...Sociological approaches are imperative to assist in shaping in healthcare, which comes from sequences of economic ideologies and based on interpretations about the equity and the effectiveness of care that considered as the core components for determining performance of health care system. Duckett (2008) suggests that the requirement of the reformation process of the Australian health care system and the evidence-based research by Marmot investigates about the social determinants of health. Marmot’s Whitehall studies which explain the interrelated relationship between unequal health outcomes, social justice and equality which are depending on the individuals’ social standing. The studies demonstrated that the great gaps of mortality and morbidity...
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...Running Head: POLITICS Politics: Howards Government [Victoria University] Table of Contents Thesis Statement 1 Introduction 1 Discussion 1 Political Culture 3 Economic Rationalism 4 Social Conservatism 7 Conclusion 8 References 9 Annotated Bibliography 11 Politics: Howards Government Thesis Statement The changes brought by he Howard’s government in social, political, and economical landscape are substantially different from previous regimes and tend to move away from welfare state to free market system. Introduction This paper discusses the changes that have been brought by the 11 year era of 25th Prime minister of Australia, Mr John Winston Howard. This era saw economic expansion that is characterized as longest in the history of Australia. Howard’s policies, practices, philosophies, and decisions have been widely debated specially over the issue of abolishing welfare system, treatment of asylum seeker after the 9-11, and such. This paper discusses the changes in the era of Howard and its consequences. Discussion The 25th Prime minister of Australia, Mr John Winston Howard, was born on July 26th; 1939.he is the longest serving prime minister of Australia after Sir Robert Menzies. His era of Prime Ministership started March 11th, 1996 and ended in December the 3rd 2007. After 1980, it was the first Federal victory of coalition of the National Parties and liberals. The first terms was 1996 to 1998, the...
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...Tutorial week 8 discussion question 1 Australia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in the past decade has shown considerable growth. More surprisingly however is the limited extent to which the global financial crisis had impacted on Australian productivity and economic growth. The significance of this can be shown through analysing the GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power parity. Graph 1 [pic] Graph 2 [pic] Graphs 1 and 2 highlight the growth trend in GDP per capital from the years 1998 to 2009. Note that New Zealand’s GDP per capita is overall lower than Australia but this is not the point of interest. What is to be highlighted is that Australia’s trend of growth continues to increase, however New Zealand’s trend declines slightly in the year 2009 which reflects the policy implemented and the time lag it took for the global financial crisis to affect GDP per capita. Graph 3 [pic] To further reinforce Australia’s position is the Canadian trend which shows a reduction of GDP per capita during 2008, and as confidence in the economy picks up, the GDP per capita for 2009 is much more positive. As shown through the graphs, Australia is in a relatively stable position in terms of GDP per capita as compared to other developed nations, with no fluctuations and only a steady increase in growth reflecting the successful macroeconomic policies which promote consumption and consumer confidence in the economy. Although successful policies implemented...
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...throughout the product chain to the end user benefiting business and society. The capital gains to human (individuals), social (communities and end users), physical (infrastructure, land and homes) and financial capital are analysed throughout the article to reveal the benefits of fair trade operation. The human capital benefits are better management efficiency, job creation and better skills developed. This creates knowledge for individuals in the supplier industry in developing countries. The fair trade industry provides the social capital with knowledge to better the communities in developing countries by providing knowledge to the community in how to invest and cope in poor economic times. Furthermore benefits are also made evident from this in consumer countries by the stimulation of economic profit and job creation. The physical capital of fair trade organisations highlights the advantage of providing tools for infrastructure development and improvement to land and homes of suppliers. To improve the social conditions in supplier countries access to loans through fair trade organisations and funds for the community is available. In addition, skills on how to diversify business for suppliers are demonstrated, improving societies conditions and business profits. The positive financial effects of fair trade are discussed by Utting (2009), reveals that fair trade organisations have the ability to contribute wealth to many stakeholders. The product suppliers and their...
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...neo liberalism and economic rationalism. How is the third way seen as an advance on neo liberalism and what do critics make of the third way? Neo liberalism and the Third Way Neo liberalism and economic rationalism, synonymous with globalisation, gained prominence during the 1990s as a political ideology that espoused free markets as a method of not only handling affairs of nations, but also as political ideology that can be applied with all sorts of governance issues (Hartman 2005, pp.57-59). The idea was that “market forces would motivate workers and produce a vibrant economy” and that “government interference” through “high taxation and investment in the public sector services, lessened individual freedom and hindered a nations economic progress” (Rees 1994, p.172). Emphasis was placed on costs to the government being shifted back to private individuals and markets (Hartman 2005, p. 59). This would create a situation where markets would flourish with increased competition and reducing the tax burden (Hartman 2005, p.59). This came at the cost of the social state (Rees 1994, pg.171) as countries sought to create “market friendly, liberalized, lean, decentralised, customer orientated, managerial and democratic state[s],” (Bangura 2000, p.17). In Australia the conversion of public services into market commodities and increased privatisation of public provisions (Jimrozik 2005, p.42) found a scapegoat in the welfare state (Rees 1994, p.173). Welfare in Australia was equated with...
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...The association between moral foundation and political orientation in Australia: Do the American studies carry over to an Australian Population? HAYDEN TIPPING -100594202 Swinburne University of Technology Psych 101-Assesment 1 Due Date: 31st August 2015 Tutorial: Thursday 4.30-5.30 Introduction Political preferences seem an obvious topic of research, as the findings of such research are highly sought after. As such any research relating to what motivates political orientation would be very useful. For this reason a great deal of research into the relationship between moral foundation and political orientation has been done in recent years. For this study political orientation is measured using a 7-point scale from liberal to conservative. Liberal being characterised by an emphasis on social and political liberty, holding ideals of equity, individualism, liberty and rationalism (Ballamy, 2015, pp.26-31). Conservative is characterised by an emphasis on traditional class systems and government control (Sigmund, 2015, pp. 689-691). For this study moral foundation is measured by a scale from the moral foundations questionnaire (MFQ)(Graham Et Al, 2011). This is derived from Haidt and Joseph’s Moral foundations theory (MFT) (2004). Although the original theory has 4 foundations, the MFQ revolves of five different categories. Them being Harm / Care, Fairness / Reciprocity, Ingroup / Loyalty, Authority / Respect, and Purity / Sanctity (Graham Et Al, 2011). Previous research in this...
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...Part 1 1. What is Philosophy? Quite literally, the term "philosophy" means, "love of wisdom." In a broad sense, philosophy is an activity people undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths about themselves, the world in which they live, and their relationships to the world and to each other. As an academic discipline philosophy is much the same. Those who study philosophy are perpetually engaged in asking, answering, and arguing for their answers to life’s most basic questions. To make such a pursuit more systematic academic philosophy is traditionally divided into major areas of study. Source: http://philosophy.fsu.edu/content/view/full/36588 2. What are the benefits of Studying Philosophy? Studying philosophy improves reasoning and critical skills. Skills gained by philosophy majors are useful in almost any career. * The ability to think logically * The ability to analyze and solve problems * The ability to assess proposed solutions * The ability to write and speak clearly, attending to details Students learn about questions. How to ask good questions and distinguish the worthwhile from the worthless questions. How to divide, prioritize, and simplify questions. Students are affected by learning about questions. * Studying questions liberates us from prejudice * It helps us to think independently, thus, promoting autonomy, self-government, and individuation * It broadens our perspective on life The study of philosophy benefits students intellectually...
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...n Australia the "New Right" refers to a late 1970s/1980s onward movement both within and outside of the Liberal/National Coalition which advocates economically liberal and increased socially conservative policies (as opposed to the "old right" which advocated economically conservative policies and small-l liberals with more socially liberal views). Unlike the United Kingdom and United States, but like neighbouring New Zealand, the 1980s saw the Australian Labor Party initiate Third Way economic reforms, which bear some familiarity to "New Right" ideology. After the John Howard Coalition defeated 13-year Labor government at the 1996 federal election, economic reforms were taken further, some examples being wholesale labour market deregulation (e.g. WorkChoices), the introduction of a Goods and Services Tax (GST), the privatisation of the telecommunications monopoly Telstra, and sweeping welfare reform including "work for the dole". The H. R. Nicholls Society, a think tank which advocates full workplace deregulation, contains some Liberal MPs as members and is seen to be of the New Right. Economic liberalism, also called economic rationalism in Australia, was first used by Labor's Gough Whitlam.[2] It is a philosophy which tends to advocate a free market economy, increased deregulation, privatisation, lower direct taxation and higher indirect taxation, and a reduction of the size of the welfare state. The politicians favouring New Right ideology were referred to as "dries", while...
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...them. o Discuss the potential effect of your ethics on your performance or use of them in your workplace using a specific personal example. o Explain why ethics are needed in an organization and how ethics are integrated into the organization to achieve its direction and goals. What effect does the application of these ethics have on individuals, organizations, and society? • Format your paper according to APA standards. • Submit your paper to the Plagiarism Checker. Submit it for review and provide a copy of the report to your facilitator with your assignment. Personal Ethical Development Given the almost collapse of the very foundation of the financial industry in the United States which then rapidly metastasized to a financial and economic crisis with global proportions, ethics and ethical behaviours in doing business and the lack of it was one of the major factors why the mortgage meltdown happened. Thus, it is even more necessary now that organizations focus on the personal ethical developments of all of its individual members. This paper aims to explore the developmental aspect of one's ethics including the importance of ethics and ethical systems. It is interesting that the above observation was also made by Wong and Beckham (1992) almost two decades ago in doing a post mortem for the...
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...Group No: 3 Ahmed Musfar (M00502049) Bikas Shrestha (M00504031) Crispen Rodrigues (M00511976) Sameer Dhulekar (M0050750) Shanon Jaywardane (M00504738) Report Word count: 1328 Group No: 3 Ahmed Musfar (M00502049) Bikas Shrestha (M00504031) Crispen Rodrigues (M00511976) Sameer Dhulekar (M0050750) Shanon Jaywardane (M00504738) Report Word count: 1328 Assignment: Group Course Work Subject: Ethics, CSR and Governance Prof: Dr. Andrea Werner Module: Management Perspective (MGT4814) Report: The Case Study Primark (Rana Plaza, Bangladesh) Assignment: Group Course Work Subject: Ethics, CSR and Governance Prof: Dr. Andrea Werner Module: Management Perspective (MGT4814) Report: The Case Study Primark (Rana Plaza, Bangladesh) Thesis Statement An Ethics and CSR responsibilities for the organization using a case study of Primark Contents Thesis Statement 1 Contents 2 Abstract 3 Introduction 3 Analysis 4 Business Ethics 4 CSR 5 Conclusion 7 References 8 Disclaimer: 10 Abstract This report discusses corporate social responsibilities and business ethics in the case of the Rana Plaza collapse. In April 24, 2013 the Rana Plaza factory in Savar district of suburb Dhaka, Bangladesh collapsed, where death tolls reached 1129. Those were garment workers for outsourced operations from well-known Western high street fashion brands. One of the factories buried in the collapse was a supplier of Primark. The incident unveiled...
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...Policy Brief Families are often faced with a range of different, complex health and psychosocial problems. Place-based approaches aim to address these complex problems by focusing on the social and physical environment of a community and on better integrated and more accessible service systems, rather than focusing principally on the problems faced by individuals. A place-based approach targets an entire community and aims to address issues that exist at the neighbourhood level, such as poor housing, social isolation, poor or fragmented service provision that leads to gaps or duplication of effort, and limited economic opportunities. By using a community engagement approach to address complex problems, a place-based approach seeks to make families and communities more engaged, connected and resilient. An initiative of The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne Centre for Community Child Health Issue 23 > 2011 Translating early childhood research evidence to inform policy and practice Place-based approaches to supporting children and families Additionally, the circumstances in which children are growing up have changed10. Children now have fewer models of caregiving, community environments are less child-friendly and electronic media has become a dominant feature in children’s lives12,13,14. Social climate change is also evident in the increasing complexity of modern society15. One manifestation of this complexity is the increase in ‘wicked’ problems16 such as obesity...
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...with a public value paradigm. This provides the basis for a conceptual discussion of differences in approach, but also for pointing to some practical implications for both public sector management and public sector managers. Key words: new public management, public value, role of managers Public sector reform has been a common experience across the world despite its different forms and foci (Pollitt and Bouckaert 2004). Commonly as scholars and practitioners we refer to the reforms of the last few decades as ‘new public management’ (NPM) which, for Hood (1991), represented a paradigmatic break from the traditional model of public administration. During this era several countries became exemplars of NPM, in particular New Zealand and Australia which undertook significant public sector change to break from the bureaucratic paradigm of public administration.1 More recently, however, cracks have appeared and the search for a new way of thinking about, and enacting public management practice has begun, in part to address the supposed weaknesses of NPM. This is unlikely to...
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...Since its first publication in 1818, by an “anonymous” author, Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus has inspired numerous adaptations, remakes and parodies across different literary genres. Reprinted again in 1831, this time with an introduction written by Mary Shelley acknowledging her authorship, Frankenstein through its discrediting of science and the omnipotence of nature, confirms ands challenges our own habitual understandings of the world around us. The habitual understanding I will be focusing on is western hegemonic rationalism and the dominance of science as the ruler and explainer of my universe in comparison to the earlier more romantic ideology of Shelley’s time. Frankenstein also carries a warning about ambition. In a society that believes ambition to be a good thing, Shelley attempts to revel catastrophic consequences for humans over come with the quest for glory and science’s obsessive and overly ambitious nature. Western hegemonic ideal is the cultural identity that has conditioned me, becoming habitual, normal and routine. However, Shelley was privileged as she was writing at the beginning of the scientific enlightenment era, and could therefore identify what would be lost if science and technology were to usurp the position of God, nature and fate. Art, emotions, passion, suffering, humility etc were to be restricted into liminal spaces, creating a world not unlike Aldous Huxley’s A Brave New World. Romantic philosophies have been endorsed in Frankenstein...
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...Introduction As leaderships training is one of the significant parts in each organization and it is one of the reasons to enhance the organization, this essay will discuses the two types of leadership and how they affect the organization. In Addition, this essay will take in consideration the organization structure and its culture. The main concern of this essay the relation between the leaders and their followers and how it is improved through leadership training. Background information In the recent years, many nations have seen a paradigm shift in public administration. This shift to a new paradigm is often referred to as new public management (NPM). In essence, NPM is based on two philosophies: economic rationalism and managerialism. In Australia, the implementation of reforms in public services have become more efficient, effective and economical (James 2005). This can be further enhanced when a market-oriented approach will be taken in public policies and with the introduction of business methods and practices in public sector management. Public sector management can be developed because of leadership training for organizational change. The ability to lead is not always acquired naturally. It is not always apparent and is not found in the behavior and personality of the individual. Proper education and training can draw the leadership ability and help it become more effective. Managers and leaders in organizations can benefit from it. However...
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...Licensed to: iChapters User Research Method and Methodology in Finance and Accounting Second Edition Bob Ryan Robert W. Scapens Michael Theobold Australia . Canada . Mexico . Singapore . Spain . United Kingdom . United States Licensed to: iChapters User Research Method and Methodology in Finance and Accounting Copyright © Bob Ryan, Robert W. Scapens and Michael Theobold 2002 _______________________________________________________________________ The text of this publication, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, storage in an information retrieval system, or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. While the publisher has taken all reasonable care in the preparation of this book the publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions from the book or the consequences thereof. Products and services that are referred to in this book may be either trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher and author/s make no claim to these trademarks. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library _______________________________________________________________________ ISBN: 978-1-86152-881-0...
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