...Chapter 1 Review Questions Solutions 1. What is information systems analysis and design? Information systems analysis and design is the process of developing and maintaining an information system. 2. What is systems thinking? How is it useful for thinking about computer-based information systems? Systems thinking involves identifying something as a system, visualizing the system and translating it into abstract terms, and thinking about the characteristics of the specific situation. Systems thinking is useful for thinking about computer-based information systems because information systems can be seen as subsystems in larger organizational systems, taking input from, and returning output to, their organizational environments. 3. What is decomposition? Coupling? Cohesion? Decomposition is the process of breaking down a system into its component parts. Coupling is the extent to which subsystems are dependent on each other. Cohesion is the extent to which a system or a subsystem performs a single function. 4. In what way are organizations systems? Organizations are systems because they are made up of interrelated components working together for a purpose. They take input from and return output to their environments. Organizations can be redesigned through a systems analysis and design process by which system components are replaced while preserving interconnections between components. 5. List and explain the different phases in the systems development...
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...of Quality' is achieved when no department in a single location has more than 15% rejects. True False 3. Concurrent Engineering is another term for sequential development. True False 4. One of the main advantages of standardization is that it increases the potential variety of products. True False 5. A disadvantage of standardization is the possibility of standardizing designs too early, which may make it difficult to modify in the future. True False 6. Reducing consumer choices makes service more efficient. True False 7. Modular design increases costs of purchasing and controlling inventory compared to non-modular. True False 8. Product failures can be easier to remedy with modular design. True False 9. One motivation for an organization to redesign its product or service is to avoid the alternative of downsizing the organization. True False 10. A major benefit of Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the increased productivity of designers. True False 11. Most of the time what is called product or service design is actually a redesign of an existing product or service. True False 12. A service blueprint is quite similar to an architectural drawing. True False 13. The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor's product to discover product improvement is called benchmarking. True False 14. To save money, it is essential that designers revise the production capabilities...
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...DESIGN THINKING: CHARACTERISTICS AND PROMISES Arkin Efeoglu1, Charles Møller2, Michel Sérié3, Harry Boer2 1 2 SAP Germany Aalborg University, Denmark 3 SAP Germany arkin.efeoglu@sap.com ABSTRACT This paper analyses a variety of Design Thinking methods to identify a governable pattern that is required to roll out Design Thinking as mindset in a multi-national company. A comparative analysis is essential to unveil focal points that lead to this organizational mindset transformation. Hence, a thorough understanding of the method and its core values may avoid uncoordinated innovation capabilities. Ultimately innovation will not be an R&D topic in an organization anymore but become part for every employee’s job, irrespective of his or her position. Keywords: Design thinking methods and characteristics, Review 1. INTRODUCTION A number of new innovation methods have emerged during the past two decades with an increasing interdisciplinary collaboration between the engineering, economic and social sciences. In spite of this, it is still a challenge to develop and introduce new innovations. One approach that increasingly makes its way to businesses of all sizes is called Design Thinking. This approach seems to be more promising to operationalize the innovation capabilities of a company (Brenner and Witte, 2011). Design Thinking is a human-centered problem solving method that mostly leads to radical innovative solution in terms of the feasibility, desirability...
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...the organization's goals and capabilities and its changing marketing opportunities. A) Benchmarking B) SWOT analysis C) Market segmentation D) Strategic planning E) Diversification Answer: D AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 2.1: Explain company-wide strategic planning and its four steps. Difficulty: Easy 2) Which of the following is true with regard to strategic planning? A) At the corporate level, the company starts the strategic planning process by determining what portfolio of businesses and products is best for the company. B) A strategic plan deals with a company's short-term goals. C) The focus of strategic planning is to define a game plan for long-run survival and growth. D) The strategic plan is a statement of an organization's purpose. E) Strategic planning involves identifying segments of consumers with identical preferences. Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 2.1: Explain company-wide strategic planning and its four steps. Difficulty: Moderate 3) Which of the following is the first step in strategic planning? A) setting short-term goals B) developing the business portfolio C) defining the organizational mission D) formulating the key marketing strategies E) identifying the organization's weaknesses and the threats it faces Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 2.1: Explain company-wide strategic planning and its four steps. Difficulty:...
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...Critical Thinking Application Paper MGT 350 April 10, 2011 Harry Derderian Critical Thinking Application Report Critical thinking is a term that we have all heard from our parents, teachers, managers or friends. However, I doubt that many of us have really taken the time to fully understand what it means and why it is so important. The purpose of this report is to gain an understanding of what critical thinking means and why it is so fundamentally important that we conscientiously practice and use critical thinking skills every day. This task will be accomplished by using a work place example and outlining the benefits of the critical thinking process. Critical Thinking Defined The quick and easy way to define critical thinking is to research it on-line. For instance, according to the website, Dictionary.com, critical thinking is defined as “the mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion”. This definition is a good start, but we must explore it on a deeper level to fully understand critical thinking. According to Facione (2011), an international group of experts were asked to define critical thinking. The team came up with a few conclusions. One conclusion is that critical thinking requires a purpose to the thinking and it can be done either independently or collaboratively. They decided critical thinking requires the following...
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...understanding of the differences between various types of information systems 2. Understand how information systems are developed 3. Understand the computer revolution and its impact on the way business is conducted 4. Become familiar with critical-thinking skills in identifying information systems problems and how to investigate existing literature about hardware and software solutions to problems. 5. Know the components and functions of computer systems, both hardware and software. 6. Become familiar with the advances in networking, data communications and the Internet and how they affect the way business is conducted. 7. Identify which information technology tools are used to solve various business problems. 8. Develop proficiency solving business problems using modern productivity tools (e.g., spreadsheet, database) or creating custom programs. MIS 301: Statistical Analysis for Business At the end of this course students should be able to: 1. Use data from a sample to make inferences about a population. 2. Apply probability theory in decision making situations. 3. Formulate hypotheses for decision making and research. 4. Analyze data using appropriate statistical techniques. 5. Interpret the results of statistical analysis. 6. Present statistical results using graphics, text, and the spoken word. MIS 302: Introduction to Operations Management At the end of this course students should be able to: 1. Define the role of operations and supply chain in an organization and...
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... | |Niche Marketing Research Report | Content ■ Introduction ➢ Introduction of the assignment ➢ Introduction of the market ■ The Market – Secondary Research ■ Questionnaire Design – Primary Research ➢ Questionnaire design ➢ The reasoning of design ■ Questionnaire Result – Niche Market ➢ The result and analysis ➢ Identification of niche market opportunity ■ Conclusion ■ Reference • Appendices ■ Introduction ➢ Introduction of the assignment In this assignment which the topic is about niche marketing of sanitary towel, the purpose of this assignment is to analyse the consequence of a survey in which 45 women were questioned about the sanitary towel. This assignment consists of four main sections, such as secondary research, primary research (questionnaire design), questionnaire result (niche market) and conclusion. ➢ Introduction of the market The topic of the assignment is about niche market of sanitary towel. The niche market means specific and small market which has segmentation. The sanitary towel is an absorptive substance which make out of lanose pulp and absorber with high polymer. This production aims to female whose age between 14 to 50 years old...
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...rosters, employee behavior, and outcomes of tasks. Another important aspect of this preparatory phase is observation of workers during their daily routine. Movement and work studies provide valuable information on the workflow and productivity of staff members in their current roles. Observation of interaction between employees among themselves and with patients and associated activities provides good insight of the efficiency of the current job specifications. Meetings with staff and informal conversations about their expectations of the job are good sources for planning job redesign. Job Analysis Job analysis is the process of considering all the aspects of the new or redesigned job by breaking it down into job elements, the level of autonomy of the worker, the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform the job, and the behavior required from the employee (“Job Analysis, Design, and Evaluation,” 2004 [3]). The job analyst considers physical abilities required to...
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...AACSB: Reflective Thinking Learning Outcome: Define and use cost-volume-profit analysis to analyze the effects of changes in costs and volume on a company's profits 2) Manufacturing companies usually have three types of inventory. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 LO: 2-1 EOC: E2-1 AACSB: Reflective Thinking Learning Outcome: Define and use cost-volume-profit analysis to analyze the effects of changes in costs and volume on a company's profits 3) Retailers sell their products to consumers. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 LO: 2-1 EOC: E2-1 AACSB: Reflective Thinking Learning Outcome: Define and use cost-volume-profit analysis to analyze the effects of changes in costs and volume on a company's profits 4) Merchandising companies include both wholesalers and retailers. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 LO: 2-1 EOC: S2-1 AACSB: Reflective Thinking Learning Outcome: Define and use cost-volume-profit analysis to analyze the effects of changes in costs and volume on a company's profits 5) All companies have the same types of inventories. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 LO: 2-1 EOC: S2-2 AACSB: Reflective Thinking Learning Outcome: Define and use cost-volume-profit analysis to analyze the effects of changes in costs and volume on a company's profits 6) Only manufacturing companies have finished goods inventory. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 LO: 2-1 EOC: S2-2 AACSB: Reflective Thinking Learning Outcome: Define and use cost-volume-profit analysis to analyze the effects...
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...innovations since beginning. A series of innovative products had been introduced by apple that changed the industry trends such as I phones and I pads. They combine the innovation, design and marketing to gain the competitive edge over the competitors. This company is continuously innovating but there is strong competition in the market. Therefore, taking into account the task one will be accomplished. The first task of the assignment is very critical and requires full understanding ad theory application of the learnt material in the course of marketing design and innovation. The first task of the assignment is divided into three sub-tasks. The first task related to the benefits and value which are sought by the consumers utilising the services and products. The values have been very extensively researched out and there are different types of values as according to Anderson et al 2006. In this section, I intend to add the value types and how these values delivers benefits, what specific value and benefit is delivered and what the consumer wants will be reviewed in relations to Apple i-phone. Innovation an important value (Von, 2003) will be discussed in relation to the case. The second sub-section of the assignment required from students to write about the uniqueness of its design elements – shape, colour, design, imagination, relevance and Usefulness (Jordan, 2000). In this section, the use of material from research articles and blogs will be made as this will require lots of knowledge...
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...2012 Spend Analysis I. Introduction The current condition of the economy in the United States (US) and increased economic pressures has reinvigorated many companies to rethink their purchasing practices. One of the best ways for a company to evaluate its spending patterns is through a spend analysis. “A spend analysis is the process of determining what is being spent, with whom and for what” (Hingorani, 2010, p. 58). In order to accomplish this task companies must use software programs to import and aggregate data from multiple systems. This paper will explore several components of the spend analysis process including the risk of using software programs alone to analyze spending patterns; how Lean Six Sigma processes might be useful when developing a spend analysis process, and why it is important to involve multiple functional areas, most notably finance. II. Relying on Software Alone While software programs offer a great platform for organizing data they do not provide a method of cleansing data. What I mean is, spend data can be housed in many different databases, and trying to consolidate the data correctly can prove to be very difficult. Ever heard of the saying “garbage in, garbage out”? That is exactly what you might get relying solely on software programs to complete your spend analysis. This is where analytical skills and critical thinking become very important when setting up a spend analysis process. First, you must determine...
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...Training Needs Analysis Assignment 1: Strategic Planning, Learning Theory, and Training Needs Analysis KorVina Hunter Professor Robert High BUS 407 December 9, 2011 The analysis phase defines what needs to be trained. Next, an instructional design is crafted to meet this need. Only after the design is complete are the instructional materials developed. During development, individual and group tryouts of the materials are conducted. Results are iteratively fed back into design and development. Evaluation is a central feature of ISD and is performed in each phase. The phases are: Phase 1: Analysis –Determine if training is the appropriate solution; if so, define training requirements Phase 2: Design – Define objectives, design the training program, and select training methods and media. Phase 3: Development- Develop all training materials in accordance with design. Conduct pilot training classes. Refine course, as necessary. Phase 4: Implementation – Implementing training, evaluate, and refine. Phase 5: Evaluation – Performed during development, during implementation, immediately after training, and six months or more after training. Most training design models contain five steps. One of the most commonly used models is the ADDIE model, which stands for analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Analysis stands for needs analysis, where the need for the training is studied. Design is the phase...
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...Cooney B00251777 Teresa Cooney B00251777 Contents Introduction 2 1. Research Design 3 1.1 Qualitative Research Methods 3 1.2 Thematic Analysis 3 2. Findings and Analysis 6 References 8 Appendix 1 9 Appendix 2 13 Introduction This report has been commissioned by the University of the West of Scotland (Paisley campus) for the Business Research Skills course. All the information contained within the report has been collected through various sources, such as; text books, internet sites, case studies and relevant Journals. The aim of this report was to analyse the interview transcript from UWS Business School. The purpose was to evaluate the current trends and future thinking’s of an area of business and operational management. The report contains an analysis and explanation of research design and qualitative research methods. This includes the qualitative research method, Thematic research. It outlines the six phases of the Thematic Analysis process. Following on from this, included is a detailed Thematic analysis of the interview transcript provided by UWS Business School. 1. Research Design The term research design refers to the comprehensive strategy chosen to include different parts of study in a logical manner. This ensures the research problem is efficiently addressed. Research design represents the framework of the collection, measurement and analysis of data. According to Green and Tull (2013) a research “is the specification of...
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...AACSB: Reflective Thinking CASE: Comprehension 2) A business model describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Reflective Thinking CASE: Comprehension 3) Information technology (IT) consists of all the hardware that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives, whereas information systems consist of all the hardware and software needed. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 13 AACSB: Use of IT CASE: Comprehension 4) Computers are only part of an information system. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 15 AACSB: Use of IT CASE: Comprehension 5) Information systems literacy describes the behavioral approach to information systems, while computer literacy describes the technical approach. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 15 AACSB: Use of IT CASE: Comprehension 6) The dimensions of information systems are people, organizations, and information technology. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 AACSB: Use of IT CASE: Comprehension 7) In order to understand how a specific business firm uses information systems, you need to know something about the history and culture of the company. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 AACSB: Use of IT CASE: Comprehension 8) Developing a new product, fulfilling an order, or hiring a new employee are all examples of business processes. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 AACSB: Reflective Thinking CASE: Comprehension...
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...blank Visualizing Research A Guide to the Research Process in Art and Design Carole Gray and Julian Malins © Carole Gray and Julian Malins 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Carole Gray and Julian Malins have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the authors of this work. Published by Ashgate Publishing Limited Gower House Croft Road Aldershot Hants GU11 3HR England Ashgate website: http://www.ashgate.com British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Gray, Carole Visualizing research : a guide to the research process in art and design 1.Art – Research 2.Design – Research 3.Universities and colleges – Graduate work I.Title II.Malins, Julian 707.2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gray, Carole, 1957Visualizing research : a guide to the research process in art and design / by Carole Gray and Julian Malins. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-7546-3577-5 1. Design--Research--Methodology--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Art--Research--Methodology-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Research--Methodology--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Malins, Julian. II. Title. NK1170.G68 2004 707’.2--dc22 ISBN 0 7546 3577 5 Typeset by Wileman Design Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall ...
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