...OFWESTERN SPORTS 1 The Impact of Western Sports to Chinese Traditional Sports Lyon (Yanqing, Huang) Northeastern University THE IMPACT OFWESTERN SPORTS 2 Abstract With the advent of the globalization era, the conflict in different cultural exchange becomes prominent, especially the difference between Chinese and western sports culture. The difference is largely due to the different historical and cultural background. Each of them has made a sense to the development of its own society and influenced our understanding of sports and main sport activities in the wide world. What's more, because of the impact western sport, Chinese traditional sport has changed a lot compared with last century. THE IMPACT OFWESTERN SPORTS 3 The General With the advent of the globalization era, the conflict in different cultural exchange becomes prominent, especially the difference between Chinese and western sports culture. The difference is largely due to the different historical and cultural background. Each of them has made a sense to the development of its own society and influenced our understanding of sports and main sport activities in the wide world. What's more, because of the impact western sport, Chinese traditional sport has changed a lot compared with last century. Many sports in China...
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...Sport Television Rights Out of the Big Four (NFL, MLB, NBA, and NHL), Major League Baseball has the largest annual media contract with over 850 billion worth. Network television with 3 billion, Cable TV with 2.4 billion, Satellite TV with 700 million, Terrestrial Radio with 55 million, Satellite Radio with 650 million, an video games with 150 million. These media coverage contracts include the big games such as MBL Playoffs and the World Series. The discrepancy in the value of media contracts for the different sports is as follows; National Football League (NFL) contracts for network TV, cable TV, and satelli9te TV is over a billion a year. Video games are such as EA sports contracts are 350 million a year. No contracts with internet and radio. Major League Baseball (MBL) contracts for all TV and radio are estimated over millions and billions a year. No contracts with the internet. National Basketball League (NBA) contracts for network and cable are estimated in the billions a year. No big satellite TV contracts other that Direct TV who covers exclusive out of market games. No contracts with radio, video games, and the internet. National Hockey League (NHL) contracts for network television are revenue- sharing agreements with NBC and Canada’s CBC. Cable TV has a 120 million contract for 3 years. Satellite TV has out of market games with Direct TV. No radio contracts. There...
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...the realm of college sports, it’s win or go home. Student athletes are always busy doing something. The first thing you do in the morning is workout, then that person has classes, and then right after classes, they have practice, which will probably end late. This is an athlete’s schedule year round. I am a collegiate athlete and I know the struggle...
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...Abstract The track of homosexuality in sports has been long, twisting and for the most part, very restrained. There have been very few athletes blazing a trail for gay tolerance among the top four professional athletic associations; the top four being the NFL, NBA, NHL and MLB. In fact, the early athletes who openly admitted their sexual orientation were women, participants of individual sports or retired athletes. The more popular male sports as the top four, have seemingly been opposed in accepting a gay teammate in the locker room. With this being said, one can understand why the gay athlete’s path has been so difficult and private. The culture of sports has long been viewed as being extremely homophobic. Homophobia encompasses a range of negative attitudes and feelings toward homosexuality or people who are identified or perceived as being lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender From the beginning of sports existence, athletes have been considered hyper-masculine and barbaric. Even women who participated in sports were often viewed as “manly”. However, the ever changing social climate and the sharp awareness of gay rights and same-sex couples, almost assures us that there will be a cultural shift in the sports world as we know it. The younger generation proves to be more accepting and laidback of homosexuality; thus, it will only be a matter of time until professional sports teams find a gay athlete on their roster. I ask you this, if gay tolerance is to be expected in the...
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...Race and Sports in America By: Patrick Minnick December 12, 2014 “A life is not important except in the impact it has on other lives”. This quote proved true for no one more than the man who said it, Jackie Robinson. Robinson is seen as a pivotal figure in the fight for racial equality in America. However, he didn’t make his impact through speeches, civil right protests, or violent rebellion. Robinson did it by playing the sport he loved, baseball. Sports have always had an ability to bring people together, but, in the last century especially, sports have given racial minorities something they can’t find elsewhere; a chance to compete on a level playing field with everyone else. Jackie Robinson showed that race is simply a myth, a superficial characteristic that holds no insight to the physical or mental abilities of a person. Sports by themselves show no racism and serve as a constant reminder of this racial myth. Sadly, people are more reluctant to abandon old beliefs; meaning racism still runs deep in the organizations that are built around these sports. This research paper will focus mainly on three subcategories: 1) The history of the relationship between sports and race in America; 2) How sports have benefited or damaged race relations; 3) Why certain sports are more popular among different races. The history of sports in America dates all the way back to the Native Americans who played an early form of lacrosse that was used for recreation and promoting teamwork...
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...NFL Case Study 1. Discuss the factors that have resulted in the NFL becoming “America’s Game” and the most popular sport in the country? The fundamental reason for NFL becoming “America’s Game” and the most popular sport in the country is because the NFL was able to market the sport as an entertainment business. Leveraging television and the fact that American football was only played in America, the NFL was able to create a “holiday” feel that was unique and that American’s took pride in, as a result paid more attention to the sport. Another contributing factor was to control the quality of the product. Making sure that each team had the resources to perform professionally and one team could not gain absolute advantage was crucial to maintaining a competitive parity. To do this the NFL implemented controlling cost and revenue sharing, in which the lowest earning team could compete with the highest earning team. 2. Explain the dynamics behind the competitive balance in the NFL versus other U.S. based properties as well as other leagues globally. The NFL has two methods of maintaining parity. Amongst the teams, the NFL uses revenue sharing in three ways: “1. National Revenue Sharing: All national revenue was pooled and split evenly between the teams at the end of the year. 2: Gate Revenue Sharing: Visiting team share was pooled and split evenly. Supplemental revenue sharing: focusing on teams’ local income, teams with higher local revenues transferred a significant...
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...PROFESSIONAL SPORTS The Financial Status of Professional Sports Growth of Professional Sports Major Leagues Minor Leagues State of Women’s Professional Sports Leagues Other Successful Sports Properties The Economic Reality of Professional Sports Team Financial Statements Controlling Player Costs National Football League National Basketball Association Major League Baseball National Hockey League European Soccer’s Path to Financial Health: UEFA’s Financial Fair Play Creative Accounting Roster Depreciation Allowance Franchise Appreciation Summary The Financial Status of Professional Sports Growth of Professional Sports Major Leagues The 1990s and early 2000s was a period of substantial growth for professional sports at all levels. The number of teams in the Big 4 major leagues grew from 103 franchises in 1989 to 122 franchises by 2001. During that time, the National Hockey League (NHL) added eight expansion teams, Major League Baseball (MLB) added four, the National Football League (NFL) added three, and the National Basketball Association (NBA) added five teams. In addition, several new leagues were launched in the 1990s with aspirations of becoming prominent national properties, most notably Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). By 2001, each of the Big 4 leagues had reached a saturation point, having established franchises in nearly every market capable of sustaining a major sports property...
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...are tangible; family, peers, community and agents are only a fraction of the people lining up to share in the fruits of success. Needless to say, this recognition comes with the assumption that they will have a share of the athlete’s financial earnings. So how do these players react to such vast demand and how do they perceive money and its use in different aspects of life? Sports Illustrated published an article in 2009, which shows that on average, 78% of former NFL players go bankrupt within two years of retirement, and about 60% of former NBA players are penniless within five years of ending their career (Torre 1). How is this possible? What are the crucial factors that drive successful athletes to lose all their money, and more importantly, is there a way to avoid such stalemate? “We always felt like if you looked good, played good, they pay good. That was our philosophy” (qtd. in Corben). This is a quote from Keith McCants in Broke, an episode of ESPN’s acclaimed documentary series 30 For 30, that examines professional athletes’ financial behavior and reasons leading up to the substantial amount of sports retirees that are either near or Penttila 2 Juha Penttila EPP 150 11/20/2013 completely penniless at the time of retirement. McCants is a...
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...former learning specialist at the University of North Carolina, who initially broke the story that roughly 1,500 athletes over two decades were taking sham classes. “We have to come up with a bunch of mismatched classes throughout the university that no other person at the university would take,” … “If you're a communications studies major and you've got a football player who's a communications studies major and you look at their worksheets (course plan) side by side, they're completely different,” Willingham said. This shows that athletes are actually given easy passes for graduation. The “education” that the athletes get are actually fake and not very useful after college. As an example, let us say that Kain Colter does not make it in the NFL and he “majored” in architecture. If he were to ask for a job at an architecture company, he would most likely be rejected because of his fake major and the grotty knowledge he gained through...
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...The Best and Worst in Diversifying Sports Abstract Professional sports leagues promote diversity among their players in varied ways and with varied results. Based on The Institution for Diversity and Ethics' 2012 Report for the Race and Gender Report Card, Major League Soccer is the best league to accomplish both. For one, they have the most diverse set of players, both in terms of race and nationality. Another reason is that the rates for both continuously increase. On the other hand, Major League Baseball is the worst when it comes to ensuring diversity among its players, with percentages of minorities in the league barely increasing and more notably decreasing. Both leagues, however, have diversity programs particularly for youth. These include scholarship programs, outreach programs, and training and recruitment programs. Despite these, the contrast in results cannot be overlooked. It is recommended that Major League Baseball expand their recruitment efforts to include partnership with universities and colleges for potential players. Promoting diversity in sports involves clearing the way for players of diverse backgrounds to participate in professional sports leagues. Right now, the major leagues have been exerting effort to do just that - implementing programs that ensure that the leagues are open to qualified players regardless of their cultural background. But the task is not as easy as it seems, and the results of their efforts vary. Based on studies...
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...game is played. Michael Jordan has earned the nickname Air Jordan because of his leaping ability and awesome slam dunks that he made throughout his career and in the all-star game. Michael Jordan attended the University of North Carolina where he played basketball for the Tar Heels during his four years of college Jordan was able to win one NCAA National Championship in 1982. In 1984, during his senior year Jordan won the Naismith College Player of the Year. Which helped him set up for a great future in the NBA, in the draft that year Jordan was past up by two teams and was finally drafted third overall by the Chicago bulls. During his career span with the Bulls Jordan was able the help win six NBA Championships. The NBA Championship is the highest award a team can earn in the NBA it’s like the Super Bowl of the NFL. Jordan is also the only player in history to win all six NBA finals MVP that he has played in. Another fact about Jordan is he is the only player in any sport to play in the All-Star Game every year during his career, a record fourteen times. Over the span of his fourteen year career he was also awarded the MVP of the league five times. His final career numbers are very impressive with 30.1 points per game, 6.2 rebounds per game and 5.3 assist per game. Now this brings me to what fans and writers call the second coming of Michael Jordan the high school phenom LeBron James. It...
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...College sports have always been enjoyable and entertaining to watch. March Madness and the College Football Playoffs are some of the most exciting sports events to view. The Super Bowl and NBA playoffs may be exciting too, but the key difference between professional athletes and collegiate athletes is that college athletes do not get paid. Many professional athletes play for money, so the passion may not be there. College athletes on the other hand, play for pride, their school, and for their team. The passion is obviously there, so it makes the game more intense, more energetic, and more intense. In recent years, a conflict has occurred as in deciding if college athletes should receive a salary or not. College athletes should not get paid...
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...respective industries and capitalize multiple channels that have been created to additional products and other tangible goods account for 10% of Walt Disney’s revenue. Media Networks - $17,162,000,000 is up 6% InteractiveMedia- $761,000,000 is up 7 % ABC/Disney’s Target Market Based on the statistics we gathered. The average age is 44.5 years old, Female, $75,000+ household income, 42% have 1+ child per household, home owners, 32% have some sort of education, median household income is $42,360.00. Children are the base but the parents are the deciding factor. Therefore, Disney aims at the parents. Political – Legal Court Judgments Many broadcasters and advertisers dodged a bullet when the NFL solved its labor issues, however, this was not the case with the NBA. With over half of the NBA season being postponed due to negotiations and court hearings are causing billions of dollars worth of losses for broadcasters and advertisers such as one of the two biggest rights holder, TNT and Disney’s ESPN/ABC. Together they are paying $930 million per season through the end of their contracts in 2016.Various projections say that Turner's TNT, ESPN and ABC could collectively lose out on about $1.25 billion in advertising revenue. Should the entire season be lost, the league itself will eat that broadcast licensing revenue, as well billions of...
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...Association (NBA) Lockout HRMG 5930 Strayer University October 08, 2012 Abstract While there were many who might have been sick of the whole NBA lockout fiasco, and were thinking the NBA lockout may have been a bad thing for all parties involved…it was clear that the lockout not only effected the fans, it also had a lasting effect on many people behind the scenes as well. From the people like the office assistants who did a lot of the scheduling of games, marketing and halftime entertainment, to the concession stand companies and workers, bar owners (who hosted watch parties), the thousands of security guards and ushering staff members that worked and staffed the arenas, the problems trickled down and caused issues and unemployment problems for many people we may not have even though about. In retrospect, the lockout affected a lot more than the players and owners that we have seen on television, it lasted so long that its affect also caused havoc and mayhem in the lives of so many working class folks, that it even forced some to seek part-time or other employment to make ends meet in their households. This paper will address what the NBA lockout was about, what each sides issues were (Owners and Players), what they wanted and set out to achieve, the outcome and what it meant for the owners and players, and finally, CBA affected all parties involved. While the fans and countless others were probably sick and tired of the whole NBA lockout debacle, the 2011 NBA lockout...
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...Professional sports organizations have been a mainstay in American culture since the birth of our country. Recently, a new emergence in the popularity of amateur sports has bred curiosity that like professional athletes, collegiate athletes should receive compensation for their efforts. Many believe that paying college athletes will lead to the decline of amateurism in sports. That is not the case. The NCAA should pay collegiate athletes because full-ride scholarships rarely pay for the full cost of attendance, the NCAA uses players' marketability to endorse their products, and with the immense amount of cash flowing through the ranks in collegiate sports, some of the money should go to the athletes. The rule in the official NCAA rule book...
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