...Twelfth Night is a magnificent comedy written by famous writer William Shakespeare. Twelfth Night or What you will was probably written for performance on the Twelfth Night i.e. the last night of the Christmas holiday ,January 6th in the year 1601.it is also likely that it was first presented before queen Elizabeth I in a great hall of her palace of Whitchali ,just outside London. the play would suit such an occasion since it’s a delightful ,lighthearted comedy ,full of love and laughter ,and with only a cloud or two to pass across the happy sunshine. But what about the social background of the play? For many centuries Christian communities have celebrated the feast of Epiphany-the time when the infant Jesus was first presented to the Magi (wise men) twelve days after his birth on Christmas day .in Shakespeare’s time; this whole period from 25th December to 6th January was given over to ‘Yuletide revels’-a time of feasting and celebration which probably dates back to Roman Satumalin. During this extended partying, it was traditional to play tricks on people, and it was understood that, for a while the usual master-servant relationship were turned on their heads. Twelfth Night was a period of carnival in which typically: a. People might give away to bodily pleasures of all kinds (drinking too much, indulging in sex, over eating and many more). b. Language itself seemed to run riot (with jokes, nonsense and wit). c. The traditional hierarchies (the lord and lady ‘at the top’...
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...literary element, and many famous authors and playwrights have used it to dramatize their works. Shakespeare for example, was known to use dramatic irony in many of his plays. The play “Twelfth Night” also known as what “What You Will” contains elements of dramatic irony which are used to create a very engaging and funny experience for the audience. He uses elements such as mistaken identity, separated twins, and gender crossing disguise. The afore mentioned elements therefore have a great impact on the amount of dramatic irony presented in the play. This dramatic irony contributes to the comedic effect of the play. The first example of dramatic irony disguise of Viola, who is saved after being shipwrecked by a captain who puts in to shore on Illyria. After learning that the captain knows the Duke of Illyria, Viola asks him to disguise her as a eunuch so that she may work for the Duke. In this disguise, that only the audience is aware of Viola is better able to perceive the true nature of the characters as they confide in Cesario, her male disguise. While working for the Duke, she is sent as a messenger to express Orsino’s love for Olivia. However, Viola who is actually in love with the Duke, says in an aside after telling the Duke; “I’ll do my best to woo your lady, Yet a barful strife! Whoe'er I woo, myself would be his wife. “(1.5.41-42) The original love connection of the...
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...The Shakespearean play “the taming of the shrew” uses a series of comedic devices to further advance the plot as both odd and comical situations are applied to show Katharina’s objection to marriage, The manipulation of Christopher sly in order to convince him that he is a lord, and the female disguises used against him which would later lead to the taming of the shrew. Also in order to fully advance the plot Shakespeare used Disguises/ confused gender roles, clever language, family drama, and mistaken identity in order to further the plot and create the comedic undertones that shape the play and the events that revolve around it. Before we are able to divulge into the usage of comedic devices and its correlation with the overall...
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...A Shakespeare Merry-Go-Round What makes a Shakespeare play a comedy? There are many plays today that involve Tragedies, Comedies, and Histories. Nothing quite as unique as those of William Shakespeare. He paved his own path by merging duality into one. His free spirited nature is seen in the action parts of these plays and are often filled with disguise, mistaken identity, and creative chaos. The plot is extremely important as it evolves. It becomes twisted and confusing, and especially hard to follow. Some earlier plays like Measure for Measure, and All’s Well that Ends Well, contain scenes of such darkness that it seems wrong to view them as any idea of comedy labeling them as "problem plays" (Mullan). Shakespeare's overall composition of comedy is so contrived and convoluted making it necessary for them to have sub-categories. Disguise...
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...Reverse money laundering The process of conducting financial transactions with clean money for the purpose of concealing or disguising the future use of that money to commit a criminal act could be called reverse money laundering. Introduction A new form of money laundering involves not the proceeds of past crimes, but money intended to be used to commit crimes in the future. Terrorism causes enormous costs to society. Since the 9/11 attacks, the “war on terror” has therefore been an important challenge to all civilized countries. In the present contribution we analyse the root causes and costs of terrorist activity, thereby setting the stage for discussing the need for measures against terrorist financing. We argue that running a terrorist organization requires substantial financial resources which are transferred to the groups through clandestine and often illegal channels. Anti‐money laundering policies may appear useful measures to stop transfers to terrorist groups; however, they are not sufficient means to deal with all facets of terrorist financing. Compared to similar activities of organized crime, terrorist financing involves “reverse” money laundering. This is a consequence of some fundamental differences between terrorism and organized crime, which also lead to different implications in terms of choosing appropriate counter‐measures. Since the mid-4980s, virtually all of the developed countries, and many of the developing countries, have enacted legislation to make...
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...Liam Gutteridge Twelfth Night – Scene 1 annotations IllyriaDuke Orsino enterswith his lordsOrsino is in love beautiful Lady Olivia. Refuses to hunt and orders musicians to entertain him while he thinks about his desire for Olivia. His servant Valentine reminds him that Olivia does not return his love or even listen to the messages he sends her. We learn from Valentine that Olivia is in mourning for her brother, who has recently died. She wears a dark veil, and she has vowed that no one will see her face for another seven years She refuses to marry anyone until then. Orsino, obsessed with the woman who keeps refusing him, wants only to lie around on beds of flowers, listening to sweet music and dreaming of Olivia. Act I, scene ii Illyrian coast Young noblewoman named Viola speaks with the captain whose crew has just rescued her from a shipwreck. Although Viola was found and rescued, her brother, Sebastian, seems to have vanished in the stormCaptain tells Viola that Sebastian may still be alive. He says that he saw Sebastian trying to keep afloat by tying himself to a broken mastViola does not know whether or not it is worth holding onto hope. In the meantime, however, she needs to find a way to support herself in this strange land. The ship’s captain tells Viola all about Duke Orsino, who rules Illyria. Viola remarks that she has heard of this duke and mentions that he used to be a bachelor. The captain says that Orsino still is a bachelor, but then goes on to tell Viola...
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...Anthony Batista Professor Black ENGL 102 06-06-2012 On the Border Is protecting our borders necessary? For the sake of argument, we can all agree some level of protection is necessary. A hasty generalization, perhaps, but let’s continue nonetheless. The real question becomes-- to what extent should we secure our borders? Here is where we reach a fork in the river. On one side, you have the conservative right-wing view, pushing to secure our borders at all costs. On the other side, is the liberal left-wing view, advocating for leniency when it comes to securing our borders. Let’s start with the conservative viewpoint. In the article “At the Border, on the Night Watch”, Marc Lacey reports on decreased border crossings in the border town of Douglas, Arizona. For example, “no matter the dire rhetoric often heard in political circles, crossings at this stretch of border are nowhere near what they once were” (Lacey). This is a good example of a slippery slope fallacy appealing to the fear factor (i.e. claim that a certain way of thinking or acting will necessary lead to more of the same). Proponents for border patrol argue an increase in staffing serve as a deterrent to thwart border crossings and help to apprehend drug traffickers, which ignores the possibilities of lesser financial incentive due to a weaker U.S. economy for immigrants or perhaps, more attractive crossing routes elsewhere. Another argument of proponents is improved fencing. For example, “Douglas used...
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...Unethical Conduct Michael Roberson RES/351 April 17, 2014 Deborah Levin Unethical Conduct The ability to report unethical conduct has flourished in the business research community. In Marketing, salespeople among groups demonstrated the lack of personal ethical judgment when unethical conduct was linked to personal, ethical perspectives. The purpose of this essay is to discuss unethical behavior as it affects a salesperson. Individuals have a different approach to marketing because of its blinding effect on the points of levels. The personal, ethical perspective of a salesperson is philosophical. In an organization, unethical behavior is a rule that is administered by the organization for the purpose of communicating marketing strategies. This rule applies under a code of ethics that involved taking surveys from the organization, the individual, and society. The survey is designed to simulate the unethical behavior situations that grow over the amount of sales a salesperson receives from merchandise discounted without management approval. The importance of the survey identifies the salesperson in the organization, but in an organization, society portrays each as a component. The salesperson encounters the decision that stems from unethical behavior. Ethical pressure is mostly the work group that becomes the next level. The unethical behavior could be avoided by not following the organization's rules (Ferrell, Johnston, & Ferrell, 2007)...
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...Thought and Structure of Comedy — The Tragic and the Comic fade into each other by almost insensible gradations, and the greatest beauty of a poetical work often consists in the harmonious blending of these two elements. Not only in the same drama may both exist in perfect unison, but even in the same character. Great actors generally have a similar quality, and frequently it is hard to tell whether their impersonations be more humorous or more pathetic. This happy transfusion and interchange of tragic and comic coloring is one of the characteristics of supreme art; it brings the relief along with the pain; it furnishes the reconciliation along with the conflict. Shakespeare seems to have taken a special delight in its employment. No principle of his procedure is better known or more fully appreciated. His tragedies never fail of having their comic interludes; his comedies have, in nearly every case, a serious thread, and sometimes a background with a tragic outlook. Life is not all gloom or all delight; the cloud will obscure the sun, but the sun will illumine the cloud — at least around the edges. Still, the Comic is not the Tragic, however subtle may be their intertwining, and however rapid their interaction. They rest upon diverse, and in some respects opposite, principles. Criticism must seek to explain the difference between them for the understanding, and must not rest content with a vague appeal to the feeling of beauty. Tragic earnestness springs from the deep ethical...
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...like how they were being treated as second-class citizens. The British government is not happy about this. The government saw this as an act of rebellion and tightened control over their colonies and punished them as well. A very large group had come together to disguise themselves as Native Americans. This was all organized by John Hancock and was led by Samuel Adams and his Sons of Liberty. The Sons of Liberty were a huge group of colonial merchants that...
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... He shamelessly spends his money extravagantly. For the Love of God is one of Hirst’s most scandalous pieces; where he has purchased the 18th Century skull of a 35 year old European man to which he explains was in response to his mother’s common saying of “For the love of God, what are you going to do next!”, further justification of his piece was to represent the embracement of death that was demonstrated by Mexican culture- most predominantly shown by the Aztecs. Hirst states ‘you don’t like [death], so you disguise it or you decorate it to make it look something bearable- to such an extent that it becomes something else.’, this statement certainly voices out our reactions towards his piece, we focus more towards the fact that the skull has been encrusted with diamonds more than the concept it is trying to serve. But are his intentions really just to achieve the idea of accepting death? Isn’t he just showing off his excessive use of spending? Was it really necessary for him to do such a thing? What does this say about his character? Death is viewed differently by different people. How does Damien Hirst view it or how he feels about it? Taken from an interview (http://www.damienhirst.com/texts/20071/feb--huo), Damien Hirst expresses his hate for death and views it as though it was a person, a rival of his. Considering the fact that Hirst does not create the artworks himself and makes other people to implement his ideas into reality- illustrates the reason as to why he may...
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...Act I, scenes i–ii Summary: Act I, scene i If music be the food of love, play on, . . . O spirit of love, how quick and fresh are thou. . . . In the land of Illyria, Duke Orsino enters, attended by his lords. Orsino is hopelessly in love with the beautiful Lady Olivia and pines away for her. He refuses to hunt and orders musicians to entertain him while he thinks about his desire for Olivia. His servant Valentine reminds him that Olivia does not return his love or even listen to the messages he sends her. We learn from Valentine that Olivia is in mourning for her brother, who has recently died. She wears a dark veil, and she has vowed that no one will see her face for another seven years—and she refuses to marry anyone until then. Orsino, obsessed with the woman who keeps refusing him, wants only to lie around on beds of flowers, listening to sweet music and dreaming of Olivia. Summary: Act I, scene ii Meanwhile, on the Illyrian sea coast, a young noblewoman named Viola speaks with the captain whose crew has just rescued her from a shipwreck. Although Viola was found and rescued, her brother, Sebastian, seems to have vanished in the storm. The captain tells Viola that Sebastian may still be alive. He says that he saw Sebastian trying to keep afloat by tying himself to a broken mast. But Viola does not know whether or not it is worth holding onto hope. In the meantime, however, she needs to find a way to support herself in this strange land. The ship’s captain tells Viola...
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...Orezina Sonoiki With “Revenger’s Tragedy” being set in Italy, it is almost inevitable that the book will not revolve partly around corruption amongst many other themes. Middleton starts this play on a strong note as corruption starts to flow right from the beginning of the text. Vindice a character filled with anger and bitterness opens the play holding the skull of his fiancée who the Duke poisoned upon her refusal to sleep with him. His hatred of the Duke is shown as he describes him saying: “Duke, royal lecher; go, grey-haired adultery.” Vindice talks about lustfulness, which is a form of corruption. His anger and harsh tone towards the Duke is expected as he feels hurt and he even goes as far as to call the Duke myself, adultery. Vindice is also angry about the discrimination his father faced before his death. Middleton uses his character as an immediate way to reflect the unjust treatment during that period and how corruption was almost seen as the norm. It equally shows how power drunk kings got. Lustfulness is a form of corruption present in the play. The first time we come across lust is when Vindice pours out his feelings towards the Duke. He first of all refers to the Duke as committing adultery as quoted earlier on. He also refers to Spurio, the illegimate son of the Duke as “thou his bastard,” which identifies him as being born of wedlock. This reflects the Duke’s lustfulness even further. Hippolito is another character who draws attention to the acceptance...
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...They make foul comparisons when they are speaking regarding the English ‘carrion’ (IV.2.38), meaning dead meat. King Henry speaks in prose when he is in disguise and talking to the soldiers as he is presenting himself as a regular man. He also uses prose when he is speaking to Katherine, on the contrary this is to emphasis that he is a plain-spoken soldier and lacks fancy and extravagant words with which to court her. Speaking in blank verse and elevated language would have made Henry appear like a gratified conqueror somewhat than a suitor, exceptionally when the princess has little English. The verse is normally in lines of ten syllables. These are acknowledged as iambic pentameters and are based on a pattern of five pairs of syllables, each pair being made up of an unstressed followed by a stressed syllable. An example of this verse is; ‘For he today that sheds his blood with me shall be my brother; be he ne’er bile,’ (IV.3.61-2) This is the fundamental pattern however Shakespeare does not stick severely to this as it would become obvious and monotonous. Occasionally he uses a pair of rhyming lines; this is recognized as a rhyming couplet. This feature is often used to mark and signal the end of a scene. We consider prose to be our everyday speech. This can fluctuate a great deal. When Henry is in disguise and is speaking to the soldiers, he talks in prose but still it is rich and well-structured. Fluellen speaks in humorous version of Welsh-English, using...
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...idea of separating the Jews on to the trains that are driven on special tracks to areas of the camp specifically set aside for this purpose. There the Jews are unloaded and tested for their level of fitness that the doctors determined. At this point anyone who can somehow be incorporated into the work program is put in a special camp. The curably ill are sent to a medical camp and are restored to health with a special diet treatment. The main plan was to get all the work power that they possibly could. Sure this sounds like the slaves of Africa but they are not telling everything. In documenting what they do they like to make special words that really mean something else! The “resettlement of Jews” and “Material for special treatment” are disguises for the term extermination. A diary was found from a SS doctor Kraemer and on October 10, 1942 he states that he “extracted and fixed fresh live material from liver, spleen and pancreas. He also notes that this is the 68,030 prisoner.” With this much time...
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