...Atmosphere → You discuss how the atmosphere is impacted by climate change with at least one real-world example (ex. How are excess greenhouse gases impacting the atmosphere? How has the atmosphere changed over time? What has caused this change? Which weather patterns have changed due to atmospheric changes?) Hydrosphere → You discuss how the hydrosphere is impacted by climate change with at least one real-world example (ex. How has the water cycle changed because of climate change? What has happened to sea/land ice and glaciers over time? Are some areas of the world experiencing floods/droughts/hurricanes at unusual rates? Why?) Lithosphere → You discuss how the lithosphere is impacted by climate change with at least one real-world example (ex. What is happening is Iceland now that glaciers are melting? What is happening with permafrost in arctic areas due to increasing global temperatures? What causes mudslides or large amounts of erosion because of climate change?) https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/01/mudslides-california-wildfires-drought-extreme-weather-spd/...
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...Study fig 1, a map showing tectonic features in the Philippines. Comment on the degree to which the area of the Philippines might be subject to tectonic hazards | Outline the formation of hot spots and explain their relationship to plate movement | With reference to 2 volcanic events that you have studied from contrasting areas of the world, compare the nature of the volcanic hazard and its impact | | “Volcanic and seismic events are major pieces of evidence towards proving that plate tectonics theory is valid”. Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement. | June 2011 | Study fig 1 which is an image of the sea bed of the N Atlantic Ocean … Comment on the extent to which the features shown support the theory of plate tectonics. | Describe the characteristics of, and explain the formation of, minor forms of extrusive volcanic activity. | In what ways does volcanic activity vary in relation to the type of plate margin along which it occurs. | | Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors. | Jan 2012 | Study fig 1 which shows the relationship between shaking intensity (Mercalli scale) and different types of building...
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... Hot and Cold Weather Comparisons Albert Weyant COMM/215 - Essentials of College Writing September 15, 2012 Dr. Nancy Reynolds Hot and Cold Weather Hot and cold climates will be discussed and the different comparisons between them. I will state my opinions and objectives pertaining to the two climates. The differences I will discuss are the climates, activities, and locations. Millions of people prefer to use the two different climates to accommodate themselves when the climates are in a comfortable temperature for them. Each year many lives are lost because of heat stroke and flu. The numbers are not very close. Four times as many people die from flu than heat stroke related deaths. Some prefer hot over cold and some, cold over hot. The differences between hot and cold are extreme. People have their own reasoning for the preferences. The first difference between Hot and Cold Weather are the climates The American Heritages, “the long-term prevalent weather conditions of an area, determined by latitude, position relative to oceans or continents, altitude, etc.,” describe climate. (2005). Climate, described by Merriam-Webster, is, “the non-specialist, climate means expected or habitual weather at a particular place and time of year. To the specialist, climate also denotes the degree...
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...known as atmospheric scientists, are experts on the atmosphere, weather, and climate. Meteorologists study the aforementioned categories and how they will affect not only the Earth, but human beings as well. Compiling and collecting data, developing forecasts, and understanding weather patterns are part of a meteorologist’s duties. Furthermore, meteorologists may invent new instruments to collect weather pattern or climate data, while consulting clients on the opportunities and risks associated with climate changes and atmospheric events. If you have an enthusiasm for analyzing data, mathematics, weather patterns, and science, this may be a career area you want to explore further. Why Become A Meteorologist...
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...contributing to the changes in global climate, which are consequently having a negative effect on weather patterns and the frequency and severity of weather related natural disasters. Global warming has become alarming recently. Over the past decades, research has been conducted on climate change and its impact and how it directly or indirectly influences the health and well being of the planet and its inhabitants. This essay will cover the risk and impacts of climate (weather) – related natural disasters such as storms, floods, droughts, rainfall and extreme temperature. Research over the past few decades has done much to clarify the evidence that global climate is changing and these changes are largely due to human influence. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),(2014) linked the risks of climate change to the increase in emission of greenhouse gas through human activities resulting from increased in population and economic growth. According to World Health Organization (WHO), (2014) the increase in human activities has impose dextra force on the climate system, most especially the burning of fossil fuels result in the emission of greenhouse gases and carbon dioxide. They accumulate and cause extra heat on the surface temperature, increasing the climate variability and influencing climate change.As the atmosphere accumulates energy, it yields to the increasing greenhouse gas concentration causing climate change and extreme weather that may lead to natural disasters;...
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...The essay will elaborate more on Sea level rise that occurred due to climate change. Sea level rise is a serious global threat that continued to grow due to greenhouse gas emissions and associated with the global warming. In context, Solomon Islands like most of the South Pacific countries had been ignorant about the issue of the increased concentration of greenhouse gases and its effects until recently. And as such, comprehensive understanding of sea level rise and climate change it real associated with increasing green house gases. There is still no local study carried out in the Solomon Islands yet on the local impacts of climate change and sea level rise. Despite these limitations, it is still possible to make general projections based...
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...allows the sun’s radiation to get to Earth and absorbs some of the infrared radiation from Earth. Without the greenhouse effect, we would release too much infrared energy which would cause our planet to freeze. Greenhouse gases actually occur naturally and they are good for us and the planet because they are responsible for keeping the Earth warm enough to sustain life. 2. (8pts) Draw the atmosphere’s vertical temperature profile from the surface to about 75 miles high. Clearly label the different layers and the boundaries between the layers. (Be sure to properly label the axes of your graph). 3. (9pts) Discuss three different types of “apparent temperature”. (Do not give three examples of the same type of apparent temperature). For each type, explain why the “how-it-feels” temperature differs from the actual air temperature. 1. Due to the serious effects on your health that weather can have on a person, the Heat Index was developed. The heat index takes into account air temperature and relative humidity to determine the apparent temperature of what it feels like outside. This differs from the actual air temperature as it can feel hotter outside when there is less humidity in the air. 2. How the wind makes us feel can be explained by the wind chill index. When the wind blows, it moves the warm insulating air away from you and heat is rapidly lost. When the wind blows faster, we lose heat even faster...
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...offers activities that the mountain cannot offer and vice versa. The mountain and the beach are totally different. The purpose of this essay is to contrast the climate, types of activities and locations of beaches and mountains. I’m going to discuss mountains first. The three aspects I’m going to discuss are climate, types of activities and location. Climate is always important in order to enjoy vacations. If a person dislikes cold weather, he or she might have a hard time in the mountains. The cold climate in the mountains is the first barrier to enjoying them, but the climate and the temperature of these zones also determine the types of activities they offer. Snow boarding, mountain climbing, mountain biking, hiking, and skiing are some activities people can enjoy when going to the mountains. There are many regions that have mountains where people can go and have a great vacation. Canada is a country located in North America and contains many mountain vacation sites where people can go and have fun. I’m going to discuss the beach second. The three aspects I’m going to discuss are climate, types of activities and location. Warm climate is one of the most important features that the beach has. Sun and fun are two words that describe the beach. The temperature in those places is always hot. The sea and the warm climate determine the activities that are available at the beach. People can swim, play volleyball, play soccer, and ride water bikes. In most coastal sites, there are...
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...offers activities that the mountain cannot offer and vice versa. The mountain and the beach are totally different. The purpose of this essay is to contrast the climate, types of activities and locations of beaches and mountains. I’m going to discuss mountains first. The three aspects I’m going to discuss are climate, types of activities and location. Climate is always important in order to enjoy vacations. If a person dislikes cold weather, he or she might have a hard time in the mountains. The cold climate in the mountains is the first barrier to enjoying them, but the climate and the temperature of these zones also determine the types of activities they offer. Snowboarding, mountain climbing, mountain biking, hiking, and skiing are some activities people can enjoy when going to the mountains. There are many regions that have mountains where people can go and have a great vacation. Canada is a country located in North America and contains many mountain vacation sites where people can go and have fun. I’m going to discuss the beach second. The three aspects I’m going to discuss are climate, types of activities and location. Warm climate is one of the most important features that the beach has. Sun and fun are two words that describe the beach. The temperature in those places is always hot. The sea and the warm climate determine the activities that are available at the beach. People can swim, play volleyball, play soccer, and ride water bikes. In most coastal sites, there are...
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...and climate change exist, and the two have called for a world attention to reducing their impacts. The Great Eight nations, including U.S., have convened various global summits where heads of states come to debate how to counter the increased climate change. Various recommendations have been proposed to counter the effects of climate change and devise ways in which the change are accommodated. This paper will discuss the rhetorical questions asked by the author of the journal article. ‘Adaptation’ is authored by Eric Klinenberg and is published in a journal called The New Yorker. The targeted audience is the people of New York, who have suffered the effects of climate change in the city. The article is written by the department of urban planning. This gives the author authority to address his audience since the department is concerned with enlightening the urban population about things that affect their everyday life. The date of publication is January 2013 making it relevant even to date. The city of New York is still subject to heat waves, hurricanes, and floods. The journal article is titled Adaptation: How can cities be “climate proofed”. The title articulates the content since it is taking about adapting to climate change in New York and other cities. This is after Hurricane Sandy that occurred in New York. The author focuses on how cities can take measures to adapt to weather changes. By climate proofing, the author means taking measures to prevent adverse weather condition...
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...I. History of El Niño El Niño is one of the most powerful forces driving global weather. El Niño is a reoccurring phenomenon on earth that alters the climate across half the planet. El Niño was discovered hundreds of years ago off the coast of Peru; "El Niño" means different things to different people. In Spanish, El Niño means small boy or child. In capital letters, 'El Niño' refers to Jesus as an infant was named after the Christ child ("Dictionary.com"), because it usually starts around Christmas ("El Nino"). El Niño is a severe atmospheric and oceanic disturbance in the Pacific Ocean that transpires every three to six years in a phase with a seesaw variation of atmospheric pressure (McIntosh). Because El Niño influences global weather patterns and affects human lives and ecosystems, the prediction of an El Niño is progressively important in predicting them with advance notice. It was not until about 25 years ago that the world started paying attention to El Niño. The giant El Niño of 1997-98 had deranged weather patterns around the world, killing an estimated 2,100 people, and caused at least 33 billion [U.S.] dollars in property damage (Forrester). History dates between 1200 and 1525, the Inca population lived in the part of South America extending from the Equator to the Pacific coast of Chile. Their cities and fortresses were mostly built on highlands and on the steep slopes of the Andes Mountains. The architecture of the Incan cities still amazes and puzzles most scientists...
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...Environmental Risk Perception John D. Neil PSY/460 June 9, 2014 Stephen Brown Environmental Risk Perception Environmental risk is something that is perceived differently by many people the world over. With so many different environmental areas under investigation, it is difficult to assess with 100% accuracy. Global warning has been one of the more commonly discussed environmental issues in recent memory. The following is a risk perception paper utilizing two articles. One article rates global warming as being a high-risk issue, while the other does not seem to be overly concerned about global warming as a major issue. The first article is a research study focused on the impact of the tourist transport industry on the environment, specifically global warming. This article points out that the tourist transport (i.e. bus, car, train, plane, etc.) is the main component of the tourism trade because it gets the tourist from his or her home to the tourist destination (Cristina, 2013). According to the authors of the article, both air and road transport burn large quantities of fossil fuel, and release high levels of pollutants into the atmosphere (Cristina, 2013). This article goes on to suggest that at ground level, parking and car movement can be harmful to landscapes and the undisturbed nature of protective areas (Cristina, 2013). Two of the major concerns of this article are air transport and road transport. The article points out that air transport is the main gas responsible...
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...Resource Depletion and Peak Oil Peak oil and resource depletion are two very real issues that our world is facing. These issues are controversial topics and this report is going to critically analyse these concerns. Firstly, we will look at what the peak oil and climate change theories are and then discuss the on-going debate from opposing sides of the arguments for and against the peak oil theory. We will examine how these two issues are intertwined and identify the key consequences facing society. Then the current evidence that is proof of the early stages of both issues. The second part of this report will be based on a post peak oil paradigm and how the effects of peak oil, climate change and economic contraction will have on the direct investment in low density suburban property market. Firstly we will look at the concept of peak oil. The peak oil theory arose in 1956, when M. King Hubbert addressed the United States Oil Convention. His theory observed the production rates of individual oil reserves and how the production rate would increase at an exponential growth, reach a point and then decline rapidly, producing a bell shaped curve, now referred to as Hubbert’s curve. His prediction was that the United States oil reserves will reach its peak in 1970, and then decline rapidly as the demand increased and then become totally depleted. His theory was met with ridicule, however in the 1970’s the US reached its peak of 10 million barrels per day, and has been in decline...
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...environment. Many do not realize the how global warming affects the environment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effects of global warming on the weather, overall health, and on wildlife. Global Warming on Weather Patterns The increase in water temperatures in the ocean has generated more energy into what used to be normal tropical storms, causing them not only to be more frequent, but a lot stronger and sometimes very destructive. As we have seen within the last decade, there has been a marked increase in the number of hurricanes at the four and five category level. For instance, Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans in 2005 and was said to be the second strongest and one of the deadliest hurricanes ever recorded in the U.S. The loss to the economy was a whopping $125 billion (“Weather Patterns,” n.d.). In addition to the hurricanes, the warmer temperatures have led to drought conditions and the increase of fires throughout the western United States. In 2006, new records were set in the amount of reported fires as well as acres burned (“Weather Patterns,” n.d.). The cost for fighting these fires has been increasing yearly in the amount of $1 billion. Another effect of global warming is the intense rainstorms that we have been experiencing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports the increase is due mostly to human-induced global warming (“Weather Patterns,” n.d.). These heavy...
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...University of Phoenix Material Earth’s Dynamic Ocean and Atmosphere I Worksheet From Visualizing Earth Science, by Merali, Z., and Skinner, B. J, 2009, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Copyright 2009 by Wiley. Adapted with permission. Part 1 Sections 12.1 and 12.2 of the text discuss the origin and composition of the world ocean’s seawater. 1. What is the current theory on the evolution of the world ocean?the theory of the earth’s ocean, is possibly the earth was formed between 4 and 4.56 billion years ago. The most ancient grain discovered was a mineral grain of zircon in the middle of west austraillia. That element shows to have made contact with water, but the origin of the water is still unkown. 2. Discuss the origin of the salinity of seawater and how the ocean maintains salinity. The salinity of the ocean is created after the seawater evaporates. At that point three quarters of dissolved matter becomes sodium chloride. (table salt). The ocean maintains its salinity because it constantly receives fresh water from parcipitation and river flow. Often times other elements parcipitate out of mineral form and settle to the seafloor. As a result the composition of the seawater does not change. Part 2 Surface currents obtain their energy from the wind blowing over the surface waters. The currents do not exactly follow the wind direction because of an apparent force known as the Coriolis force. Using Figure 12.11 from the text, briefly explain surface currents of...
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