...Title of essay: Exploring Marketing with Delta Airlines as a Case Study Tedlow, Richard S. believes that the history of consumer product marketing in the United States can be divided into three phrases.1 The history of marketing will aid us in understanding the business world today and is thus useful in this essay to explore this in brief before embarking on studying Delta Airlines as a case study to approach the topic of marketing, in the context of the U.S Airline Industry. Phrase 1 is that of fragmentation and this is purely due to logistics reasons, rather than the result of any marketing strategy. This results in transportation of bulky goods from one region to another being relatively expensive and for a consumer product to achieve national distribution, a favorable ratio of weight and bulk to value is required. This phrase happened before the 1880s and the market size is restricted due to a lack of information, and it is characterized by a high margin and low volume. The second phrase of unification is the rise of mass marketing, with high volume and a low margin, which is the direct opposite of the first phrase of fragmentation. The development of this phrase is possible due to firstly, the development of the railroad and the telegraph and secondly, innovations in manufacturing technology. All the above innovations led to a more effective transportation and communication network that lowered the cost of mass marketing products by significant percentages. There is a rise...
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...Title of essay: Exploring Marketing with Delta Airlines as a Case Study Tedlow, Richard S. believes that the history of consumer product marketing in the United States can be divided into three phrases.1 The history of marketing will aid us in understanding the business world today and is thus useful in this essay to explore this in brief before embarking on studying Delta Airlines as a case study to approach the topic of marketing, in the context of the U.S Airline Industry. Phrase 1 is that of fragmentation and this is purely due to logistics reasons, rather than the result of any marketing strategy. This results in transportation of bulky goods from one region to another being relatively expensive and for a consumer product to achieve national distribution, a favorable ratio of weight and bulk to value is required. This phrase happened before the 1880s and the market size is restricted due to a lack of information, and it is characterized by a high margin and low volume. The second phrase of unification is the rise of mass marketing, with high volume and a low margin, which is the direct opposite of the first phrase of fragmentation. The development of this phrase is possible due to firstly, the development of the railroad and the telegraph and secondly, innovations in manufacturing technology. All the above innovations led to a more effective transportation and communication network that lowered the cost of mass marketing products by significant percentages. There is a rise...
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...Virtual Private Network IS 311 Dr. Gray Tuesday 7pm November 19, 2002 By: Germaine Bacon Lizzi Beduya Jun Mitsuoka Betty Huang Juliet Polintan Table of Contents I. Introduction ……………………………………………….. 1 - 2 II. VPN Topology……………………………………………... 2 - 3 III. Types of VPNs……………………………………………... 3 - 5 IV. Components of VPNs………………………………………. 5 - 7 V. Productivity and Cost Benefit…………………………….... 7 - 9 VI. Quality of Service………………………………………….. 9 VII. The Future of VPN……………………………………….... 9 - 11 VIII. Conclusion…………………………………………………. 11 IX. Bibliography………………………………………………...12 - 13 X. Questions……………………………………………………14 Introduction Virtual. Virtual means not real or in a different state of being. In a VPN, private communication between two or more devices is achieved through a public network the Internet. Therefore, the communication is virtually but not physically there. Private. Private means to keep something a secret from the general public. Although those two devices are communicating with each other in a public environment, there is no third party who can interrupt this communication or receive any data that is exchanged between them. Network. A network consists of two or more devices that can freely and electronically communicate with each other via cables and wire. A VPN is a network. It can transmit information over long distances effectively and efficiently...
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...Virtual Private Network IS 311 Dr. Gray Tuesday 7pm November 19, 2002 By: Germaine Bacon Lizzi Beduya Jun Mitsuoka Betty Huang Juliet Polintan Table of Contents I. Introduction ……………………………………………….. 1 - 2 II. VPN Topology……………………………………………... 2 - 3 III. Types of VPNs……………………………………………... 3 - 5 IV. Components of VPNs………………………………………. 5 - 7 V. Productivity and Cost Benefit…………………………….... 7 - 9 VI. Quality of Service………………………………………….. 9 VII. The Future of VPN……………………………………….... 9 - 11 VIII. Conclusion…………………………………………………. 11 IX. Bibliography………………………………………………...12 - 13 X. Questions……………………………………………………14 Introduction Virtual. Virtual means not real or in a different state of being. In a VPN, private communication between two or more devices is achieved through a public network the Internet. Therefore, the communication is virtually but not physically there. Private. Private means to keep something a secret from the general public. Although those two devices are communicating with each other in a public environment, there is no third party who can interrupt this communication or receive any data that is exchanged between them. Network. A network consists of two or more devices that can freely and electronically communicate with each other via cables and wire. A VPN is a network. It can transmit information over long distances effectively and efficiently...
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...Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airports. 84 destinations, 198 aircraft Company slogan: You Above All 15,000+ employees JetBlue’s Nasdaq price from 2002 to present (JBLU) Brief History of the Domestic and Global Airline Industry The two of the oldest airlines in the world which are still operating are Qantas (Queensland And Northern Territory Aerial Services) in Australia and KLM (Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij) Airlines, in the Netherlands, both of which started flying in 1920. Following World War I and many trained veteran pilots, with airmail service offered by the United States Postal Service through contract air carriers some of which evolved into PanAm, TransWorld, American, and Delta Airlines. Following World War II, the commercial airline industry continued to expand under government regulation. Until congress deregulated the airline industry in the United States in 1978 and airlines were able to set the prices for their own fares and choose their own destinations. The first Asian airline, Philippine Airlines was established in 1941. Economic growth in many countries outside of the United States can be linked directly with the growth of the global airline industry in that country. International investment and the continuous growth of world trade in goods and services have propelled the...
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...that were created as a result were made for the wrong reasons using false evidence. Despite what the opposition says, legalizing marijuana is beneficial to everyone for several reasons: it is a healthier alternative to pharmaceutical drugs, it will free the court system and jails from unnecessary time and expenses, and it will create a substantial source of revenue for the country. For nearly a century, health care personnel and government officials have stressed the potentially dangerous side effects of marijuana usage. Currently marijuana is the most commonly abused illicit drug in the United States. (NIDA, 2010) Marijuana is the dried flowers that come from the hemp plant Cannabis Sativa. The main active chemical in marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol which is also called THC. The most common method of marijuana ingestion is through smoking. Marijuana can also be consumed by mixing it with foods and drinks. It can also be found in a highly concentrated form known as hashish, which is a sticky black liquid. (NIDA, 2010) When marijuana is smoked the THC passes through the lungs into the bloodstream and into the brain. Once in the brain the THC...
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...successful investment must consider two dimensions: technology scope and strategic objectives. Jeanne W. Ross and Cynthia M. Beath When senior managers at United Parcel Service (UPS) first decided more than 15 years ago that package tracking had become a competitive necessity in the package-delivery industry, they discovered that developing the capability was not as simple as writing or buying a package-tracking application. The company needed to develop networks, databases and processing capacity before it could even begin to offer tracking services.1 At about the same time, Delta Air Lines began focusing essentially all its information-technology spending on rebuilding its airport systems and infrastructure, in part to address Y2K concerns. But shortly after Jan. 1, 2000, in what the CIO described as a “land rush,” line managers submitted requests for IT investments that totaled almost three times what Delta could allocate. Each request presented a business case that promised significant positive returns on investment. But combined, they far exceeded the ability of the IT unit to deliver.2 Such experiences are not unusual. In the last 15 years, a tidal wave of ITenabled initiatives, from business-process reengineering to enterpriseresource planning, has elevated the importance of investing strategically in IT. Jeanne W. Ross is principal research scientist at the Center for Information Systems Research at the MIT Sloan School of Management. Cynthia M. Beath is a professor of...
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...Southwest, the number of routes that each airline presently flies is the same. We anticipate that the intended merger will thus affect the latter far more than might be suggested by the fleet size indicator. Indeed, if the U.S. Government approves the merger, Southwest would become a different entity. It would transform from a primarily regional airline into a national one, becoming America’s third-largest carrier by number of passengers flown. Its fleet would increase by over 25 percent, and it would fly two airplane types—the Boeing 717 and 737—rather than just one. Moreover, having acquired AirTran’s hub operations in Atlanta, currently the world’s busiest airport, Southwest would, for the first time, come into direct competition with Delta, the number two U.S. airline by number of passengers flown, which also claims Atlanta as its main hub. It would also take over AirTran’s Caribbean routes, thus gaining its first international operations. Our analysis will first provide a background of the U.S. airline industry, so as to illustrate the setting for this acquisition.We will then review the sources of both Southwest’s and AirTran’s present competitive advantages, with a particular focus on their lower cost structure and geographic concentration. Then, we will show what impact Southwest’s pending acquisition of AirTran is likely to have on its cost structure, market position, and...
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...A State Intervention Approach to International Trade and the Right to Health in the Crude Oil and Natural Gas Sector of Nigeria Table of Contents A State Intervention Approach to International Trade and the Right to Health in the Crude Oil and Natural Gas Sector of Nigeria 1 Chapter 1 General Introduction 6 1.1. Background 6 1.1.1. Definitions 14 1.1.2. Trade Liberalization 14 1.1.3. International Trade Law 15 1.1.4. Right to Health 16 1.1.5. Human Right Laws 17 1.2. Research Questions 18 1.3. Justification of the Research 21 1.4. Research Objectives 30 1.5. Research Methodology 31 1.6. Research Structure 37 Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework and Literature Review 40 2.1. Introduction 40 2.2. International Trade Rules and Protection of People’s Right to Health 41 2.2.1. Sources of International Trade Rules 41 2.2.2. Trade Liberalization and the Protection of the Right to Health 44 2.3. Scope of the Right to Health 54 2.4. Brief Overview of State Intervention Theory 59 2.5. States Duty towards the Fulfilment of the Right to Health 65 2.6. Legislative and Institutional Regulations Protecting the Right to Health in Nigeria 73 2.6.1. The International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 1966 76 2.6.2. The African Charter on Human and People’s Rights (ACHPR) 78 2.6.3. The International Health Regulations, 2005 81 2.6.4. The Nigerian Constitution 82 2.7. Conclusion 83 Chapter...
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...Impact of Nigeria's Bilateral Investment Agreements in Oil and Gas on the Right to Health and the Right to a Healthy Environment: A Case Study of the Niger Delta” Full Name of Student (Your student registration number) A XXXXXXXXXXX DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENT OF DEGREE OF XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX UNIVERITY Declaration I hereby declare that research thesis is my original work and has never been used presented for any degree or diploma in any university or institution. Where material is obtained from published or unpublished works, this has been fully acknowledged by citation in the main text and inclusion in the list of references. Table of Contents Declaration 2 Table of Contents 3 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 11 1.1 Background of the study 11 1.2 Statement of the Problem 27 1.2 Research Aims 29 1.3 Research Objectives 30 1.4 Research Questions 31 1.5 Justification of the Research 32 1.6 Research Methodology 42 1.6.2 Research design 45 1.6.2 Target population 45 1.6.3 Sampling 46 1.6.4 Data collection 46 1.6.5 Data presentation 46 1.7 Definition of terms 46 1.8.2 Environment 47 1.8.3 The right to health and the right to a healthy environment...
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...Literature Theory Comparison Shonte’ C. Grady Grand Canyon University Literature Theory Comparison For many years, school and district leadership has assigned primarily to a single person such as the principal or the superintendent. The principal and superintendent’s responsibilities are keeping order in the school, managing school schedules, monitoring the budget, making sure buses run on time, etc… In addition principals and superintendents job are to develop and keep the school’s or district’s vision, articulate and model core values, ensure the inclusion of all voices, develop collaborative learning experiences. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast various types of leadership models and theories and evaluate the effectiveness of each type of leadership model. Neuman and Simmons state that in the most effective schools, every member of the education community has the responsibility and the authority to take appropriate leader roles (2000, p. 9). The definition of a leader now encompasses teachers, staff members, parents, and members of the entire education community. “Over the course of the past five years, the Anneberg Institute has worked with thousands of practitioners from hundreds of schools across the country, representing a broad cross-section of schools in terms of size, student population, location, and levels of achievement. Less than successful outcomes of many reform...
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...MSA University MGT320 Project Competitiveness & Productivity Company Name: Commercial International Bank ‘CIB’ Presented to: Instructor: Dr. Ghada Aly Assistant: Mohamed Salah Group: ‘A’ By: Amir Menesy ............................................. 094283 Sarah Mazen …......................................... 093081 Sherif Gabriel …......................................... 086119 Abstract Competitiveness and productivity will give any organization a benefit over it’s rivals in the industry. This research aims to show the importance of competitiveness and productivity and how to excel at making the most of them. It also explains the vague terms and ideas within these concepts to give a better understanding of them. New advancements and technologies and their consequences and outcomes, in addition to what industries employ these issues in the most effective and efficient way will be discussed. Labor productivity and its essentials are broken down into detail. Competitive concepts and how to make the best use of competition is very difficult. Introduction Productivity is a measure of output from a production process per unit of input. Productivity is designed for use in economic analysis and public and private policy planning. Production is a process of combining various material inputs and immaterial inputs in order to make something for consumption. The methods of combining the inputs of production...
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...Asian Transactions on Basic and Applied Sciences (ATBAS ISSN: 2221-4267) Volume 01 Issue 06 GLOBAL RECESSION, OIL SECTOR AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA. BY S. O. OLADIPO (M.sc) Department of Economics and Accounting Bells University of Technology, Ota. E-mail address: giftsamniyo@yahoo.com AND PROF. J. O. FABAYO Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife ABSTRACT This study investigates global recession and the oil sector, based on its effects on economic growth in Nigeria. No doubt the global economy has been experiencing some disturbances. Major economies of the world have been affected and so has the major sectors of these economies especially the ones that has a direct bearing with international trade been affected. The oil sector particularly has been one of the hit. For a country like Nigeria whose international trade is majorly in oil, the effect has become an issue. Empirical analysis using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) reveals that there was a negative relationship between GDP and oil produced (domestic consumption and export) which is significant at 5% lever of significance i.e. (P < 0.05). The result also showed that there exists decline in the oil sector due to the global recession despite all measures given by government to curb it effects. It was Jan 2012 recommended that the federal government needs to deregulate the sector for efficient performance, and also come up with more rigorous policies that will reduce this effects on the real sector...
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...STRATEGIC ALLIANCES IN THE GLOBAL AIRLINE INDUSTRY Abhishek Goel1 Abstract Strategic alliances are common to any industry. Their presence is felt quite significantly in the airline industry. Starting in the US in 1978 deregulation of airline industry has since brought about sea changes in functioning of the industry. This paper attempts to understand the developments and strategic alliances that have occurred in the airline industry since deregulation. These strategic alliances exist in various forms and differ widely in scope and no consensus on classification was found. The advantages and disadvantages of strategic alliances with respect to the airline industry have been discussed. It is felt that the industry is getting increasingly concentrated. However, no conclusive remarks can be made about consumer welfare. “Airline Business Alliance Survey of 2000 reports that there are 579 alliance agreements in place, up from 280 agreements (more than double) in 1994 when the survey was first conducted. Five major alliances (Star, Oneworld, Qualiflyer, Sky Team, and Wings) account for some 60 percent of all air travel.” (Mason, 2002) The lines above make the issue important enough to understand the phenomenon that is guiding the industry. Almost a decade back Oum, Taylor and Zhang (1993) argued that the airline industry will be marked by strategic alliances and these alliances will be global in nature. The guiding factors will be several that include formation of blocs, resource...
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...SAIL'S VOLUNTARY RETIREMENT SCHEME Case Code-HROB002 Published-2003 INTRODUCTION At a meeting of the board of directors in June 1999, the CEOs of Steel Authority of India's (SAIL) four plants - V. Gujral (Bhilai), S. B. Singh (Durgapur), B.K. Singh (Bokaro), and A.K. Singh (Rourkela) made their usual presentations on their performance projections. One after the other, they got up to describe how these units were going to post huge losses, once again, in the first quarter[1] of 1999-2000. After incurring a huge loss of Rs 15.74 billion in the financial year 1998-99 (the first in the last 12 years), the morale in the company was extremely low. The joke at SAIL's headquarters in Delhi was that the company's fortunes would change only if a VRS was offered to its CEOs - not just the workers. BACKGROUND NOTE |SAIL was the world's 10th largest and India's largest steel manufacturer with a 33% share in the domestic market. In |[pic][pi| |the financial year 1999-2000, the company generated revenues of Rs. 162.5 billion and incurred a net loss of Rs 17.2 |c] | |billion. Yet, as on February 23, 2001, SAIL had a market valuation of just Rs. 340.8 billion, a meager amount | | |considering the fact that the company owned four integrated and two special steel plants. | | |SAIL was formed in 1973 as a holding company of the government owned steel and associated input companies. In 1978, the| | |subsidiary companies...
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