...___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Scholars have been studying behaviour in organisations at least since the time of Greek and Chinese philosophers. True False In order for something to be called an organisation it must have buildings and equipment. True False All organisations have a collective sense of purpose, even though this purpose might not be fully understood or agreed upon. True False Collective entities are called organisations only when their members have complete agreement on the goals they want to achieve. True False Evidence indicates that applying organisational behaviour knowledge tends to improve the organisation's financial performance. True False Globalisation may have both positive and negative implications for people working in organisations. True False Reduced job security and increased work intensification in Australia are partly caused by globalisation. True False 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Education is a primary category of surface-level diversity. True False Australian employees are more diverse today than a few decades ago on many deep-level categories but have actually reduced their diversity on most surface categories. True False 10. Research indicates that baby boomers and Generation-X employees bring the same values and expectations to the workplace. True False 11. Workforce diversity potentially improves decision making and team performance on complex tasks. True False 12. Surveys indicate...
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...ORGANISATIONAL BEHAIVOUR 1.1 Organisational Behaviour-It’s nothing more than developing our individual understanding and development of people skill. A multidisciplinary field devoted to understanding individual group behaviour, interpersonal process and organizational dynamics. 1. Organisation 2. Behaviour An organization is a collection of people working together in a division of labour to achieve a common purpose. The study of organizational Behaviour (OB) is very interesting and challenging too. It is related to individuals, group of people working together in terms. The study of organisational behaviour relates to the expected behaviour of an individual in the organisation. No two individuals are likely to behave in the same manner in a particular work situation. It is the predictability of a manager about the expected behaviour of an individual. Organisational Behaviour is concerned with the study of what people do in an organization (social system) and how that behaviour affects the performance of the organization: * Individual Behaviour * Individual and Group Behaviour * Organizational Structure 1.1.1 DEFINITIONS OF ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR: According to Luthans (OB: 2002) OB is directly concerned with the understanding, predicting and controlling of behaviour in organizations. According to Stephen P Robins (1999: 31-43) Organizational Behaviour is a systematic study of the actions and attitudes that people exhibit within organisations According to Roman J.Alday (2006:91)...
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...Group, and the Organisation? Evelyne Glaser Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria The article applies the balance theory to the ideal composition of multicultural teams and concludes that a moderate level of cultural divergence will achieve best results. Cultural diversity enhances creativity and leads to a new form of consciousness provided that the group undergoes a well-monitored team-building process and that authentic communication takes place between the team members. Key words: cultural diversity, multicultural teams, team performance Possible Effects of Workforce Diversity on Organisational and Group Performance The topic of workforce diversity has been widely treated in management literature over the past fifteen to twenty years. The focus has been mainly on the question how organisations can benefit most from it. Researchers such as Cox1, Taylor2, and Richard3 have argued that workforce diversity, when properly handled, can improve firm performance, raise organisational efficiency and effectiveness, add value, and contribute to competitive advantage. Others, like Kilduff et al.4, Abramson et al.5, and Chikudate6 have looked at the extent to which cognitive diversity affects the group and/or the company. Some attempts have been made by Tsui et al.,7 and Mamman,8 to look at diversity from the employees perspective. Yet the issue of diversity reflects a systemic problem: On the one hand, with ongoing globalisation, an increasing level of diversity in firms cannot...
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...MGMT6012 Management Perspectives Sydney Week 5 3/21/2016 Organisational Diversity 3/21/2016 Diversity What does “diversity” mean to you? How does it apply in the workplace? 3/21/2016 Introduction • Diversity is always a sensitive issue. • People who belong to a “minority” group often feel labelled, stereotyped, and marginalised in the workplace; • People who belong to the “majority” group are often unaware of the consequences of the collective action of the majority. 3/21/2016 Introduction • We all hold bias and prejudices simply because we notice difference and it is important not to try to obliterate difference and diversity in an attempt to redress prejudice. • Ignoring difference, for example, can be as damaging as highlighting it in a negative manner. 3/21/2016 Introduction • The literature around inclusiveness is the direction in which this field of study and practice is going. • The idea that we work towards an inclusive workplace for everyone, recognising everyone as a diverse member of the organisation is important, and leverages the strengths that differences bring in to the workplace rather than squashes them. 3/21/2016 What We Cover • The concepts of diversity, exclusion and inclusion • Different roots of diversity in the workplace • The experience of prejudice in the workplace and the limitations it places on organisational performance 3/21/2016 Objectives By the end of this module...
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...Introduction to the Field of Organisational Behaviour McShane-Olekalns-Travaglione OB Pacific Rim 3e 1 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Wesfarmers Limited Wesfarmers OB practices have helped Wesfarmers Limited to become the largest private-sector employer in Australia and one of the most admired companies in the region. McShane-Olekalns-Travaglione OB Pacific Rim 3e 2 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Organisational Behaviour and Organisations • Organisational behaviour – The study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organisations • Organisations – Groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose Wesfarmers McShane-Olekalns-Travaglione OB Pacific Rim 3e 3 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved OB Foundations Distinct field around the 1940s OB concepts discussed for more than 2000 years Some pivotal scholars before OB formed include: • Max Weber • Frederick Winslow Taylor • Elton Mayo • Chester Barnard • Mary Parker Follett Elton Mayo McShane-Olekalns-Travaglione OB Pacific Rim 3e 4 © 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Why Study OB? Satisfy the need to understand and predict Help us to test personal theories Influence behaviour – get things done OB improves an organisation’s financial health OB is for everyone McShane-Olekalns-Travaglione...
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...1.1 Explain the knowledge, skills and behaviours required to be effective in an HR role The CIPD Profession Map was developed by CIPD in order to pinpoint the professional areas and behaviours required of HR Professionals at every level in accordance with professional competency, in order to successfully carry out the activities within a HR Practitioners role (Leatherbarrow and Fletcher, 2014). Furthermore, the CIPD Profession Map is particularly efficient as a form of self assessment, setting the standards for all HR Professionals, enabling personnel to begin, maintain, specialise and develop their career within HR. Within the CIPD Profession Map; two core professional areas are central to the map, these two core areas are; Insights, strategy and solutions and Leading HR. Insights, strategy and solutions is an area that means to develop insights and solutions that are both tailored and actionable towards a professional organisation (CIPD, 2012). Furthermore, this core area is based on a knowledgeable understanding of a business, for example; the way in which it operates and the specific product or service the business provides. Without a sound, contextual understanding of an organisation; developing insights, strategies and solutions would be challenging and ultimately unviable. Practically, this core professional area includes; developing actionable insight, an example of this according to the CIPD Professional Standards is to “Collate and feed in ideas and observations to...
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...------------------------------------------------- Organizational culture is the behaviour of humans who are part of an organization and the meanings that the people react to their actions. Organizational Culture, sometimes, also called as corporate culture, is basically the personality of an organization. The main elements of organizational culture are the assumptions, values, symbols, rites and rituals of organization’s members and their behaviours or in other words we can say that it is based on shared attitudes, way of thinking also referred as beliefs and social patterns. Shared attitude is described by the organization's product quality, customer service, and value added to treat. Beliefs grabs the people of organization and lead them with the unwritten rules that guide interactions and behaviours. The term culture is not so easy to say, but after sensing it everyone get to know it. Culture always differs for different organizations. Organisational culture is often defined as: “The way we do things around here.” The way – Behaviour We – Groups and teams Do things – Tasks and work undertaken Around here – Specific location An organizational culture directs the employees that how tasks should be done in an organization. This additionally maintains balance in organization because employees often utilize a systematic way to do their tasks. It is additionally been proved that organizational culture had a great impact on posture and behaviours of employees working in an organization (Robbins,...
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...Managing Human Resources Introduction In the essay, I will firstly discuss the relationships between perception, motivation and behaviour in relation to the work of the human resource manager in an organisation. In order to do this I will briefly introduce each subject, comment on the linkages that exist between each of them and comment on the critical aspects of each that HRMs need to understand in order to be effective. I will then discuss the management of perception. Human resources management is one of the most dynamic and challenging area of management (Bratton & Gold, 1999). Each individual has its own set of standard which clearly defines his or her personality .This can be influenced by the origin of culture and tradition mind set. In an organization structure perception, motivation and behaviour are three fundamental elements that lead to strong implementation of organization structure. The human resource department must have the mechanism to manage the three fundamental elements. If they are not managed properly it can have an adverse impact on the organization strategy. According to Leopold & Harris (2009) the foundation of human resource management is based on the five areas: • Staffing - Recruiting the right person with the right qualification, skills and experience to key positions. • Development and training - Development and training programme to ensure that staff has the right knowledge and skills to keep up with new development taking place in the working...
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...| Introduction: Definition Cultural Diversity From our increasingly diverse domestic workforce to the globalization of business, cultural competence is arguably the most important skill for effective work performance in the 21st century. According to de Woot (2000), companies in the industrial, financial and service sectors have to cleared most obstacles in the globalization process: that of size, that of time, that of complexity, and finally that of information and communication. Because of the differences in cultures, there might be some kind of misunderstanding among people working in the same organization due to their different values, beliefs, backgrounds, etc. To avoid cultural misunderstanding and turn cultural diversity to advantage, in this workshop we will provides a general definition for “culture” as well as for “diversity”, discusses the benefits of diversity in the workplace, the challenges of managing a diverse workplace, and presents effective strategies for managing diverse workforces. Definition of culture According to Kroeber und Kluckhohn (1952, p. 357) “Culture consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behaviour acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups,.., the essential core of culture consists of tradition, ideas and their attached values, culture systems may considered as products of actions and also as conditioning elements of future action” Furthermore, managers often see...
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...Professional area definitions 1 Insights, strategy and solutions 2 Leading HR 3 Organisation design 4 Organisation development 5 Resourcing and talent planning 6 Learning and development 7 Performance and reward 8 Employee engagement 9 Employee relations 10 Service delivery and information Behaviours The Profession Map behaviours Curious Decisive thinker Skilled influencer Personally credible Collaborative Driven to deliver Courage to challenge Role model 2 4–7 4 6 8–46 9 10 14 17 20 23 26 30 33 36 39 42–51 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 1 Profession Map – Our Professional Standards V2.4 INTRODUCTION Introduction DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE The CIPD Profession Map sets out standards for HR professionals around the world: the activities, knowledge and behaviours needed for success. Use the standards in the CIPD Profession Map for you and your organisation to: • define great HR • diagnose areas of success and improvement • build HR capability • recognise achievement through professional qualifications and membership. By the profession, for the profession BANDS AND TRANSITIONS Based on research and collaboration with organisations around the world, and continuously reviewed and updated with our research, essentially the CIPD Profession Map shares what the most successful HR professionals know and do at every stage of their career, which is proving to be a powerful tool. A wide range of organisations and HR professionals are now using the CIPD’s Profession Map to benchmark...
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...Managing an organisation at the present time requires much more than practice basic management functions, such as planning, organisation and control. The threats to organisations, coming from clients, competitors and as a result of socio economic changes require high level of human abilities.! The understanding of individual and group behaviour in the work place is what constitutes the field of study of Organisational Behaviour. It particularly investigates questions related to leadership and power, structures, learning, perception, attitude, changes, conflicts and other themes that affect individuals and groups within organisations.! The study of Organisational Behaviour provides powerful tools for managers facing the complexity generated by diversity, globalisation and continuos changes occasioned by the fast alterations in different society segments. ! ! The purpose of Organisational Behaviour studies corresponds to explanation, prediction and control of human behaviour. Explanation refers to the identification of causes or reasons that propelled certain fact, event or phenomenon. It’s considered to be one of the least important factors, as it happens after the fact. Prediction is directed to future events, it can serve to prevent or minimise the impact of certain actions or events. Control presents itself as a controversial objective, it faces ethical difficulties in the way of monitoring behaviour, fundamental component within organisations. Nevertheless, control is highly...
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...Resource Management Revision week 1 HRM encompasses -Policies - Practices and systems (Influence employees behaviour, attitudes and performance) - 1945-1979 HR focus was on Personnel Management - making sure employees comply with law…conditions - 1980-1990s HR focus was on management of human capital Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) - Plans activities for organisations to achieve its goals - To receive ultimate employee performance, they need to be linked to organisational goals and strategy - Achieved by consistently influencing employee attitudes and behaviours - HRM policies are linked towards organisational goals, HRM contribute to them in a meaningful way. Theoretical bases for HRM Behavioural view - HRM controls employee attitudes and behaviours to suit the situation - Suggesting HR focuses on behaviour rather than skills / knowledge of the job Resource Based view - HR are seen as a resource which give an upper hand for the reason they keep employees in right mind of frame for the goals set Political – influence view HR act as a Political leader through - Social communication through one and another - there to prevent negative social influences and maintain positive environment Harvard framework for HRM -HR take raw influences in business - Tune them providing an organisation that has positive, individual wellbeing, effectiveness and social wellbeing. Roles for HR professionals - Strategic focus...
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...with your name, the course title and the Unit and Assessment number. Please note that this Assessment document has 12 pages and is made up of 3 Parts. Name: James Bloom Part 1: The meaning of equality and diversity in the workplace This section will help you to evidence Learning Outcome 1: Understand the meaning of equality and diversity in the workplace. Learning objective | Place in Assessment | 1.1 Describe what equality and diversity means to organisations in relation to: * recruitment * pay * conditions * promotion opportunities | Question 1, Page 3 | 1.2 Describe the benefits to an organisation of having a diverse workforce | Question 2, Page 4 | 1.3 Describe how organisations can promote and maintain equality and diversity in the workplace | Question 3, Page 4 | 1.4 Describe the difficulties that can arise in trying to establish and maintain a diverse workplace | Question 4, Page 5 | 1.5 Describe how equality and diversity can be promoted and maintained by employees | Question 4, Page 5 | ------------------------------------------------- IF YOU ARE NOT IN EMPLOYMENT OR WORK OF ANY KIND, USE THESE CASE STUDIES TO HELP YOU ANSWER QUESTION 2 AND QUESTION 4 IN SECTION 1. IF YOU ARE IN EMPLOYMENT, YOU CAN BASE YOUR ANSWER ON THE ORGANISATION YOU WORK FOR. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Case study 1...
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...Managing of organisations looms to be a bigger challenge by every passing decade. The globalisation of world economies has seen an influx of innumerable cultures and diversity in every work place. At the same time, the recession in this millennium has seen innumerable job cuts and change in practises by the same organisations. It is necessary for the management to recognise the complexity this has posed in the recent past and also prepare for the same in the not so distant future. The purpose of this essay is to highlight one such challenge facing the management – employee retention. Among the other challenges I considered were diversity management, technological advancements, lean production, remuneration, and so on. In my stint at running a business, losing employees has cost a lot of valuable time, effort and loss of sales/efficiency in finding a replacement. Employee retention is defined as the extent to which employees are retained by employers. It can be expressed as a percentage of employees with a particular length of employment to the total number of employees. “Employee Retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organisation for the maximum period of time or until the completion of the project.” (Giri YL, 2008) A related but inversely proportional measure is employee turnover. Therefore, higher the retention, lower the turnover. It is used widely to express employee retention in a different form. At this juncture, I must...
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...BUSN2007 Lecture-3 Lecture outline 1. Outline the perceptual process. 2. Explain how we perceive ourselves and others through social identity. 3. Discuss the accuracy of stereotypes. 4. Describe the attribution process and two attribution errors. 5. Diagram the self-fulfilling prophecy process. 6. Discuss three types of diversity initiatives. 7. Explain how the Johari Window can help improve our perceptions. 8. Identify the ‘Big Five’ personality dimensions. 9. Discuss the psychological dimensions identified by Jung and measured in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Perception and personality in organisations Why do so few women opt for careers in Engineering and Information Technology? •Sex-role stereotyping •Fewer role models •Low self-confidence •Image of industry Perceptual process model Environmental stimuli Feeling Hearing Seeing Smelling Tasting Selective attention Organisation and interpretation Emotions and behaviour © Ian Cugley/News Limited Selective attention • Characteristics of the object –size, intensity, motion, repetition, novelty Perceptual organisation/interpretation • Perceptual grouping principles –trends –similarity/proximity –closure • Perceptual context • Characteristics of the perceiver –values and attitudes –perceptual defence –expectations − condition us to expect events • Mental models –broad world-views or ‘theories-in-use’ –can blind people to potentially better perspectives 1 Social identity theory ACME...
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