...of the complication that diabetics have. They will have a strong task ahead of them, keeping them healthy to prevent any complication with diabetes. There are Many complications that come with diabetes; Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Nephropathy. Here is some information about these diseases and steps to help prevent and to manage these complications, do research online and find an every site that will give them the information needed to obtain the first steps in working out this problem. Diabetic Retinopathy When the retina gets nerve damage by the diabetes it weakens the blood vessels. There are steps people can take to reduce their chance of vision loss from complications from diabetic retinopathy. ‘’Hyperglycaemia results in thickening of the basement membrane in the capillaries and loss of endothelial cell adhesion, leading to lose of integrity of these small vessels. This causes a change in blood vessel permeability and the leakage of water, blood, protein, and fat into the surrounding retinal tissue’’ (Shotliff, & Balasanthiran, 2009). They will have to know all of the warning signs and act accordingly. Some of the signs are blurry vision, black or gray spots, cobwebs or strings that move of float when they moves his eyes. Developing control of their sugar, blood pressure, and remove the intake of alcohol, cigarettes will give them a better chance to reduce the risk of getting Diabetic Retinopathy. [pic] Diabetic Neuropathy Occurs when the body...
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...Cancer VS. Diabetes Diabetes and cancer are common diseases with a tremendous impact on health worldwide. These diseases have more differences than similarities, but can have the same outcome if not taken care of properly. There is evidence that says people with diabetes are at a greater risk for many forms of cancer. Studies show that some medications used to treat diabetes are associated with increased or a reduced risk of cancer. The mortality rate of each has increased in recent years, but with proper diet and a healthy lifestyle, these diseases can sometimes be controlled. Diabetes and cancer have the same risk factors which include age, gender, race, obesity, lack of exercise, smoking and alcohol. You should lose weight and eat healthy if you are at risk for either of these two diseases. For your diet, incorporating fruits and vegetables is a step in the right direction. So far, there is no real cure for diabetes, but with regular medical care and taking care of yourself, you can manage your diabetes; reducing considerably, the risk of serious complications such as heart disease and stroke. Treatment for diabetes varies depending on what type of diabetes you have. Managing all forms of diabetes include regular monitoring of blood sugar levels; eating a well-balanced, healthy diet, and following a regular exercise program. Insulin is the most common diabetes drug. It can be injected or taken orally. Beyond medications...
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...Energy Laser as a Treatment for Refractory Diabetic Leg Ulcers By Wendy Price Wake Forest University Department of Physician Assistant Studies 4/10/2009 I would like to thank everyone at Coy C. Carpenter library help and reference desks. To Ekatrina Zachry who translated the Russian research papers, thank you is the very least I can say for such an excellent job. I would like to tell my girls how proud I am of them and thank them for their patience, pictures, and prayers. You make it all worth the while. I would also like to thank my mother for her support, coming to help with the girls while I have been in school, and her motherly faith in me that never waivers. Most of all I want to thank my husband Clay Price for being an amazing pillar of strength, encouragement, patience, understanding, and love. I know I COULD NOT have done it without you. UA&F Low Energy Laser as a Treatment for Refractory Diabetic Leg and Foot Ulcers ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Diabetic leg and foot ulcers often lead to immobility, infection, and amputation, cost $7,000 to $40,000 per ulcer, and erode mental health and QOL. Lasers have been effectively utilized in medicine since the 60’s, from various surgical uses to the treatment of diseases. Although low-energy (also called low-power, low-level, and cold) laser therapy for “biostimulation” (or biomodulation) of ulcer healing has been studied extensively, quality data on diabetic wound healing is rare. This review seeks to...
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...Education on Wound Care for Diabetic Patients Education on Wound Care for Diabetic Patients Abstract Non-compliance of wound care management has increased the risk of infection and amputations. Diabetes wound care management is an important and fundamental aspect when it comes to diabetes teaching and education. Assessment of the feet daily and at a primary care office will provide information such as noncompliance, risks for neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, macro-vascular disease, and possible amputation. Education provided by health care practitioners to the diabetic population will promote decrease in risk for further complications and the patient to be involved in their own care. Assessment, treatment, and education on wound care management with the involvement of the patient will increase the patient’s quality of life and be very beneficial to both the practitioner and the patient. Keywords: diabetic wound care management, diabetic ulcer care, outpatient diabetes management, diabetic care management Introduction Working in a primary care setting will involve a multitude of disease processes- diabetes mellitus being one of them. Diabetes is a disease that is characterized by high levels of blood glucose with a defect in insulin secretion and cell resistance. Without proper management, diabetes may lead to other issues in health. Examples of such, would be, delay in wound healing, leading to foot ulcerations, which thus increases the risk for amputations...
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...seconds across the globe, and it is expected to rise 55 percent in the next 20 years” (p. 6). The article goes on to state that according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), “about 26 million individuals in the U.S. or 83 percent of the population have had a diabetes diagnosis (p. 6). Unfortunately this number will only begin to keep climbing and affect future generations to come. Professor Nam Han Cho wrote in a report on diabetes that “if current demographic patterns continue, more than 592 million people (worldwide) will be affected with diabetes within a generation” (Brass, 2014, p.7). Diabetes can be divided up into four categories including the following: Type 1 DM, Type 2 DM, gestational diabetes, and pre-diabetes. This paper will discuss the aspects of Type 1 diabetes. Information from the article Primary and secondary prevention of Type 1 diabetes was obtained from the Wiley Online Library database using the search terms diabetes type 1, and prevention. The Wiley Online Library database was also used to obtain information from the article titled Prevalence of depression among young people with Type 1 diabetes: a systematic review using the search terms type 1 diabetes, and prevention. The database Medline Plus was used to obtained signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes using the search term type 1 diabetes signs and symptoms. The CINAHL database was used to obtain the article What Everyone needs to know about Diabetes using the...
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...Approximately 17 million Americans have diabetes.(Lamb) As many as one-half are unaware they have it. This chronic disease causes serious health complications including renal failure, heart disease, stroke, and blindness. It is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced. Then glucose in the blood is not able to be absorbed into the cells of the body.(Kishore) The cells in the human body need energy in order to function. Glucose is the body's primary energy source. It is a simple sugar resulting from the digestion of foods containing carbohydrates. It circulates in the blood from the foods that are digested as a ready energy source for any cells that need it. Insulin is a hormone or chemical produced by cells in the pancreas, it is located behind the stomach. It bonds to a receptor site on the outside of cell and goes into the cell through which glucose can enter. Glucose can be saved for later use by converting to concentrated energy sources like glycogen or fatty acids. When there is not enough insulin produced , glucose stays in the blood rather entering the cells. The body will attempt to dilute the high level of glucose in the blood, which called hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia acts by drawing water out of the cells and into the bloodstream, to dilute the sugar and excrete it in the urine. People with undiagnosed diabetes to be constantly thirsty, drink large quantities of water, and urinate...
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...Application ORIGINAL XXX 1541-5147 ARTICLES International of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Standardized Nursing Languages in a Case Study of a Woman With Diabetes IJNT Malden, USAJournal Inc Blackwell Publishing of Nursing Terminologies and Classifications Application of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Standardized Nursing Languages in a Case Study of a Woman with Diabetes This paper aims to illustrate the process Coleen P. Kumar, RN, MSN, CNS, is Assistant Professor of Nursing, Kingsborough Community College, Brooklyn, New York. Introduction As the average lifespan is extended, more individuals are coping with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, which has reached epidemic proportions with more than 20 million people in the United States having this diagnosis (Gordois, Scuffham, Shearer, Oglesby, & Tobian, 2003). The American Diabetes Association (ADA) estimates that a million people will be diagnosed of diabetes every year (2004). Long-term complications of diabetes are costly to both the individual and the healthcare system. Over the past decade, diabetes research has focused on pharmacological approaches and lifestyle interventions to the illness (Odegard, Setter, & Iltz, 2006). Recent evidence in the forum of diabetes care revealed a need for healthcare professionals to assess and empower individuals in the self-management of this illness. For the purposes of this case study, health assessment by nurses was defined by Fuller and Schaller-Ayers (2000) as a process...
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...Epidemiology Paper According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics, "[By 1993] death certificates listed diabetes as the fifth leading cause of death for Blacks aged 45 to 64, and the third leading cause of death for those aged 65 and older in 1990” (Bailey, 2007, p. 1). These statistics show how serious the problem of diabetes has become in the black community. Epidemiological studies can focus the efforts of the healthcare community to effective interventions aimed at lowering the prevalence and incidence of diabetes among African Americans. Epidemiology Paper Roles This paper will explore the role of epidemiology in the surveillance of the incidence of diabetes in the morbidity and mortality of Americans of African descent. This paper will also discuss the definition and purpose of epidemiology, epidemiological methods, the epidemiological triangle and levels of prevention that is related with diabetes in the African American community. Definition and purpose of epidemiology in epidemiology paper The definition of epidemiology is very important if one is to use the definition to describe its purpose. “A common definition of epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in human populations” (Savitz, Poole, & Miller, 1999, p. 1159). A better description of epidemiology is the analysis of the incidence and spread of disease within populations, with the aim of establishing...
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... Jennifer Nurse NUR408 January 2011 Nancy Nurse, EdD, RN, PHN, LSN Epidemiology: Global and Public Health According to the Centers for Disease Control, “diabetes affects 25.8 million people, 8.3% of the U.S. population” (Center for Disease control and Prevention, 2012, par 1). Twice as many African Americans are likely to develop diabetes than Caucasian Americans. These statistics represent how serious diabetes has become for the black community. Epidemiology can focus healthcare efforts and interventions to help lower the incidence of diabetes of the African Americans. This paper will focus on the role of epidemiology in the observation of the frequency of diabetes in the morbidity and mortality of American of African decent. This paper will also include the definition and description of epidemiology, epidemiological methods, the epidemiological triangle, types of epidemiology, and prevention that is related with diabetes in the African American community. Definition and Description of Epidemiology Epidemiology is defined as, “the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems.” (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012, p. 243). Epidemiology has provided an understanding of the factors, which contribute to health and disease, and the...
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...Epidemiology Paper Allison Brown Nur 408 May 14, 2012 Prof. Pamela Orr Epidemiology Paper People have many health concerns and diagnosis that presents to the current public health as daunting. The first step in any medical situation regarding a person’s health is prevention that is talked among the professionals in the health community. This will be the only way to help the cycle to break that will further prevent other diseases from occurring. Using epidemiology and the epidemiology triangle diabetes in African Americans will be observed. This health concern in many communities in the United States can be prevented and helped, but information is the key to success. In this paper we will be examining the definition and description of epidemiology, the steps and methods of epidemiology, reviewing the data of the selected population. We will also be looking at the epidemiological triangle as well as various levels of prevention. Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease), and the application of this study to the control of diseases and other health problems. Various methods can be used to carry out epidemiological investigations: surveillance and descriptive studies can be used to study distribution; analytical studies are used to study determinants (WHO, 2012). Epidemiology is a type of science that guides our understanding of the strong points of how exposure and the relation to how it effects...
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...Gastric Bypass and Diabetes Literature Research Shayne Howard Grand Canyon University: NRS-433V Introduction to Nursing Research 03/19/2016 Introduction Diabetes is one of the most deadly diseases known to man. That is a bold statement but when you consider that a big percentage of the other most deadly diseases like heart disease, kidney failure and strokes can be caused by diabetes then it puts it in to perspective. Diabetes causes many health problems besides these as well. The complications associated with diabetes are numerous but include neuropathy, blindness, amputation, impotency, depression and cognitive decline just to name a few. Some of these complications are inevitable but they can be avoided or at least prevented for an amount of time with proper diet and exercise or following a medication regimen. For some however the disease hits too hard too fast or because of physical restraints exercise is not a viable option. For these patients a surgical option such as weight loss surgery may be their only recourse. There are 4 major types of weight loss surgery that can be used to treat morbid obesity and in turn diabetes. There are the Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass, the Gastric sleeve, Gastric banding, and the Duodenal switch. The most popular for mild weight loss is the gastric band in which an adjustable band is place around the stomach limiting the size and thereby limiting the amount of food intake. This is less invasive and reversible but also less effective overall...
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...Estimation of diabetic retinopathy with artery/vein classification in retinal images using Artificial Neural Network Leshmi Satheesh M.Tech Student,Dept. of Electronics & Communication Mohandas College of Engineering, Kerala University Trivandrum-695541, Kerala, India Email: leshmi24@gmail.com Abstract—Diabetic retinopathy is the single largest explanation for sight loss and visual impairment in eighteen to sixty five year olds . Damage of blood vessels in the eye and the formation of lesions in the retina are the earliest signs of diabetic retinopathy. Efficient image processing and analysis algorithms have to be developed for the automated screening programs to work robustly and effectively. For the detection of vascular changes...
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...bitter leaf Bitter leaf, scent leaf extract protects diabetics from heart, testicular damage Thursday, 19 July 2012 00:00 CHUKWUMA MUANYA Features - Natural Health Top of Form Bottom of Form [pic] Can increasing the intake of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) and scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) protect Nigerians from complications of diabetes? CHUKWUMA MUANYA writes. DIABETES is an age long, serious metabolic disorder with complications that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Chronic hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) during diabetes has been shown to cause glycation of body protein, which in turn leads to secondary complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves and arteries. These complications may be delayed, lessened or prevented by maintaining blood glucose levels close to normal. Several studies have indicated that cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in modern societies, among the numerous complications of diabetes. Long standing diabetes has been documented to cause structural and functional cardiac impairment, which was found to lead to ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Previous studies have also shown that diabetics have significantly reduced testicular weights and tubule diameters. The changes in seminiferous tubules ranged from premature sloughing of epithelium to total cessation of spermatogenesis. But recent studies suggest that a combination of bitter leaf (Vernonia...
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...Retrieved May 17, 2012, from MEDLINE database. 20953579 Background Information Exercise and physical activity has shown to be a significant factor in the management and treatment of diabetes. What is unknown is how benefits from physical activity directly correlate to glucose control as manifested in low glucosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in diabetic people. The study aims to prove that the decrease in HbA1c is a result of greater aerobic fitness and strength in patients that are performing aerobic or anaerobic exercise. Secondly, it is related to the changes in strength and aerobic fitness that are performing cardiovascular exercise and resistance training. Review of Literature The purpose of the article is to assess the correlation of reduced HbA1c to physical activity. It is hypothesized that this reduction is related to the changes and increase in aerobic fitness and strength in diabetic people who are engaged in aerobic and anaerobic exercise. The result from the study showed that the link between the changes in glucose control during exercise training is not that high nevertheless; physical activity offers health benefits to diabetic patients. Methodology The study used experimental method by randomized controlled trial. Random sampling of 251 patients between 39-70 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus that were previously sedentary was allocated aerobic, resistance, or aerobic plus resistance, or to a control group that was sedentary. The participants were evaluated...
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...Personal Impact Paper Crystal Martin NUR/427 09/07/2015 Kathy Cavanaugh Personal Impact Paper Diabetes is one of the most common chronic illnesses that we see in the healthcare field. Majority of the patients I see and care for have either a mild, moderate or severe form of the disease. Along with diagnosing a patient with diabetes, a lot of education is to follow in order to manage it so long term effects don’t occur or can be prolonged. My father-in-law has had many health issues since he was a young adult. Diabetes is what has hit him the hardest and has affected him the most socially, financially and personally. I have known my father-in-law for many years, before my husband and I of nine years were married. He’s has always been a home body and has struggled with money ever since his health issues came about. Before he could qualify for disability or medicare he was having to pay his $6,000 deductible, through his wife’s insurance, in order to receive help on his supplies to manage his diabetes. He struggles with credit card debt because he relies on them to get him through the year financially. He is in the works of possibly filing bankruptcy soon due to his high amount of debt and still has trouble making ends meet. I never really knew all the expenses involved when trying to manage this chronic disease. The medication alone is very pricey, then on top of that you have the test trips and glucose monitor to purchase. It all adds up and for a...
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