...During the 1830’s medical remedies that were advertised to the public were not proven to be effective in eliminating diseases. Many medical remedies were mainly advertised in hopes to make money off of the American citizens who were in need of cures and had faith in doctors. The advertisement of a medical remedy by a person living in antebellum America was not based on proof of solid scientific evidence but instead on the faith of people who put their trust into the country’s media outlets as well as trust in Doctors and their new creation of these medical remedies. In the Saratoga Sentinel Newspaper of 1830, numerous "medical cures” are advertised to cure multiple symptoms of many diseases and sicknesses. Included in these advertisements is what is considered to be solid evidence of the product’s effectiveness. The proof that a product works is provided by doctors who claim so as well testimonies from people recommending the product after supposedly using it. The vague description of the products as well as the lack of scientific proof for the reliability of these “cures” reveal that the real faith in the effectiveness in them stem from the trust in doctors and in the local newspapers. In the advertisement labeled the “Cure for Bowel Complaints” the advertisers claim to have the “remedy” for “most diseases of the stomach and bowel”. [1] In order to prove that this remedy is effective, the advertisers provide a statement from a person known as “Dr. M.L KNAPP”1 who argues...
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...be mandatory among teenagers RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. What is cervical cancer? 2. What causes cervical cancer? 3. What are the signs and symptoms of such disease? 4. What age group is primarily affected with cervical cancer? 5. Are there any other predisposing factors that increase risk of cervical cancer? 6. What is the mortality rate of cervical cancer among women? 7. How important is having women vaccinated with cervical cancer? 8. Is the vaccine used to treat cervical cancer feasible? 9. Is the vaccine affordable that it can be made free for the public? ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention. (2004). Preventing cervical cancer worldwide. Washington,DC: Jarboe Printing. This booklet is solely dedicated to cervical cancer. It takes about the disease itself and other important information about it and the cervical cancer cases as of 2002 , estimated mortality rate of cervical annually and cost-effectiveness of prevention methods undertaken by the company itself. This booklet equipped with a lot of information about screening approaches and prevention techniques which make it suitable for readers interested in such matter. Esguerra, C.V. (2008, February 6). Breakthrough drug: cervical cancer vaccine okd. Philippine Daily Inquirer, p.3. This newspaper article is about the newly developed vaccine against cervical cancer. It talks about its cost, the recommended age group to receive the vaccine and the interval of administration...
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...How have the modern communications technologies of the past century affected the culture of the United States? It’s like a disease spreading all over the United States but not something that you would run from. This is a type of disease you want to get because it’s the future. Technology is everywhere and everything. Over the past century technology has affected the U.S. culture in many ways. With more time and money there was a greater need for information and entertainment. Many big events were taking place and Americans did not know what was going on. There were things happening and no one knew where to go. So this brought out the inventions of the newspapers, magazines, and motion pictures. Once these things hit the market they took off. Two events, in particular, that people were unaware of were WWI and WWII. Since many Americans wanted to know what was happening to their soldiers, the newspaper was a big hit. Johannes Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press made it much easier for the newspaper to be printed. It was faster and more sufficient then any other type of news. It also gave the middle and lower classes a chance to know what was going on at a low cost. Since it was at a low cost millions of Americans bought the newspaper spreading news all across the states. So now you new events or happenings in other places other than around you. Magazines and motion pictures were a big hit as well. Both of these were more for entertainment...
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...Public Perceptions of Science Nowadays media is having a huge influence on the public perception. Every new information is taken by different types of media and is transmitted to the public in very different ways. There are different sources of media so there are many ways of interpreting new information depending on the media format, the audience, who is founding that media source and also what outcome they want to obtain from the public. Newspaper- is an old way to get your information; its target audience are people above the age of 18. In the newspaper the level of accuracy is not as high because the news are mostly changed by the journalist depending on what the government wants to communicate to the public because they are funding them. The language use is basic so the news can be understood by everyone. * Scare stories- in the newspaper we can find stories that are meant to have a bad influence on the public because they are talking about the rapid spread of the viruses like Ebola. They are mostly there to exploit the public fears because those are also controlled by the government. * Specialist journals- give reports about a specific subject to the public. In here you can find scientific articles of the week. Its target audience are the scientists and also the public. They are written by the people with some scientific knowledge and that’s why the language used is more scientific; they also give more details about the cases. Their purpose is to inform the audience...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This paper has information on the role of mass media in health promotion. It looks at the advantages of the application of mass media in health promotion, the educational approaches, production of ICT health promoting programs, disadvantages of its use, as well as the emerging trends in the field of health promotion. Mass media refers to all the channels used to pass information to people. This includes print materials, films, broadcast or computer related sources such as internet. The use of mass media has benefits such as reaching many people at ago so it becomes cost effective in terms of resources like time and capital. Those with chronic illness get emotional support through interactive programs, the management of patients has improved with better imaging and scanning facilities as well the possibility of doctors sharing knowledge all over the globe through sky, teleconferences. Educational approaches include use of schools, religious organizations, government and nongovernment agencies which include community health and social workers. Advocacy and entertainment are also useful in health promotion. Production of mass media health promotion programs should be well planned to know the right target, the resources available and time schedule. For instance radio programs are more effective in rural areas compared to television in urban centers. Disadvantages include lack of capital to purchase, high health illiteracy, and negative attitude of some medical...
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...are expected to be reliant on them. Even something as simple as reading the morning paper will be accessed via the Internet. Newspapers will be assessable online and, through search engines, you can quickly find what you are looking for. As well, papers from out-of-town will now be available, without the additional charge for delivery. Though the physical ‘paper’ will not be completely eliminated, many people will make the switch to “e-Paper”, as it is more efficient and more conservative of our resources. Not only will newspapers be available online, but so will many great works of art. Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and JRR Tolkien are only some of the authors or playwrights that students will be able to access without a trip to the school or public library. Any great work of literature ever written will be available for use with the click of a mouse. This increased reliance on the computer in everyday life not only is more efficient than multiple trips to the library, but it also helps the environment by reducing the number of trees that are cut down every day, simply for the production of books. As of late, many technological advancements have been made in the medical field as well. Surgeries are now being performed that, fifteen years ago, weren’t available due to the lesser use of the computer. Surgeons and doctors are now able to diagnose diseases or illnesses through the testing of skin and blood samples. Without computers, however, all of these would have to be done by...
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...one by one, as life flashed before their eyes. Exactly 18 minutes later, at 9:03 AM ET, the second plane crashed into the south tower of the World Trade Center. America knew that this wasn’t an accident, but this was a terrorist attack on the United States. Situations as such make me question how strong airport security really is. It is not just terrorism that I am worried about when it comes to the strength of airport’s security systems, but other situations like Ebola coming from Africa into the United States and illegal drug smuggling concerns me, as well. Although airport security is a frustrating job that requires a lot of patience, however, it is a very serious job that needs to be stronger in fixing situations such as terrorism, disease spreading (such as Ebola), and illegal drug smuggling. Airport security is defined as, “The area in an airport where people are checked to make sure they...
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...virus. The press release is informative the press release gives notice of the situation regarding the mosquito problem. The press release identifies the main points and key points of the virus and whom it will affect. This also informs the public of the pros and cons of public relations. The information was widely spread throughout Columbus quickly by the use of each news station, the Internet, and by newspaper. The key interest groups were the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Columbus Health Department, and the public. The center for disease control is one of the interest groups because reporting the infectious disease spreading throughout society is their responsibility. Center for disease control organization is for saving, protecting lives, and to prevent the spread of the West Nile Virus. The public is the other interest groups regarding the West Nile Virus also the Health Department is an interest group determine to find where the source of the virus have begun and how to stop the spread of the virus. Society needs prevention from this disease, one bit will leave a person severely ill or even death can occur. Checking society there has been increasing number of cases of pools with the West Nile Virus as of last year 2011 their have been 21 cases of the West Nile Virus. The West Nile Virus...
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...species. The SARS virus probably crossed over from animals to humans in Guangdong Province in China. Humans got monkeypox from pet prairie dogs, which probably caught it, in turn, from an imported Gambian rat. Meanwhile, at the movies, there is ''28 Days Later,'' a horror film about a ''rage'' virus that passes swiftly and catastrophically from chimpanzees to humans. We can probably discount the dangers of a fast-acting horror-movie virus, but not the others. If nothing else, the emergence of SARS and the recent outbreak of monkeypox in the United States are reminders that the potential biological effects of globalization can be chilling. Ordinarily, prairie dogs, native to America, do not catch diseases from rats native to western and central Africa. And humans do not ordinarily catch diseases from prairie dogs. What made the chain of monkeypox infection possible were humans who keep wild animals -- prairie dogs and Gambian rats -- as pets. Although the federal government has now banned the distribution of prairie dogs and the importation of rodents from Africa, the monkeypox scare demonstrates how poorly regulated the ownership of and traffic in wild or exotic pets really are. A dozen states and some localities outlaw owning dangerous animals, and the federal government, as a signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, prohibits, in most cases, owning or transporting endangered animals. But that still leaves most of the world's wildlife free to be captured...
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...One consequence of creeping determinism, Fischhoff argued, could be seen when hindsight judges were asked to estimate the probability of an event while ignoring outcome data; that is, when they were asked to retrieve their foresight state-of-mind. Most research, including Fischhoffs, has indicated that hindsight judges cannot accurately recall foresight knowledge. A study by Hasher, Attig, and Alba (1981), however, demonstrated that initial foresight knowledge was not erased from memory, it was simply more difficult to retrieve. Given that foresight knowledge seems to be more difficult to retrieve once outcome knowledge has been provided and that, in many cases, foresight knowledge may actually conflict with hindsight knowledge, one method suggested by Fischhoff (1975) to assimilate outcome data makes use of heuristics as proposed by Tversky and Kahneman (1973, 1974). Of particular relevance to our study, Fischhoff argued: THE HINDSIGHT BIAS 441 A second heuristic leads judges to evaluate an outcome's likelihood by the relative "availability" of scenarios leading to its occurrence and nonoccurrence. The judge who knows what happened, and has adjusted his perceptions in the light of that knowledge, may well find it difficult to imagine how things could have turned out otherwise. (1975, p. 298) Our purpose was to investigate the role of the availability heuristic with regard to outcome knowledge. If hindsight knowledge facilitates the use of heuristics because...
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...love with each other and eventually they got married. John Nash went back to Princeton University where he met again with his ex roommate Charles, he is very happy to see him again. Back at Princeton is where he meets with Charles niece Marcee which she eventually loves John and even calls him “Uncle John.” John feels the same love for Marcee; he loves her as if she was her own niece. While John Nash is at Princeton he gets invited to the United States Department of Defense Facility where he meets Parcher, and he saw John’s abilities. It was since this day that Parcher gave John an assignment, which consisted in looking for patterns in newspapers and magazines. This assignment was needed for a soviet plot. John was very into this job where he spends hours working and his whole office was full of the pattern that he found in all the newspapers and magazines. The job also consisted in him writing all of his findings and he then had to send them, where he had to put them in a special mailbox that he had the access code of the gates in his arm. One day, while John was delivering a speech at Harvard University, he saw people coming in to...
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...HCS 120 Week 2 Assignment Health Care Services Worksheet For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Tutorial Purchased: 5 Times, Rating: A+ Health Care Services Worksheet Instructions: Choose one health care service or function from your readings or vocabulary exercise this week that most interests you, personally or professionally. Describe the service or function using the Health Care Service Worksheet. Use at least one reference. Supporting Material: Health Care Services Worksheet. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HCS 120 Week 3 Assignment Newspaper Article (2 Papers) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Tutorial Purchased: 5 Times, Rating: A+ This Tutorial contains 2 Articles Newspaper Article Instructions: Your local newspaper has asked you to write a 700- to 1,050-word, two part article regarding patient health data and technology. Part 1 Identify components of a patient's health care record. Part 2 Examine the influence of technology and reform in the health care industry. Consider the following questions as you write your article: • What has changed over the last 20 years? Have the changes been positive or negative? • How has the patient been affected by the changes? Use terms from your Weekly...
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...relationship between medicine and media place of medicine in American political culture How and why does the medical community use media to communicate with public? Increasingly interdependent spheres w/ differing perspectives on vision of media’s role is in “media-ted” world What makes health “news”? Producing Medical Heroes How and why has American society selected its medical heroes? How has this changed over time? What functions do depictions of heroic doctors (Walter Reed, and House, M.D.) and patients serve? How have fictional medical characters – in novels, Hollywood films, on TV – shaped expectations of medical culture? VD, HIV, and the Media How did the media contribute to the publics perception of venereal diseases and HIV? What images (both visual, and stories told to make a point) came most powerfully to cultural prominence? What were the aims of medical and public health authorities, the state, and media professionals in working to make those images publically visible? What role did the media play in changing public’s image of HIV? Stigmatization, Destigmatization, and Medical Illnesses Ways portrayal of medical condition in media contributes to a stereotype in society? How does representation influence publics perception of a particular medical condition? Some consequences of stereotype portrayed in media? The Promise of Health What constitutes a promise in medicine? How does that differ w/ how allopathic medical community...
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...Ebola’ A team of eight experts and journalists visiting the southern region of the West African state of Guinea were found dead in the town of Nzerekore on Sept. 20. Reports indicate that they were there to educate people about the nature of the disease for the purpose of its prevention. Reports from Guinea say that the delegation had met with elders in the community but were later attacked by youths. Investigations into the details of the killings are ongoing. There is tremendous mistrust surrounding the spread of the Ebola virus disease in some West African states where the epidemic has had an impact. Doctors Without Borders reported in April that their teams were forced to withdraw from Macenta in Guinea after being stoned by youths who said they were there to spread the disease. Newspaper articles and rumors have circulated that the outbreak is a direct result of biological warfare being waged by imperialist countries against the African continent. Although no one knows what the motivations were of those who carried out the killings in Guinea, obviously there are many people who mistrust the motivations of foreign aid workers responding to the crisis. Guinea is the first country that was identified in the latest spread of the disease, which has periodically struck in Central and West Africa over the last three decades. Biological warfare and economic underdevelopment The most widely discussed and controversial article...
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...Background of Newspaper Industry in Hong Kong Hong Kong has over 70 newspapers at present. Most of them are daily newspapers including Chinese, English and other languages. Some of them are horse-racing newspapers which only report news about horse racing; they are not published daily if there is no racing meetings hold, for example during summer vacations. Of the daily newspapers, only 12 are Chinese language. They are Apple Daily, Hong Kong Daily News, Hong Kong Commercial Daily, Hong Kong Economic Journal, Hong Kong Economic Times, Ming Pao, Oriental Daily, Sing Pao, Sing Tao Daily, Ta Kung Pao, Tin Tin Daily and Wen Wei Pao. The existing price of Chinese language newspapers is $5 except Oriental Daily, which is sold at $4. Before the price war in late 1995, there is an agreement among the newspapers that are sold at a uniform price. However, since the price war, such an agreement no longer exists and those newspaper companies are free to adjust their price. There is a comment that the newspaper industry in Hong Kong is one of the most competitive one in the world. Environmental Analysis * Social and Cultural Analysis Society is composed of people and their culture. And culture is greatly determined by common behaviour of the people in a society. In the newspaper industry in Hong Kong, the pattern of reporting of the newspapers targeting for mass market can be a reflection of common behaviour of people in Hong Kong. In this part, behaviours of the mass market are...
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