...spiritual liberation. As Buddhism spread through south and east Asia, these differences became greater." Samsara, the "upholstered hell" , it is known in Hinduism as the endless cycle of death and rebirth, and Moksha being the supreme enlightenment, the realization of Atman the one's true self, and the liberation from samsara. Despite the fact that Moksha means Something different in Buddhism, words are meaningless but their meanings aren't. Explanation: "The ultimate goal of the Buddhist path is release from the round of phenomenal existence with its inherent suffering. To achieve this goal is to attain nirvana an enlightened state in which the fires of greed, hatred, and ignorance have been quenched." This is the essence of both religions, freedom from the ignorance of what I call "Blam"Ï. The central core of Buddhist teachings is the Four Noble Truths, which are: 1. All life is suffering and pain. This is more than a mere recognition of the presence of suffering in existence. It is a statement that, in its very nature, human existence is essentially painful from the moment of birth to the moment of death. Even death brings no relief. 1. Desire is the root of suffering. "People become attached to relationships or things they have, and suffer when they experience their impermanence. This impermanence leads to disappointment, which in turn leads to new cravings." My interpretation of this Noble Truth is that we suffer not because we desire but because we desire the wrong things. Meaning...
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...existence of ours is as transient as autumn clouds. To watch the birth and death of beings is like looking at the movements of a dance. A lifetime is like a flash of lightning in the sky, rushing by, like a torrent down a steep mountain.” --Buddha IMPERMANENCE The Buddha saw life as a running stream. A trickle running inexorably downhill whose path is comprised of a series of unpredictable twists and turns which join together to create an illusion of steady flow when in reality every pebble causes a ripple. Ultimately the stream will constantly change and alter its course. The stream we see today is most assuredly different then it appeared yesterday and far different than it may appear tomorrow. Such is life; moving from cause to effect, from one state to another constantly changing and evolving from one moment to the next – impermanent. Buddhism teaches that there are three main truths which must be mastered in order to exist in this world; Impermanence (anicca), Suffering (dukkha), and Insubstantiality (anattaa). It is said that our existence can only be understood if these three basic facts are comprehended not only logically, but in confrontation with one’s own experience (Thera 2006). How might one’s individual experiences allow us to understand the Way of Buddhism? As part of his journey to becoming a Buddhist monk, Kamo-no-Chomei, believed minimization through impermanence was the correct path to finding the Way. His rationale being; to live simply...
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...three marks are made up of dukkha (suffering), anicca (impermanence), and anatta (non-self). These three fundamental values offer a true insight into the reality of life as well as greater understanding. These are expanded on in the Four Noble Truths, which consist of dukkha (suffering), samudaya (craving), nirodha (cessation), and magga (the Noble Eightfold Path). These two The three marks of existence are so important to Buddhist ideology because it gives them a greater understanding about themselves, as well as their purpose in this state...
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...Race / Ethnicity Country Lovers (Gordimer) The Welcome Table (Walker) What It’s Like to Be a Black Girl (Smith) Child of the Americas (Morales) Gender Roles / Marriage The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (Thurber) The Story of an Hour (Chopin) The Necklace (de Mauppassant) The Proposal (Chekhov) Country Lovers (Gordimer) Creativity / The Creative Process Poetry (Neruda) Constantly Risking Absurdity (Ferlinghetti) You, Reader (Collins) Death and Impermanence Dog’s Death (Updike) I Used to Live Here Once (Rhys) A Father’s Story (Dubus) Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night (Thomas) Nothing Gold Can Stay (Frost) In Memoriam (Tennyson) Because I Could Not Stop for Death (Dickinson) Nature Wild Geese (Oliver) Dover Beach (Arnold) The Oak (Tennyson) The Road Not Taken (Frost) Symbolism of the Journey The Road Not Taken (Frost) A Worn Path (Welty) I Used to Live Here Once (Rhys) APA samples and tutorials are available to you in the Ashford Writing Center, located in the left navigation bar. The Ashford Writing Center (AWC) has two kinds of tutoring available to you. Live Chat – If you have writing-related questions about a topic before you draft a discussion post or submit a written assignment, you will now be able to chat...
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...Jenelle Gooden ENG 125 Joseph Hankinson DEATH & IMPERMANENCE August 13, 2013 Death and Impermanence This paper focuses on the similarities and differences of the representation of death and the impermanence in the short story “A Father’s Story” by Andre Dubus, and the poem “Because I could not stop for Death” by Emily Dickinson.” The reader finds two authors who are different, but produces a mental picture of death in the short story and poem. In “A Father’s Story” the main character in the story is the father who ignores his religious belief in order to protect his daughter from the consequences of killing a man with her car. However, in the poem “Because I could not stop for Death,” the author displays how the main character accepted death as a friend and a part of life until the end. The short story discuss the character’s life before it yields into the talk of death; however, the poem talks of death right at the beginning of the poem. The two pieces of literature imply an acceptance of the inevitability of death by both authors. Death, in these two pieces of literature, is more than just absence of the soul from the body. In the poem and the short story, there are three types of death experiences represented: emotional death, spiritual death, and physical death. Exploring these different kinds of death experiences shows similarities and differences between the two pieces of literature. The inevitability of death and the emotions involved are described in both...
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...somewhat the poster boy for British Art of his era. Rarely shown in this country, Auckland audiences will be treated to an exhibition of his work at Gow Langsford Gallery this winter. Although it may be difficult not to mention money when talking about Hirst, the exhibition The Dead and The Souls brings together a selection of editioned works, as well as some impressive originals, which will appeal to those with pockets shallower than Charles Saatchi's. The two bodies of editioned work on show, The Dead (2009) and The Souls (2010) envelop several of Hirst's well known concerns; death and life, beauty and desire with a dynamism typical of Hirst's work. The consecutive series are each made up of a few compositions in various colour-ways and each print is in an edition of only fifteen. InThe Souls butterflies, as symbols for both the beauty of life and its impermanence, become metaphors for faith and death, while the skull imagery in The Dead make overt reference to mortality. Laid out like museum specimens and more or less anatomically correct Hirst has beautified his subjects through the use of block foil printing. "Of The Souls Hirst has said: I love butterflies because when they are dead they look alive. The foil block makes the butterflies have a feel similar to the actual butterflies in the way that they reflect the light. After The DeadI had to do the butterflies because you can't have one without the other". [Bracewell, M. (2010)] The mass of imagery and scintillating colour...
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...the Buddhist concept of impermanence. -the self is made up of the five skandas which are constantly changing: -the body -feelings -perceptions -Desires (dispositions) -consciousness Scriptures: -the Tripitaka : the earliest of collection of Buddhist teachings Tripitaka means three baskets. Mahayans Sutras: reveres the tripikata as a sacred text. Sutras reflect distinctively Mahayana concepts. Lotus Sutra and Heart Sutra: most important to Mahayana. TIBETAN BOOK OF THE DEAD The Tibetan Book of the Dead is most well known to the West. Written by a Tibetan Monk. If chronicles the experiences and religious opportunities a person encounters at various stages” while dying, at the moment of death, during the 49-day interval between death and rebirth, and at rebirth! THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS 1. Life is Suffering – Dukkha * Physical, emotional, and spiritual pain are a part of all human existence * This includes the experience of sometimes feeling alienated or out of place in the world * Buddhism begins with acknowledging this fundamental human reality * Enjoyment is understood in relation to its opposite * Annica – impermanence, everything in the universe is in a state of decay THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS The Cause of Suffering is Attachment –Tanha We get attached to people, things, situations and believe that they are the real stuff of life. None of these things is permanent, each one is subject to impermanence This is not cause of...
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...Explain Nietzche’s challenge to religious authority, and religious responses to him (45 marks) Religious authority is an ultimate source of authority containing accurate and authoritative knowledge about God or a deity who can give guidance on how their followers should behave. There are numerous forms of authority in religion, with God being widely perceived as the ultimate origin of authority (principium essendi). The other three main forms of authority are scriptures, prophets and tradition. Nietzsche challenges the authority of religion through his claim that ‘God is dead’. A claim which yields his entire argument against religious authority, arguments which I will examine further in this essay. This question of the ‘genealogy’ of nihilism leads Nietzsche to adopt an essentially psychological approach to truth claims. However its important to note that psychology for Nietzsche, should not be understood in merely mental terms. Rather, our psychological drives are not essentially separate from the world we inhabit, but continuous with it. Nietzsche crucially distinguishes between two types of psychology, the psychology of the strong ones, i.e., what he calls masters or noble men, who represent strength and power and challenge and victory. And then a slave type psychology, ones who cannot look reality in the face without turning away or needing a ‘comforting figure’. Nitezsche offers two pictures of Jesus whom he viewed as an ‘Ubermensch’ (Superman like). One from the...
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...The Buddha believes that perception often influences how people view death and suffering. Through this perception the Buddha believes that many people are not able to look at life with a clear image. Instead, their viewpoint is tampered by outside experiences that they are not able to release. The Buddha believes that there are four noble truths that can serve as the solution to death and suffering. The first of these truths states that life in whole is suffering. This is elaborating on the many aspects of life that are negative, from stress, to sickness, to death. There are many different causes of pain, sickness, suffering, and death and it is ensured that all these features will be experienced. The second truth is that craving is the source...
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... 1. Pain (Physical /mental) - It is the sort of feeling that you experience when you fall and hurt yourself. Or the normal headaches that you experience. 2. Dukkha Of Change – This sort of dukkha exists because according to the Buddhist tradition the system is in flux (Constantly changing- Anitya). Even Happiness and laughter are considered to be Dukkha as they are not permanent. 3. Dukkha Of Conditions- The world which we live in is conditioned and we are brought up/moulded according to the conditions. According to Buddhism Samsara is conditioned and that is why there is impermanence. Noble Truth Of The Origination Of Stress (Craving) (Tanha) Origin of Dukkha is ‘Craving’(Tanha). Craving can be of three types: 1. Craving for sensual pleasure 2. Craving for existence – It is the craving for eternal life. 3. Craving for non-existence – It is the craving for the end of the life (death/end of all the consciousness) Craving is different from ‘Want’. Craving according to the Buddhism is faulty but ‘want’ is not. ‘Want’ arises out of a rational action which can be expected to bring a result. We do not intensely desire for the result when it’s a ‘want’. ‘Want’ involves free will. While in the case of the craving irrationality takes place. Craving arises out of external compulsion or working against the will or both of the above. Craving leads to attachment (Upadana). Four types of attachment: 1. Attachment to the object of...
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...that she committed that he covered up and keep a secret. Even though there are twists in these two scenes there is ethics that plays a part in them; in the time of need and despair when it comes down to family some are not concern about what the consequences of their decisions are; some of their choices may not be the right ones; some will go to different lengths to protect those they love. First, in the time of need and despair because, when it comes to family some aren’t concern about the consequences of their actions all they know is that they are protecting the one that they love. In “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good night”, this poem is in the elegy form, a lyric poem that expresses the poet thoughts about death, it is usually initiated by the death of someone highly regarded by the poet, the tone in this elegy is somber, the poem laments the loss of the person being remembered (Clugston, 2010). Additionally, some of the choices may not be the right ones to make in “A...
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...There are many themes in Shakespeare’s Romeo & Juliet; the most important themes are love, death and grief. These themes are displayed in the play in a number of scenes and incidents. Romeo and Juliet is the most famous and oldest recorded love story in the English literary tradition. Love is naturally the play’s dominant and most important theme this play may be over 400 years old but, is still relevant today due to popular and common themes in modern times. Shakespeare’s Romeo & Juliet is about two teenagers who fall in love at first sight, but is forbidden and unrequited because the two families (Capulet and Montague) are feuding. The lack of communication between the two in this play leads to both of the lovers taking their own lives so they can be eternally together. Love is unsurprisingly the play’s most overriding and most significant theme. The love that Shakespeare ultimately portrays in the play is a youthful lust that the kind of love that Romeo and Juliet display leads the star crossed lovers to enact a selfish isolation from their parent’s demands and expectations around them. Romeo and Juliet avoid their commitments to anyone else and choose to act selflessly only towards one another. Romeo and Juliet’s youthful lust is one of many reasons why their relationship grows so intense so quickly. Throughout the play, Shakespeare only describes Romeo and Juliet's love as a short-term burst of youthful passion. In most of his work, considering that no other relationships...
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... If we could really understand life, if we could really understand ourselves, we would not have a problem. When awareness of experience is fully operating human behavior is to be trusted, for in these moments the human organism becomes aware of its delicacy and tenderness towards others. To gradually overcome this ignorance, the Buddha counsels such continuous self-examination as to make us wilt at the prospect, but he thought it necessary because he believed that freedom is achieved by self-awareness. 5) (Smith 114-17; 117-19; Diamond Sutra scripture) Explain the ‘no soul’ doctrine and how it relates to Buddha’s concept of transmigration. In addition, what are Buddha’s 3 marks of existence? Explain in particular how the ‘doctrine of impermanence’ (as one of the 3 marks of existence) plays such an essential role in the Diamond Sutra argument for the no-self/no-soul...
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...https://www2.palomar.edu/users/mhudelson/StudyGuides/GreekRoman_WA.htmlProf. Goux ART-5 1 June, 2015 The Mandala: A Comparison of Tibetan Buddhist and Native America Culture Early non-western thought often revolved around the concept of cyclical time. The circularity (a perfection that can never truly be attained in reality due the inevitable variation on the most infinitesimal level) was commonly represented in art and could often be intended to represent cyclical time or the cyclical nature of the world. Mandalas, which are literally translated as circles of essence, were used to represent a sense of order that seemed apparent in the universe at the time of ancient humans. Now, this thought should not be thought of as primitive, like most early western historians would inaccurately assume. The cyclical time and circular order of the universe seemed to be inherent in the common lives of early civilizations, and they simply applied their own form of logic to make predictions about the world around them. So, at its core, this can be considered quite advanced. The most renowned forms of mandalas are apparent in Hinduism and subsequently Buddhism; however, it is now clear that Native Americans also created such “mandalas” with similar social and religious applications. The Native American circles of essence were essentially medicine wheels (although many circular spiritual forms of art existed also). With this regard the Mandala will be related to the medicine wheel. In addition...
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...The most taught philosophy in the Buddhism religion is that nothing is impermanent. Life never ends, the soul just simply moves on to a new place. Death is only a part of someone’s life, it is seen as just one of the states of transition. A Buddhist scholar Edward Croze said “Death is not to be regarded as a unique catastrophe which happens when one existence comes to an end, but it takes place all the time during the existence. The ideal attitude towards death is based on this awareness and involves acceptance of the process of change.” The Buddhist believe that time does not move in a straight line with a beginning and an end, but in a circle where there is no beginning or end, where things just simply exist. With this philosophy, they believe that the universe was not created out of nothing at a particular point in time, nor will it be destroyed completely. It has always existed and will always exist. Although they believe that the universe will never end, it will go through a continuos cycle of destruction and creation, over and over again. This means that when someone or something is born, it is not a new soul but one that was simply reborn. And when they die, their soul simply moves on to a new place and time. This belief is not exactly classed as reincarnation because it is not the same being that moves from body to body down through the ages. The connection between one life and another is not as simple and is subtler than that. Life is a spiralling chain that reaches...
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