a top down approach. ERP driving change: Appropriate-enterprise just starting out, business processes are not source of competitive advantage, enterprise is in crisis (no other choice). Inappropriate- business processes source of competitive advantage, SW features do not fit enterprise need, lack of upper management...
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...Case study: Evolving from Information to Insight A forward-looking company must stay ahead of the technological curve to gain competitive advantage. In this case, the authors, Glover, Sanjay, and Baiju, mentioned business leaders should concern some of the necessary processes to evolve from information to insight (i.e., infrastructure, data capture ability, utilization of the technical ability, etc.). In other words, companies that aim at enforcing more IT strength to thriving should pay attention to the knowledge management, business intelligence, and analytics. Knowledge management is a fundamental factor to get the insight of the company’s innovation. Knowledge management includes the processes necessary to generate, capture, codify, and transfer knowledge across the organization to competitive advantage. (Pearslon, 2013. P327) Glover enriches the context of the knowledge that company need to take into consideration. At first, the types of information (i.e., business process information, physical-world observations, biological data, public data, and data that indicate personal preferences or intentions) and related data accessibility should be included in the management process. As the data streams increasing rapidly, company should pay attention to the data context that will update more information in the data packages. The extra information may deliver a potential signal for new business activity. Biological information, stated by Glover, is being collected now mostly...
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...Introduction to Management Information Systems Summary 1. Explain why information systems are so essential in business today. Information systems are a foundation for conducting business today. In many industries, survival and even existence is difficult without extensive use of information technology. Information systems have become essential for helping organizations operate in a global economy. Organizations are trying to become more competitive and efficient by transforming themselves into digital firms where nearly all core business processes and relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled. Businesses today use information systems to achieve six major objectives: operational excellence; new products, services, and business models; customer/supplier intimacy; improved decision making; competitive advantage; and day-to-day survival. 2. Define an information systems from both a technical and a business perspective. From a technical perspective, an information system collects, stores, and disseminates information from an organization’s environment and internal operations to support organizational functions and decision making, communication, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization. Information systems transform raw data into useful information through three basic activities: input, processing, and output. From a business perspective, an information system provides a solution to a problem or challenge facing a firm and provides real...
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...core drivers of the information age are: Data, Information, Business Intelligence and Knowledge. Data: Data are raw facts that describe the characteristics of an event or object. Before the information age, collecting and analyzing data is a time consuming and complicated task for managers as they used to do it manually. Managers often found difficulty in making business decisions about how many employees to hire, how much material to order. They used to do it based on intuition or gut feelings. In the information age, Managers make more successful business decision by compile, analyze and comprehend massive amounts of data daily. Information: If data is converted into a meaningful and useful context is called Information. Information has a good value when people use it. Having the right information at the right moment in time can be worth a fortune. Having the wrong information at the right moment or the right information at the wrong moment can be disastrous. Business Intelligence: For making strategic decisions, industries analyze patterns, trends, and relationships by collecting information from multiple sources such as suppliers, customers, competitors and partners is called Business Intelligence. Knowledge: Person’s intellectual resources is called knowledge which includes the experience, skills, expertise, information and intelligence. Those who has the ability interpret and analyze information are called knowledge workers. Knowledge workers are valuable...
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