...specific contributions to the ODD project were to provide a comparative diagnostic analysis covering DSM-IV-TR and DSM V criteria. The symptoms did change a little between the two and in the DSM V the criteria is broken down into sub-classifications which are angry-irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness. This change highlights that the disorder reflects both emotional and behavioral symptomatology. Also for the DSM V the sub-classifications need to be happening for at least six months as evidenced by at least four symptoms from any of the following categories, and exhibited during interaction with at least one individual who is not a sibling, compared to the DSM-IV-TR where, a pattern of negativistic, hostile,...
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...this introduction I will discuss three differences in the DSM-IV and DSM-5. I will also discuss the role of the DSM-5 in making diagnosis. I will explain why it is used to make these diagnoses. I then will discuss what important questions I would ask a client when conducting a clinical interview. Finally I will explain how I would make a diagnosis using the DSM-5 if I was a counselor and how I would ensure that there is no misdiagnosis. DSM-5 DSM is short for Diagnostic Systems Manual and is used in the psychology field to diagnose mental health disorders. The DSM-5 has many differences than the DSM-IV, many which are additional information on already known disorders and some are new disorders. One such change is the new re-clustering of the Autism disorders now titled as Autism Spectrum Disorders, where as in the DSM-IV it was broken down into many different categories it is all under one category in the DSM-5. The new re-clustering includes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well. All of these fall under the Neurodevelopmental disorders section of the DSM-5. Another change is that the mental retardation concept was replaced by intellectual disability (Rodriguez-Testal, 2014). Another change is the phrase “general medical condition” in the DSM-IV is replaced with “another medical condition” where relevant across all disorders in the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The DSM plays a huge role in diagnosing individuals with intellectual...
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...Assignment Each student will present a written case study of a selected patient with schizophrenia and provide a critical evaluation of the assessment, treatment and management of the patient utilizing relevant research evidence. The work should include the following areas: 1. A critical analysis of the assessment and diagnostic process 2. A critical analysis of the management/ rehabilitation-medical, nursing and other management 3. Appropriate referencing Methodology A random method was used to select the patient for this study. The patient was chosen from a cohort of patients on a psychiatric ward. The aim was to critique the assessment, treatment and management of a patient medically diagnosed with Schizophrenia. Various sources of information were utilized in the collection of information for this project. A research of this caliber demands that sources of information are peer reviewed current and of scholarly sources. Therefore it was with this in mind that the information was collected using internet medical portals, journal article and appropriate text books with a wide variety of information on the topic of choice. The patient’s docket was also used because it is a primary source of information about the management of the condition. Introduction Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder characterized by impaired communication with loss of contact with reality and deterioration from previous level of functioning at work, social...
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...Psychological Disorder Analysis LeAnn Lawyer Axia College of University of Phoenix Abnormal Psychology: Abuse, Addiction, and Disorders PSY/270 Stacie Flynn December 05, 2010 Psychological Disorder Analysis This Psychological Disorder Analysis will analyze Marla’s disorder using the information provided in the Faces of Abnormal Psychology Interactive Application. Ten clinical interview questions along with the existing symptoms are crucial to making a final diagnosis of this disorder. Furthermore, important summarized aspects of the disorder will make this disorder more understandable. In addition, the origin of this disorder will show the possible treatment needed for the disorder. Marla is a 42-year-old Hispanic female, who decided to seek professional help and arrives at the mental health clinic experiencing and complaining about symptoms such as trouble sleeping, jumpy all of the time, and an inability to concentrate. Furthermore, these symptoms are affecting her performance and causing problems at work where she is an accountant. Following the given information in the Faces of Abnormal Psychology Interactive Application and the DSM-IV criteria, Marla is most likely suffering from Dysthymic Disorder. An additional interview, which includes interview questions will result and support the same conclusion. The questions during the interview would include is she currently taking any medication? If so how long has she been taking this medication? ...
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...Disorders- Fourth Edition describes that the foundation “lack of empathy” in NPD is entirely based on clinical observation and expert consensus. However, a similar apprehension and empirical, or publicly observed, evaluation of the criterion “lack of empathy” in this disorder are inadequate, making the intent in this study was to empirically determine compassion in patients with narcissism according to the DSM-IV. This disorder is a severe mental disorder with popular rates of up to 6% in general population, unrelenting functional impairment, and high suicide rates. This disorder was established as an individual foundation, criterion 8, in the DSM-III-R (1994), which explains the “inability to recognize and experience how others feel”. It was also affirmed in the DSM-IV and the DSM-IV-TR as criterion seven. More studies that have been based on the DSM-IV also uncovered low diagnostic accuracy of the criterion “lack of empathy”. The hypothesis is: the discrepancy is due to the fact that no theoretical constitute influences the NPD criterion “lack of empathy” in the DSM (1983), and so its assessment may be destitute. Participants Recruited were 47 inpatients that had been diagnosed with NPD by the Department of Psychiatry, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin and contributing German hospitals. 53 year-old, gender-assimilated, healthy corresponding vassals were recruited by media advertisements. Former studies of Narcissistic Personality Disorder and Borderline Personality...
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...The DSM-IV is an important tool for clinicians. It provides a standard for diagnoses to be standardized across psychology; however, the DSM-IV is not as precise for diagnosing personality disorders as some psychologists would like. Give an example of each of the following problems identified in your readings and explain how these problems could negatively affect a diagnosis. 1) Some criteria used for reaching a diagnosis cannot be observed directly. A patient analysis could take place in most cases so that a clinician could gain information about the patient’s symptoms that may be immediately observable in the clinical setting. If this information is not gathered by the clinician a misdiagnosis could be made. Subjective data may include information about the patient’s personality, behaviors or a patient’s reaction to information that cannot be directly from the patient due their inability or reluctance to speak with clinician directly. As an example, if a patient who did not present personality disorders in fear might be diagnosed as having a social phobia. A patient not being truthful has very serious consequences and one could not get the appropriate treatment needed. 2) Personality disorders can be similar to each other. There are several symptoms that overlap between different disorders in DSM listings. A clinician’s personal observation could misdiagnosis between one of these two disorders if the clinician relies only on information gathered in a clinical...
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...Borderline Personality Disorder: DSMDiagnosing and Empirically-Based TreatmentKelli RodriguezCapella University1 Borderline Personality Disorder AbstractThe DSM-IV is widely used in the mental health field. Some of its many uses include providinga common language among professionals about psychopathology and delineating criteria for diagnosing individuals with mental disorders. This paper explores the purpose, history, andlimitations of the DSM diagnostic approach. A case study is provided and the DSM-IV-TR isused to diagnosis borderline personality disorder. The disorder is described and an empirically- based treatment plan is offered.2 Borderline Personality Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder: DSM Diagnosing and Empirically-Based TreatmentThe APA (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is widelyused by mental health professionals. It provides a common language about psychopathologyamong clinicians, researchers, students, and other mental health professionals. Since its inceptioninto the field of mental health, it has made a huge impact on clinical practice, research, andeducation. Although it has advanced the field of mental health, there is still criticism of theDSM classification system. Despite its limitations, it continues to be considered an importantreference for mental health professionals. This paper will explore the DSM’s use within the fieldof psychopathology. Then it will be applied to a case study of a 15 year-old girl with...
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...The DSM-IV is an important tool for clinicians. It provides a standard for diagnoses to be standardized across psychology; however, the DSM-IV is not as precise for diagnosing personality disorders as some psychologists would like. Give an example of each of the following problems identified in your readings and explain how these problems could negatively affect a diagnosis. 1. Some criteria used for reaching a diagnosis cannot be observed directly. Subjective patient analysis has to take place in most cases so that the clinician’s cangain information about the patient’s symptoms that may not be immediately observable in the clinical setting. If this external subjective information is not gathered by the clinician a misdiagnosis may be made. Subjective data may include information about the patient’s personality, behaviors or a patient’s reactions to certain situations, symptoms that only appear in a specific environment and information that cannot be garnered directly from the patient due their inability or reluctance to speak with the clinician directly. An example would be a patient who presents with avoidant personality disorder fears might be diagnosed as having social phobia when they actually are experiencing a different disorder. Misdiagnosis may have serious consequences if appropriate treatment, therapies or medications are used. 2. Personality disorders can be similar to each other. There are several symptoms that overlap between different disorders...
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...EVALUATING INFORMATION TRANSFER IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT by MARK DAMIAN MORELLI Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology (1987) Submitted to the Sloan School of Management in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Master of Science in Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 1993 @ Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1993) ALL RIGHTS RESERVED AkA& Signature of Author _ MIT Sloan School of Management May 21, 1993 ~ Certified by ..., ,.,' . tJ: ~DE teven sociate Professor esis Supervisor . ~q Accepted by . . pplnger , Jeffrey A. Barks Associate Dean, Master's and Bachelor's Progranls Dewey MASSACHusms (I' \NSTITUTE " JUM 231993 LlBRAHI~ Evaluating Information Transfer in Product Development by MARK DAMIAN MORELLI Submitted to the Alfred P. Sloan School of Management on May 21, 1993, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of Master of Science in Management ABSTRACf In an attempt to build better products faster, companies have employed simultaneous engineering, which requires the aggressive overlapping of product development tasks. In doing so, the complexity of product development projects has been dramatically increased, along with the risks of failure. Since product development projects represent a stream of information that results in new or revised products. nlore efficient methods to enhance this...
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...causes one to benefit from instrumental support in adulthood D.having an insecure attachment history with parents causes no notable differences in response to emoational support in adulthood Question 4 of 25 2.0 Points According to Bowlby, as cited in the journal article for Forum 3, the earliest working models: A.are in response to interactions with signficant caregivers B.are formed while a fetus C.are formed during adolescence D.are in response to cultural prompts Question 5 of 25 2.0 Points Central to the study of psychopathology is a definition of ___________________ __. A.society B.values C.norms D.culture Question 6 of 25 2.0 Points When attempting a diagnosis, cultural analysis may describe a variability in the ___________________ _ of a mental illness. A.disability degree B.prevalence C.manifestation D.all of the above Question 7 of 25 2.0 Points A...
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...(State of the art Basic concepts of depression Eugene S. Paykel, MD, FRCP, FRCPsych, FMedSci Historical background This paper reviews concepts of depression, including history and classification. The original broad concept of melancholia included all forms of quiet insanity. The term depression began to appear in the nineteenth century, as did the modern concept of affective disorders, with the core disturbance now viewed as one of mood. The 1980s saw the introduction of defined criteria into official diagnostic schemes. The modern separation into unipolar and bipolar disorder was introduced following empirical research by Angst and Perris in the 1960s. The partially overlapping distinctions between psychotic and neurotic depression, and between endogenous and reactive depression, started to generate debate in the 1920s, with considerable multivariate research in the 1960s. The symptom element in endogenous depression currently survives in melancholia or somatic syndrome. Life stress is common in various depressive pictures. Dysthymia, a valuable diagnosis, represents a form of what was regarded earlier as neurotic depression. Other subtypes are also discussed. © 2008, LLS SAS rior to the late 19th century, although detailed systems of classification abounded, the main problem for psychiatric nosology was the establishment of the broad major disorders. Melancholia was recognized as early as the time of Hippocrates, and continued through Galenic medicine and medieval...
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...health professionals as a complex and life-long biological disorder of development that causes difficulties in communication skills, problems with social interactions, and repetitive or restrictive behaviors and interests. According to the Autism Society of America, autism is described as a “spectrum disorder”, a group of conditions with a range of similar features, rather than one condition. Children diagnosed with autism can exhibit widely different symptoms ranging from mild to severe and varying in intensity from symptom to symptom (Schoen, 2003). Autistic Disorder is outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and is classified as a pervasive developmental disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). A diagnosis of autism must meet certain criteria, which are specifically outlined in the DSM-IV. Although there has been no specific cause identified for autism (Schoen, 2003), there are current studies being done to research possibilities such as congenital brain damage, a genetic disorder or a relationship between autism and vaccines. Autism can be reliably diagnosed by or before age three. The Autism Society of America has developed an Autism Checklist, which can be used to determine if a child should be medically evaluated for autism. Some of the behaviors on this checklist include difficulty in mixing with other children, repetitive behaviors, sustained odd play, difficulty in expressing needs, little or no eye contact and inappropriate...
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...Childhood physical and sexual abuse has long been recognized as detrimental to the development of those subjected to it. This paper will outline some of the damaging effects of maltreatment on learning and cognitive processing, the difficulties of assessing risk in children who have been maltreated, and summarize the theoretical basis for the present study. A great deal of research has focused on re-victimization, the likelihood of victims to become abusers and the long-term negative psychological and physical effects that abuse has on people (Sunday, Kline, Labruna, Pelcovitz, Salzinger, & Kaplan, 2011; Easton, Coohey, O’Leary, Zhang, & Hua, 2010; Garrido, Culhane, Petrenko, & Taussig, 2011; Loeb, Gaines, Wyatt, Zhang, & Liu, 2010). Child abuse may lead to internalizing behaviors and externalizing behaviors (Buckner, Bearslee and Bassuk, 2004; Feiring, Simon & Cleland, 2007; Moylan, Herrenkohl, Sousa, Tajima, Herrenkohl, & Russo, 2010). Internalizing behaviors include emotional issues such as posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression. Externalizing behaviors include actions such as aggression and delinquent behaviors. All of these internal and external conflicts can severely damage a child’s ability to navigate a variety of social contexts which may in turn decrease their likelihood of thriving within an academic environment. Previous research has found that children who are maltreated tend to have overall lower levels of intelligence, higher instances of learning...
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...and the excessive anxiety believed by their sufferers. Except for their symptomatic behavior individuals with anxiety disorders usually respond appropriately to their surroundings, both cognitively, and emotionally. They are aware that something is wrong, but they are generally able to cope without hospitalization. Their main characteristic is what mental health professionals may call personal distress. The most common anxiety disorders are phobic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (Phillipchalk & McConnell, 1994). The less common are panic and obsessive-compulsive. These will be discussing ahead next to its causes, symptoms, and treatments according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) recommendations. Each anxiety disorder has different symptoms, but can alter the life of the individual who suffers those. It is possible to have more than one type of anxiety disorder at the same time or simultaneously. Individuals can also have an anxiety disorder with other mental health problems like depression and substance abuse among others. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Generalized anxiety disorder is much more than what a common person with anxiety may experience in his daily live. Acquiring this disorder means always to anticipate a disaster, however most of the times the root of the worries are hard to distinguish or to locate. People...
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...Running head: Research Paper 1 Research Paper: Research of Articles’ Literature, Methods & Findings Running head: Research Paper 2 Research Paper: Research of Articles’ Literature, Methods & Findings My research consisted of the critique of 3 articles. Within my paper, I will summarize, critique, and capture implications of the articles. The first article is Assessing Personality in the DSM-5: The Utility of Bipolar Constructs. The second is Predicting the Behavior of Offenders with Personality Disorder: Issues for Investigative Psychology. The last article is Interactions between Bipolar Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder in Trait Impulsivity and Severity of Illness. All articles have something to do with personality disorders. The article Assessing Personality in the DSM-5: The utility of Bipolar Constructs was written by Douglas B. Samuel. The 8 page article was published by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This article was about the DSM-5 labeling the personality disorders as categorical constructs. Most of the categorical labels can provide relatively straightforward and rapid communication about a person. These types of categories will lead to more stimulating research and generate specific treatment recommendations. There are some disadvantages to the categorical approach including the excessive diagnostic co occurrence, inadequate coverage, excessive heterogeneity within the categories, lack of meaningful or well-validated boundary...
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