...machine language and assembly language? Machine language is the computer programming language that can be used for direct programming of the machine whereas Assembly languages are used to create a program on computer and then assembler is user to convert the program into binary code of machine level code. 2. Why are there so many programming languages? Evolution: Computer science is a young discipline; we’re constantly finding better ways to do things. The late 1960s and early 1970s saw a revolution in “structured programming,” in which the go to-based control flow of languages like Fortran, Cobol, and Basic2 gave way to while loops, case statements, and similar higher-level constructs. .Special Purposes: Many languages were designed for a specific problem domain. The various Lisp dialects are good for manipulating symbolic data and complex data structures. . C is good for low-level systems programming. Each of these languages can be used successfully for a wider range of tasks, but the emphasis is clearly on the specialty. Personal Preference: Different people like different things. Some people find it natural to think recursively; others prefer iteration. Some people like to work with pointers; others prefer the implicit dereferencing of Lisp, Clu, Java, and ML. The strength and variety of personal preference make it unlikely that anyone will ever develop a universally acceptable programming language. Expressive Power: One commonly hears arguments that one language...
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...Contents Introduction 2 The Python Programming Language 2 History of Python 2 Features 4 Advantages and Disadvantages 5 Python vs. C 5 Summary 11 Bibliography 12 Introduction After comparing several programming languages, I have found many books and websites expressing how fast and efficient Python is. Further, many research papers describe the advantages of adding Python to computer sciences classes. For this reason I decided to study this language and compare it to one that I am familiar with, like the C language. This paper contains the history of Python, from its creation until now. It shows the features that make Python so popular, and the differences between Python and other languages. Most importantly, it explains the four pillars that are the foundation of the Python programming language, which are to provide quality, increase productivity, portability, and integration. Through this paper illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of Python, by showing that, although an interpretative language such as Python will never be as fast as a compiled language like C, it will be more efficient and useful in a variety of cases. The Python Programming Language History of Python Python (Software, 2011) is a relatively recent, object-oriented, interpreted scripting language created by Guido van Rossum at Stichting Mathematisch Centrum (CVI) in the Netherlands. According to Mark Pilgrim, Python is a successor of the ABC...
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...platforms. Java Java is kenned as both a programming language and a development platform. It was first developed by Sun Microsystems in 1991 and subsequently relinquished in 1995. To help to make the language more accepted and accessible, Sun Microsystems developed it as an object oriented language with a syntax that is very similar to C++. (Java vs. .NET, 2007) Sun Microsystems decided to create this new platform out of a desire to be able to write programs only once that could be run on any system. (James) The Java 2 platform was launched in December 1998. This was a major amelioration of the platform, and included incipient graphics, user interface, and enterprise capabilities. This upgrade was over seven times as large as the initial Java 1.0 release and marked the maturity of the Java platform. (What is java?) Within the Java 2 platform there are 3 editions: • The Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE) Provides the essential compiler, tools, runtimes, and APIs for writing, deploying, and running applets and applications. • The Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) Defines a standard for developing multi-tier enterprise applications. • The Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) Enables Java development on such devices as PDAs and smart phones. (Java vs. .NET, 2007) To run a program utilizing the Java language all source code is first created in a text file and saved with the .java extension. The javac compiler then compiles all these source files into a .class file. The .class file is...
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...Advantages and Disadvantages of Java v. .NET University of Phoenix CSS/422 .NET and Java There is no shortage of definitions for software architecture but in a general sense it is the blueprint for a system, its properties and the relationships among all of the elements. It specifies all of the actions to be taken by the design and implementations teams. There are various differences between .NET and Java Technology so there are certainly advantages and disadvantages to using one or the other as software architecture. The choice, however, depends on the scope of the project and the skill of the design team. Both .NET and Java have platforms that offer a good solid foundation for project design. Java Technology is the choice of many developers because of its work-saving features and ease of use. “.NET and web services are tightly integrated and it is easier to create a basic web service in .NET” (Ranck, 2002). Advantages A major advantage of .NET is that it allows for the use of multiple languages and horizontal scalability. This feature makes it an ideal choice by developers for software architecture if they want to write programs in C++, Java or Virtual Basic because it provides a unified environment in which to work. It is easily developed and supported. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said for Java which is limited to use with the Java programming language only. Another advantage of .NET is that the interface is easily...
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...Comparison of open source OS and closed source OS Ted Wallick University of Phoenix The definition of closed source Operating System(OS), is any OS made but it's code and functionality is private to the vendor that made it. The end user can neither look at it's core/kernel or change it in any way. If an end user needs a change made, a change request has to be sent to the vendor to get adjustments made. This is how most commercial software is developed. Microsoft Windows OS (PC and mobile), Apple OS X, IOS, and UNIX, are primary examples of closed OS. Closed OS has some Pros and Cons. Pros: * Vendors have complete control over hardware and functionality. * The vendor gets to set some standards with how software and hardware are developed to work with the OS. * Vendor controls Versions and updates * Vendor controls any security issues (personally I would not want this hot potato) * Vendor has some control over what 3rd party developers make * Easier for the OS vendor and 3rd party developers to make money. Cons: * Response to system exploits (things that allow hackers to do whatever) is slower than open source OS due to a limited amount of code monkeys that have intimate knowledge and access to the OS code base * Closed OSs cost end users money hand over fist. Major upgrades will cost money. Most 3rd party software will cost large amounts of money. This is only fair to the people that put great time, effort and money to develop the tools...
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...Open Source vs. Closed Source Open source and Closed source, two topics that have become quite the buzz in the world Information Technology (IT). Chances are, if you work in IT, you will eventually be faced with having to decide on witch of these technologies you will have to go with when planning for an upgrade or new IT system implementation. Before choosing which technology to go with we as IT professionals must first understand the difference between the two as well as carefully weight the benefits and disadvantages of each solution. An Open Source Operating system refers to software whose source code, the medium in which programmers create and modify software, is freely available on the Internet; whereas, by contrast the closed source code for proprietary commercial software is usually a closely guarded secret and is not available to the public. (Crooke, 2012) Notable open source operating systems include Android and Linux. Notable Closed source OS include Apple iOS. The two major benefit of using an Open source software is that the software is distributed under a variety of licensing terms, but almost all have two things in common: the software can be used without paying a license fee, and anyone can modify the software to add capabilities not envisaged by its originators. (Crooke, 2012) These benefit help to lower cost of products as well as offer customers the ability to customize platforms as needed to meeting business needs. The disadvantage that is associated...
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...difficulty of web application grows, the need to develop an architecture for the web application is become necessary in order to support and guide an organization for web system planning, maintenance, deployment, building and design. This research paper presents an abstract view for web application architecture and it will be focused on the comparison of existing applications architecture. Moreover, it discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these architectural designs. Key words Web application, Architecture, Framework, MVC, Ajax, SOFEA. 1. Introduction The history of web application has begun when Tim Berners-Lee and his colleagues in 1989 were working together on their project for a distributed hypertext system, they did not have a clue of how the World Wide Web would look alike tomorrow [1]. While many of documents and accessible resources on the web were growing, also the different category of programming languages and technologies for web page generation increased. Additionally, the different category of programming languages and technologies caused a growth in the variety of possibilities and applications on the web [3]. Nowadays, the World Wide Web or WWW is not only of an huge information system that consists of million documents and information, it can also host distributed applications that give a concurrent access to users from all around the world [1]. Where the browsers are acting as platform containers for the applications’ graphical...
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...of the UNIX operating system, because they have some of the same features. Out of the three most popular operating systems, Linux is surprisingly enough is the least popular. It is growing in popularity as more and more systems start to use it, but it still has a long way to go. The information that follows will give some of the history behind Linux and the features, benefits, and drawbacks to the system. In 1986, Linus Torvalds began to learn, quite extensively, hardware programming to help him with his Sinclair computer. He developed a floppy controller driver as well as a programming tool to help him with his efforts to better understand and improve the performance of his machine. In 1991, Torvalds got his first 386-Intel based PC, which ran a version of UNIX called Minix. Minix was developed as a learning system and was very popular in the universities. Torvalds found out very quickly that he did not like the Terminal emulator that was provided, and since the source code for Minix was open source, he began a project to develop his own code to design an improved emulator that provided more functions especially on a hardware level. As he further developed the code and more functionality was added Torvalds decided that his design was more on the lines of an operating system instead of just a utility. Although the code was derived from Minix the Kernel was developed from scratch as to not violate any of the licensing agreements. On September 17, 1991, the very first version...
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...Riordan’s Windows Server and Linux Critique Learning Team A POS/420 Date: Instructor: Riordan’s Windows Server and Linux Critique At the request of Riordan Manufacturing, Inc., the project team conducted a thorough review to compare the advantages and disadvantages of Windows Server and Linux. The recommendation of an operating system will ensure Riordan’s business operations continue with compatibility between all locations with the highest level of security, administration, networking, performance, and programmabilityimplemented. Security Although there are proponents everywhere for each type of operating system available on the market today, the focus of this project team, at the request of Riordan management, is to compare the security advantages and disadvantages of Windows Server and Linux. Windows Server Advantages. Windows Server has improved over the years in providing basic security provisions for administrators. Access to any system is extremely important to security professionals, such as domain name system (DNS), active directory domain services (AD), and access to web servers using Internet Information Services (IIS). DNS security extensions (DNSSEC) provide added security when a consumer is gaining access to a company’s website as well as how the company interacts...
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...important in certain business dealings that are made these days. Computers have picked up essentialness as they have heightened the ability and efficiency of work done. A lot of data in modern and business divisions and in addition in the individual lives are put away on computers. However, computer system is not a simple machine and it able to do all functions with fast rate. The computer system is a gathering of these directions that have a typical reason. A gathering of related projects to complete facilitated figuring errands is alluded to as a bundle. Programming is a nonspecific term for sorted out accumulations of computers information and directions, frequently broken into two significant classes’ framework programming that gives the fundamental non-errand particular elements of the computers, and application software which is utilized by clients to fulfil particular assignments. Some example of system such as programming language translator that had installed into a computers it contain with a worldwide languages, and communication is the one of the software it used to deliver distance admission the files and messages in text, audio or the video formats between the different computers users. However, the application can be divided into two which are web application and application software Analysis/ Review Web...
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...While contrasting UNIX systems to Windows a few of the features discovered in UNIX incorporate: the usage of simple text for saving data; a ordered file system; UNIX manages tools for example printing equipments, mouse and keyboard and also other tools like files. The UNIX system also manages directories and procedures like files. There's only one root directory inside the UNIX operating system hierarchical tree. UNIX utilizes devices and applications via the command line in contrast to utilizing a single monolithic application which includes all the same functionality. The kernel offers services to begin and stop applications, deals with the file system that saves and arranges the computer system files and data. The kernel usually shifts data into as databases for storage and use. Both UNIX and Windows file systems are ordered and both support lengthy names as much as 255 characters. File Processing Evaluation UNIX programs that are based upon simple text files for setup use a lot of powerful devices that are utilized to process text files. Piping is widely utilized to reroute the result of one command to the input of the subsequent command. UNIX deals with most command in a consecutive order (first in first out) but the procedure may be overridden by making use of variables and alternatives (ADD). This lets commands to be installed collectively and implemented without storing all the results to an output file. UNIX utilizes commands that include: Echo - shows text...
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...Most people are aware know the computer reads information in binary language, which are 0’s and 1’s. The operating system shell allows users to interact with it by reading commands, which are inputted by the keyboard. The output of the command entered by the user will be displayed on the screen. Shell scripting can be used to create and customize the system administration task. Users can monitor their system, network, users, create data backups and security policies, etc. Shell scripting has several advantages and disadvantages. Some advantages are the user friendliness, time saving, and easily be troubleshot. However, some disadvantages are slow execution speed, compatibility issue within different operating...
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...Ankit Shukla Srushti Ram Yugantar Sharma ABSTRACT Business Intelligence conveys a rich arrangement of advantages that drive important and substantial profit for theory. It uproots the many-sided quality of changing over crude information into significant business insight by giving associations the ability to change information from different sources into precise, consumable data that can be shared safely all through the endeavor. It empowers clients to make educated business choices rapidly and unquestionably by giving the inquiry and reporting instruments they have to discover, offer, oversee, distribute and investigate data. The objective of Business Intelligence is to empower administration to settle on more shrewd choices on the premise of learning separated from information. Does this imply having information is constantly great, that having more information and removing more Knowledge from it is better, and that learning can be gotten just from information? Business insight is accepted to have the most elevated effect on associations over next couple of years as they progressively fuse the innovation in ERP and CRM programming, a late study appears. In looking over more than 1600 officials in 36 nations, the Aberdeen Group found that one in four distinguished BI and investigation as the product innovation with the most proclaimed impact in 2009. "Organizations are finding that BI has numerous uses inside of the association, however the boundaries to achievement lie in...
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...The application-programming interface of the Linux kernel is individual and does not interfere with any other programs. The Linux kernel has several layers first we have the lowest layer which is the interaction between the kernel and the hardware. The middle layer is divided into four areas first it handles character devices and terminal handling, the second area manages network device drivers and also networking protocols, the third area manages disk device drivers, virtual memory, file systems, file mapping and buffer caches. While the final area manages, initializing and termination, scheduling, process dispatching and signal handling. Finally the top layer in which the system calls, traps and interrupts are located which acts as an interface to the lower layers...
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...choice of a network monitoring solution is a must factor in the business. In this paper we have discussed such software which are already exists for Network Monitoring. We have also discussed some issues regarding use of Java RMI for Distributed objects i.e. evolution of RMI protocol and Enhancing the speed of RMI protocol. This paper may leads to a future scope for creation of Network Monitoring System using java RMI. Keywords: - RMI, SOAP, RPC. this project idea we are trying to build a software system that can serve us to achieve all this needs. 2. RELATED WORK We have done the literature survey of other technologies available to cater the same concept. We found some advantages, technologies; disadvantages we are and limitations to in these those trying overcome disadvantages & limitations in our system. A. Team viewer:Team Viewer is one of network monitoring software which is used for establish a connection to any computer via the Internet and control it remotely or simply present your own desktop – all without worrying about firewalls, IP addresses or NAT.[18]smooth operation – even behind firewalls, security, conference facilities[19]. Disadvantages:a. Every time while building session new id and password get generated for security purposes but it is hectic to tell password to administer and get authentication for each new session. b. It will show a little bad in very slow connection. 1....
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