...Rodriguez, Bryce Bash, Alex Chick, Kang Park, Rose Date: 4/3/14 LI Jonathan Turner Unique 49190 Day: Thursday Room: 1.24 Lab Start Time 1:30pm Exercise 10 Lab Report Adhere to UT’s Honor Code and course policies. Answer group questions individually first before compiling them into one consensus group response. Individual questions are to be answered independently. Balance between brevity and completeness. Show your work for all calculations and be sure to include proper units where necessary. Any secondary resources need to be cited. One printed report is to be submitted at the START of your next laboratory period as well as a digital pdf version uploaded to Canvas. GROUP QUESTIONS 1. List the functions of the following external structures: (3 pts.) (a.) Chelapeds: large walking appendages of a crayfish; appendages allow the crayfish to grasp and tear food, and also defend itself (b.) Walking legs: the 4 pairs of appendages used to locomote in the crayfish, they are equipped with gills which allows for gas exchange (taking in oxygen, releasing carbon dioxide) (c:.) Maxillapeds: an appendage modified for feeding: holding food, touching and tasting (d.) Cephalothorax: the first segment of a crayfish, consisting of a head fused to the thorax (e.) Genital pore: location of where sperm or eggs are released (f.) Nephridiopore: Part of the excretory system for removing nitrogenous waste. (g.) Abdomen: the multi-segmented posterior region of the crayfish used to swim backwards...
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...course and work ethics, warranty claims, available student support services, expected accomplishments, and specific timelines. INSTITUTIONAL MISSION: Atlanta Technical College, a unit of the Technical College System of Georgia, located in the city of Atlanta, is an accredited institution of higher education that provides affordable lifelong learning opportunities, associate degrees, diplomas, technical certificates of credit, customized business and industry training, continuing education and other learning services using state-of-the-art technology. The integration of academics and applied career preparation to enhance student learning is essential in meeting the workforce demands and economic development needs of the people, businesses, and communities of Fulton County. Course Title: Anatomy and Physiology II Course Code Number: BIO 2114 Prerequisites: BIO 2113 Contact Hours: 70 Includes: Class Hours: 4 D. Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 5 Instructor's Name: Barry N. Bates Office Room Number: 2107 Office Phone Number: 404.225. 4583 Office Fax Number: 404.225.4641 Instructor's Email Address: bbates@atlantatech.edu Office Hours: T.B.D. Course Time: 1:00 PM – 4:00 PM Lab Time: Days: Monday and Wednesday Room Number: 2124 COURSE DESCRIPTION: BIO 2114 Anatomy and Physiology II, emphasizes the physiology of the human body. It provides a solid foundation for...
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...Tissues: An introduction Lab Report Part 1 This lab is divided into two different parts. Part 1 deals with the general characteristics of tissues, and part 2 asks you to interpret some photomicrographs taken of human tissue slides in our lab. Part one should be completed first, but you’ll probably get a lot of hints about the answers for part 2 if you’ve looked over the images and questions provided ahead of time to work on them. To do Part 1, download the following documents and have your textbook available. Part 1 Characteristics of tissues A. Epithelial Tissues What are five general characteristics which distinguish epithelial tissues? (1. Cellularity: tightly packed sheets of cells with little intercellular material between them 2. Basement membrane; the basal surface of ETs are anchored to underlying CT by a distinct basement membrane 3. Specialized contacts: tight junctions and desmosomes 4. Avascularity: contain no blood vessels; are nourished by nutrients which diffuse upward from underlying connective tissue through the basement membrane 5. Regeneration: high regeneration capacity due to rapid cell division ) Explain how the general morphology of epithelial cells may be deduced from the names of the epithelial tissues. (The names of the epithelial cells are characteristic of their structure: simple=single layer stratified=many layers squamous=flat cuboidal=cube shaped columnar=elongated ) Epithelial tissues specialized for secretion can be found...
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...led scientists to giant leaps forward in many fields like, biology, and anatomy, just to name a few. Studying the differences among animals gives humans the ability to understand life from its basic forms. Invertebrates and vertebrates easily make up the most complex and beautiful animals in our world. An understanding of how they form, evolve and reproduce is essential to many tasks in the field of scientific inquiry. From the highest and most respected labs in cancer research to the highly respected zoology labs to the smaller classroom labs of local schools to the everyday problem solver and logical thinker a basis for understanding invertebrates and vertebrates is crucial. Without it our society would be very different, fields like medicine and psychology would be almost nonexistent. To further understand the difference between these organisms it is important to note characteristics both common and uncommon among them, I have in the following paragraph written a synopsis of these differences to reveal what this lab report serves to investigate. Animal classification sorts out similarities and differences between animals as a means of placing animals in groups and then breaking those groups into subgroups. The whole process creates a hierarchy in which the large high-level groups sort out more obvious differences, while the low-level groups deal with more subtle differences. This labeling allows scientists to describe evolutionary relationships, identify shared traits, and...
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...The pancreas is a part of the endocrine system, and is located in the abdominal cavity surrounded by the liver, gallbladder, spleen, and stomach. The pancreas processes both exocrine and endocrine function. The exocrine function consists of the secretion of digestive enzymes into the duodenum through ducts. The enzymes digest starches and fats. The endocrine functions are a cluster of cells called the islets of Langerhans and only make up 2% of the pancreatic tissue. The islets of Langerhans is made up of three cells, alpha, beta, and delta. There function is to secrete hormones and paracrine products. The most important hormones secreted are insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Alpha cells secrete glucagon, which increase blood glucose levels between meals. Beta cells secrete insulin, this is secreted when the level of glucose rises in the blood. Insulin stimulates cells to store nutrients to use between meals and at night to maintain blood glucose levels. Delta cells secrete somatostatin, after meals when blood glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids raise in the blood. Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant cancer. Tumors commonly originate from the epithelial cells of the pancreatic ductal system. This can happen in two ways, one that it has metastasized from a different part of the body, generally the lungs, breast, thyroid, kidneys, and skin. Second form is a primary tumor manly adenocarcinomas. Adenocarcinomas occur in secretory cells called...
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... a. The only good reason for missing lab is DEATH (your own). b. You may be given notes or special instructions during the first few minutes of lab. Make special note of any changes in materials to be used or procedures to be followed. 2. BRING MATERIALS/SUPPLIES. a. Bring your laboratory manual and notebook to class everyday. b. Be sure to put your name on everything (including boxes of gloves, if you brought them). 3. COME PREPARED TO WORK. a. Prepare yourself BEFORE lab by reading the assigned exercise. It is important to have some understanding of what you are to do since the class periods are not very long, and some classes are large. b. Be prepared for a poptest on the material covered the day before or material to be covered each day. 4. CHECK IN. a. Use only equipment that is assigned to you. b. Each day you will assemble the following dissection material: dissection tray and specimen, blunt probe, sharp probe, forceps (tweezers), scissors, and a scalpel. c. BEFORE YOU BEGIN EACH DAY, check to see that all dissection equipment is clean and in place. Report any dirty or misplaced equipment to the instructor immediately. Dirty or misplace equipment will result in a daily grade of zero for the prior users. 5. BE SAFE. a. NEVER eat, drink, or chew gum while dissecting in the laboratory. b. Report any injuries to yourself or damage to equipment...
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...tomatoes were testales tasteless, which explains Atwood's idea that science is not perfect. However a study was done in South Africa on rats that were fed genetically modified ( GM) tomatoes in one section and genetically modified potatoes in another to discover the effect of genetic engineering on different plants in the digestive system(Smith 5). However the results were not pleasing, the rats that ate tomatoes developed stomach severe lesions and seven out of forty rats died for unexplained tumor ( smith 7). On the other side the group of rats that was fed the GM potatoes grew precancerous cells, had damaged immunity and slow development of the brain( Smith 9). Scientist also searched for data about the harm of GM crops in humans and how GM agriculture is still growing in several counties after the...
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...bioengineering is being used to yield more crops and curb the effects of herbicides. But the risks in using GMOs may far outweigh the benefits. GMO foods are becoming increasingly available and are a threat to our health and our agricultural system. Basically GMOs are organisms that have had their genes altered through bio-engineering. These plants and/or animals have their genetic makeup changed, usually in a lab, in order to add or remove certain characteristics. Genes from other animals, viruses, or bacteria are artificially inserted into organisms in order to create new organisms that would not occur naturally. Corn, for example, has been genetically modified to produce its own pesticide and resist herbicides. Nearly 70% of all the corn grown in the United States was modified in this way. (Smith) And if you look at the ingredient list of almost any packaged food, you’ll see that there is corn in almost all of it. Corn is also the main ingredient in much of the feed given to farm animals, such as pigs and cows. So no matter what you eat, it is almost certain to contain some amount GM (Genetically Modified) corn. These new types of crops have some people to refer to them as “frankenfoods” a play on the fact that these foods are essentially created a lab by scientists. This new food technology helps farmers yield more crops than ever before, and in turn make more money. Recently there has been much debate as to whether GMO foods are safe for our planet or our bodies. Agricultural...
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...Effect of Substances on the Heart Rate of a Daphnia Magna Lab Report Katherine Schmucker WCCC/Semester 2 A&P 2/Bio-072 Dr. Matthew Sisak February 6, 2015 Introduction: The substances that were applied to the Daphnia were aspirin, nasal spray, adrenalin, acetylcholine, and alka seltzer (College, p. 42). Aspirin’s active additive is acetyl salicylic acid (Henderson, n.d.). The nasal spray’s active additive is “therapeutic (Administration, 2002).” Adrenalin’s active additive is “acid tartrate (Agency, n.d.).” Acetylcholine contains “5-methyl tetrahydrofolate, huperzine A, and alpha-tocotrienol (Research, 2015).” Alka seltzer’s active additive include aspirin, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid (Alka-Seltzer Effervescent Tablets Original,...
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...Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo • Toronto Editor-in-Chief: Serina Beauparlant Project Editor: Sabrina Larson PhysioEx Project Editor: Erik Fortier Editorial Assistant: Nicole Graziano Managing Editor: Wendy Earl Production Editor: Leslie Austin Composition: Cecelia G. Morales Cover Design: Riezebos Holzbaur Design Group Senior Manufacturing Buyer: Stacey Weinberger Marketing Manager: Gordon Lee Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 1301 Sansome St., San Francisco, CA 94111. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, 1900 E. Lake Ave., Glenview, IL 60025. For information regarding permissions, call (847) 486-2635. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products...
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...Elaina Westegaard ENG-123-X1530 17 November 2015 How Are GMOs Affecting the Environment and Our Health? Food has been one of the basic needs since the birth of a person. History shows that the production of food only consisted of hunting, harvesting, and farming. During these times, it usually took a long time before these foods arrived at the dining tables of families. However, today, technology has allowed the mass production of food. Unfortunately, the market has taken advantage of technology, not letting us know how food is made, leading to the birth of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). GMOs are widely used in most foods today. Though most people are unaware of this, GMOs even exist in some of their favorite food products. Many reports tell that diseases, such as E-Coli and Salmonella, have been caught from GM-foods. Furthermore, researchers and doctors believe that GMOs carry a huge risk; although, some scientists claim that GMOs are completely safe for human consumption. GMOs should be banned because they have a negative impact on human health, and potential risks on the environment. Although GMOs were only introduced in 1996, the side effects can already be seen: there have been increased allergic reactions, antibiotic resistant bacteria and other toxic hazards. While these side effects of GMOs may seem minuscule in the grand scheme of things, the lasting effects can be much more drastic. More and more children are having life-threatening allergies, which can be contributed...
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...Pill Bug Lab Report DESIGN Research Question: Will a pill bug prefer fresh or decomposing tomatoes since both are present in their diet? Background: The Armadillidium vulgare (common pill bug) that we have seen as kids rolling into a ball when disturbed is a crustacea that belongs to an animal group called isopods. Pill bugs are crustaceans that have adapted to terrestrial habitats. According to Koehler (1994), “They are wingless, oval or slightly elongated arthropods about 12 inch in length and slate-gray with body segments resembling armored plates” (p. 1). Pill bugs lack tails and were given the name “rolly-pollies” to further describe their tendency to roll into a tight ball when frightened or in danger. Pill bugs crawl around on their...
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...Instructor’s Manual for the Laboratory Manual to Accompany Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Eighth Edition Terry R. Martin Kishwaukee College [pic] [pic] Instructor’s Manual for the Laboratory Manual to Accompany Hole’s essentials of human anatomy and physiology, eighth edition David shier, jackie butler, and ricki lewis Published by McGraw-Hill Higher Education, an imprint of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2003, 2000, 1998. All rights reserved. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in print form solely for classroom use with Hole’s essentials of human anatomy and physiology, eighth edition, provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any other form or for any other purpose without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. www.mhhe.com Contents PREFACE V An Overview vi Instructional Approaches viii Correlation of Textbook Chapters and Laboratory Exercises ix Suggested Time Schedule xi Fundamentals of Human Anatomy and Physiology Exercise 1 Scientific Method and Measurements 1 Exercise 2 Body Organization...
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...HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS Blanca A. Harper Grand Canyon University: Community/Public Health Nursing October 25, 2015 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a devastating virus that a person can acquire if they are not careful with their bodies. HIV has a history of fear, illnesses and even death but the technology we have now has improved a person’s quality of life and also has prolonged their life throughout the years. In the AIDS.gov site it cited CDC stating “Over the past decade, the number of people living with HIV has increased, while the annual number of new HIV infections has remained relatively stable. Still, the pace of new infections continues at far too high a level—particularly among certain groups” (HIV, 2014). This paper will be talking about the description of HIV, describing the determinants of health and factors that contribute to the development of HIV. It will also be discussing the epidemiologic triangle of HIV, explaining the role of the community health nurse and will identify at least one national organization that addresses HIV. Causes and mode of transmission of HIV are sharing drug needles with someone who is infected with HIV as well as having unprotected sexual intercourse (oral, anal, vaginal), contact with semen, infected blood (blood transfusions), pregnancy, childbirth and or breastfeeding. You cannot get infected with HIV by consensual contact such as holding or shaking hands...
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...NUR 251 March 25, 2011 Objectives Give three examples of side‐effects that if occur you should immediately contact your doctor. Name two nursing assessments or interventions when caring for a patient on corticosteroid therapy. Corticosteroid Therapy Facts Corticosteroids are any of a class of steroid hormones that either are produced in the adrenal cortex or are synthetic analogues. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, fat metabolism, retention of sodium in the kidneys, immune response and regulation of inflammation, bone development, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. Corticosteroid Therapy Facts The long‐term administration of corticosteroids in therapeutic doses can often leads to serious complications and side effects. Therapy is reserved for diseases in which there is a risk of death or permanent loss of function, and conditions in which short‐ term therapy is likely to produce remission or recovery. Corticosteroid Therapy Facts There are many ways steroids can be delivered, and these include orally, topically, injections or via nasal or bronchial inhalation. Different types of steroids can be used, and delivery and type may change common side effects. Effects of Corticosteroid Therapy Anti‐inflammatory action As a result, manifestations of inflammation, including redness, tenderness, heat...
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