...Role of Non-governmental organisation towards poverty reduction in Nigeria An assessment of the Lift Above Poverty Organisation (LAPO) Chapter 1 1.0 Introduction Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are powerful agents of change and development (Ukpong, 1993 p 52). While there are no clear definitions of NGOs, the commonly held view is that they are non-governmental, non-profit making and self-governing with a purpose to ameliorate the plight of people in dire needs of life sustaining facilities in the society. NGOs are private organisations characterized primarily by humanitarian or corporative rather than commercial objectives that pursue activities to relieve the suffering of the poor; they promote the interest of the poor in developing countries (Werker & Ahmed, 2007 p3). In other word, NGOs have emerged for the purpose of providing social services or giving assistance to the marginalized, deprived and disadvantageous people in society that could hardly provide for themselves (Inhabekhai, 2002 p 150). NGOs on a global level engage in the provision of education, wealth, social welfare and other support to a large number of people. They have helped in the assistance millions of people in abject poverty and in dire condition. One of such grand projects embark upon by a conglomerate of popular NGOs in the world is the millennium development goals. The aim of the millennium development goals includes halving extreme poverty to stopping the spread of HIV/AIDs virus and...
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...would like to thank the respondents for participating and your cooperation in allowing me to collect information on the various questions I have put before you. This assignment would not have been possible without you. I thank you all. INTRODUCTION This Internal Assessment (I.A) will examine major factors that impinge on the issue of poverty, the analysis of which relates to problems of social integration of all members of society in the Caribbean. In its preparation, use has been made not only of the most recent data, but also of data relevant to periods, such as to detect trends of social development in terms of poverty and the direction of the process of social integration. This I.A. investigates the causes and effects, and solutions to, Poverty. Poverty is the state or condition of having little or no money, goods or means of support. The point of this I.A. is to find out the causes and effects of Poverty. This I.A. will outline the statement of the problem/aims, reasons why I chose Poverty, method of investigation, instrument of data collection/questionnaire, procedure for data collection, presentation of data, interpreting/analysis of data, findings/conclusions and recommendations. Numerous studies have been undertaken for the purpose of assessing poverty and developing strategic plans for its reduction. However, few have been undertaken for the purpose of determining which groups...
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...The impact of microfinance on the socio-economic lives of market women in Koforidua metropolis CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INFORMATION INTRODUCTION This chapter entails the introductory aspect of the whole work. It is made up of the background of the study, statement of the problem, purpose of study, objectives of the study, research questions and significance of the study, methodology, limitation and organization of the study. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Micro finance is defined as financial service for poor and low income clients. In practice the term is often used more narrowly to refer to loans and other services from providers that identify themselves as micro finance institutions. The introduction of micro finance is a welcome relief to development of various women organization and agencies in Ghana. One of the social problems that affect socioeconomic development of women in Ghana is how to acquire capital to finance their businesses. In Ghana, women have been discriminated against with regards to access to credit. As a result, women’s economic roles are isolated and unimportant which have subsequent economic and social impact on the country. It is important that women’s economic should be realized. Increasing women’s access to micro finance institutions have initiated a series of economic development and have increased the well-being of women and their families. An area of interest that led to this study is the introduction of micro finance initiative by the government...
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...intensified inequality Globalisation has built a set of prospects for mainly large firms around the world with declines in tariffs or creation of free trade areas (Celik 2010). Although globalisation has increase economic growth substantially it does however also increase the economic and social gap within and between countries. Income inequality in particular is the effect of globalisation through foreign direct investment. According to the World Development Indicators 2005 (World Bank, 2005), the richest country Norway has a per capita income of $43, 400 whereas the poorest countries Burundi and Ethiopia have a per capita income of $90. These show the huge gap between the poorest and richest countries per capita income. These numbers raised the question “Has globalisation led to a greater income inequality or less?” In the article ‘Is globalisation reducing poverty and inequality’, Wade (2004) questions the empirical basis of the neoliberal argument. The neoliberal argument says that the distribution of income between the entire world’s people has become more equal over the past two decades and the number of people living in extreme poverty has fallen. It states that these progressive trends are due in large part to the rising density of economic integration between countries, which has made for rising efficiency of resource use worldwide as countries and regions specialize in line with their comparative advantage. This is partially true as globalisation helps improve...
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...Report Title: poverty versus digital divide gap Course- Research Methodology (MGT 411) Presented by:- Md.Tariqul Islam Students of BBA 2nd batch, 4th year 2nd semester Roll no- 06671622 Session 2006-2007 Section- B E-mail:-tareq622 @gmail.com Department of Management Studies Under the supervision of (Mr.Md.Shahidul Islam Fakir, associate professor, department of Management studies) Faculty of Business Studies JAGANNATH UNIVERSITY DHAKA Submission date- June , 2012 Title of report: digital divide gap vs. poverty. Is there any relation between them? Table of content |Serial no |Title |Page no | |1 |Abstract | | |2 |Literature review | | |3 |Background and ICT status of Bangladesh | | |4 |Executive summary | | |5 |Main body (Current scenario, Challenge, Recommendation) | ...
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...The effects of poverty The effects of poverty are serious. Children who grow up in poverty suffer more persistent, frequent, and severe health problems than do children who grow up under better financial circumstances. * Many infants born into poverty have a low birth weight, which is associated with many preventable mental and physical disabilities. Not only are these poor infants more likely to be irritable or sickly, they are also more likely to die before their first birthday. * Children raised in poverty tend to miss school more often because of illness. These children also have a much higher rate of accidents than do other children, and they are twice as likely to have impaired vision and hearing, iron deficiency anemia, and higher than normal levels of lead in the blood, which can impair brain function. Levels of stress in the family have also been shown to correlate with economic circumstances. Studies during economic recessions indicate that job loss and subsequent poverty are associated with violence in families, including child and elder abuse. Poor families experience much more stress than middle-class families. Besides financial uncertainty, these families are more likely to be exposed to series of negative events and “bad luck,” including illness, depression, eviction, job loss, criminal victimization, and family death. Parents who experience hard economic times may become excessively punitive and erratic, issuing demands backed by insults, threats, and...
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...SUMMARY OF RESULTS OF THE SURVEY Franco Viciani Kostas G. Stamoulis Alberto Zezza Franco Viciani nd Alberto Zezza are consultants, and Kostas G. Stamoulis is a Senior Economist, Agriculture and Economic Development Analysis Division (ESA), FAO, Rome. | 1. Introduction 2. Poverty, Inequality and Food Insecurity 3. Policy Reforms Affecting Agriculture and Rural Development, and Changes in the Role of the State 4. Globalization and International Trade Liberalization 5. Increasing Agricultural Production: Sustainability and Technology Changes 1. INTRODUCTION The first step in the CUREMIS exercise was a survey conducted among all the regional and sub-regional policy officers and outposted staff of the Economic and Social Department of FAO. The survey was based on a questionnaire which was distributed to them and was structured around "major trends affecting food, agriculture and rural development" as identified in the process of preparing the FAO Strategic Framework, namely: * changes in the role and functions of the state and implication for food, agriculture and rural development * trade liberalization, globalization and increased reliance on regional blocks * persistence of poverty, mounting inequality, food insecurity and continuing risks of emergencies * population growth, urbanization and related changes in demand on agriculture; increasing pressure on natural resources and the environment * research and technology development and inequality...
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...ABSTRACT This research work was designed to find out the effect of poverty on the academic performance of students in some selected secondary schools in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. This research work consist of five chapter. Chapter one was on the background of the study. However, the significance of the study was highlighted in addition to the problem encountered by the researcher in the course of investigation. Chapter two was on the review of related literature while chapter three was on methodology, area considered under this section are population, sampling, validation and reliability of questionnaire, administration of questionnaire and method of data analysis. Chapter four was devoted to data analysis, where the researcher adopted the frequency method and percentage to analyze the data collected by means of questionnaire on the final note was chapter five which was devoted to the summary and conclusion and recommendations. TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER ONE Introduction Background of the study Statement of the problem Purpose of the study Significance of the study Research questions Limitation of the study Definition of terms CHAPTER TWO Literature review CHAPTER THREE Research methodology Research design Area of study Population Sample and sampling procedure Instrument for data collection Method of data collection Method of data analysis CHAPTER FOUR Analysis of data CHAPTER FIVE Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation REFERENCES...
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...multiple choice questions and covers the material in Sections 1 through 4 of the lectures. There are five questions from each section. • Question 1 5 out of 5 points Which of these numbers is the best approximation of how many people are currently living in "extreme poverty"? Answer Selected Answer: 1.2 billion Correct Answer: 1.2 billion • Question 2 5 out of 5 points What is meant by the term “income distribution”? Answer Selected Answer: the range of incomes actually earned across a country or region Correct Answer: the range of incomes actually earned across a country or region • Question 3 5 out of 5 points Which of the following groups have the greatest influence on development? Choose the BEST answer. Answer Selected Answer: individuals, governments, and organizations Correct Answer: individuals, governments, and organizations • Question 4 5 out of 5 points Which of the following statements about purchasing power parity (PPP) is true? Answer Selected Answer: If we say that someone “lives on less than a dollar a day,” what we mean is that the person lives on an amount of his local currency whose total value is less than a U.S. dollar. Correct Answer: If we say that someone “lives on less than a dollar a day,” what we mean is that the person lives on an amount of his local currency whose total value is less than a U.S. dollar. • Question 5 5 out of 5 points ...
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...M14/3/ECONO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX 22145113 ECONOMICS STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2 Tuesday 6 May 2014 (morning) 1 hour 30 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Do are not permitted access to any calculator for this paper. You Section A: answer one question. Section B: answer one question. fully labelled diagrams and references to the text/data where appropriate. Use maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks]. The 2214-5113 9 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 M14/3/ECONO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX –2– SECTION A Answer one question from this section. 1. Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow. Japan in first trade gap since 1963 Japan’s current account surplus fell 85.5 in November 2011 from a year earlier to % 138.5 billion Japanese yen (Japan’s currency) ($1.80 billion), the Ministry of Finance said. In 2011, Japan recorded its first deficit in its balance of trade in goods since 1963. The appreciation of the Japanese yen against the dollar has reduced Japan’s current account surplus. The Japanese yen gained 8.5 % against the dollar in the 12 months since January 2011. The currency has acquired a new and unusual status as a safe haven, reinforced by the eurozone debt crisis since international investors are concerned about the single European currency. It is estimated that a 1 % gain in the Japanese yen could reduce...
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...Poverty in Canada since 1989 The poverty rates across Canada have seen a rise and fall since 1989. The poverty rates are based on age, gender and family type. However, the poverty rates have seen a decline since 1989. The poverty for all persons in 1988 was 10.8% and in 2007 it was 9.2% (Statistics Canada, 2009, Table 202-0802). That is a 14.8% decrease in poverty for all persons in Canada over time (Statistics Canada, 2009, Table 202-0802). The decline in poverty could result for many reasons. Education, jobs and the economy of Canada may have improved a lot during the past twenty years. Canada is a developing country and is seeing improvements in social status of people. The class system plays a huge role. Could it be that families across Canada are moving up a class? Persons in economic families had a poverty rate of 8% in 1988 and it dropped to 6% in 2007 (Statistics Canada, 2009, Table 202-0802). It can be seen that there is a 25% decrease in poverty for persons in economic families over time (Statistics Canada, 2009, Table 202-0802). Therefore persons in economic families are doing well compared to how they were in 1989. It is pretty clear that the economy of Canada is developing. This would not be the case if poverty had increased during the past twenty years. Poverty still exists, no doubt about that but it will continue to decline if Canada continues to improve its economic situation. Poverty still exists for many reasons such as people in poor class work as much as...
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...country. In this new era of globalization poverty is still a worldwide problem unlikely over and the past decades whereby inspite of increasing inequality in wealth between different part of the world the problem of spreaded localized war was dominant and the newly issues such as environmental degradation, international debt, religious fundamentalism and other form of competing, collectively identify both the potential the social dislocation turning to worldwide chaos. The concept of poverty is still debatable and this result into various dimension as far as the conceptual complexity has been understood in a series of fault line including individuals or household measures private consumption only or private consumption in plus publicly provided goods, monetary or monetary plus non-monetary components of poverty, snapshots or timeline, actual or potential poverty, stocks or flow measures of poverty, in put or output measures, absolute or relative poverty. The world bank target of reducing by one-half the portion of people on extreme poverty by 2015 requires the criterion for deciding if an individual or household is poor, it does this in economic term by measuring the persons income and establishing poverty line which represent an income level below which a person is held to be in extreme poverty (Allen etal, 2004) Poverty means lack of development while development implies moving toward getting rid of poverty (Allen etal, 2004). Poverty is not a newly concept but is an age-old...
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...Listening to the poor explain what poverty is like in their own words is more vivid than reading descriptions of it. Listen to some of the voices of the poor about the experience of poverty in Box 1.1.1 From these, together with the voices of the poor recorded in Box 5.1 and Box 8.1, it is clear that what people living in poverty need and want extend beyond increased income to health, education, and—especially for women—empowerment. These correspond to enhanced capabilities and to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, both of which are introduced later in this chapter. This first fleeting glimpse at life in different parts of our planet is sufficient to raise various questions. Why does affluence coexist with dire poverty not only on different continents but also within the same country or even the same city? Can traditional, low-productivity, subsistence societies be transformed into modern, high-productivity, high-income nations? To what extent are the development aspirations of poor nations helped or hindered by the economic activities of rich nations? By what process and under what conditions do rural subsistence farmers in the remote regions of Nigeria, Brazil, or the Philippines evolve into successful commercial farmers? These and many other questions concerning international and national differences in standards of living, in areas including health and nutrition, education, employment, environmental sustainability, population growth, and...
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...Assessing the Effectiveness of Microfinance Loans from NBC in Reduction of Poverty in Kinondoni District – Dar es Salaam. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. ACB - Akiba Commercial Bank CGAP - Consultative Group to Assist the poor CRDB - Cooperative and Development Bank FFI - Formal Financial Institution FINCA - Foundation for International Community Assiatance GDP - Gross Domestic Product NBC - National Bank of Commerce NGO - Non Governmental Organisation NMB - National Microfinance Bank NMFP - National Microfinance policy PFSs - Private Financial Sectors PRIDE - Promotion of Rural Initiatives and Development Enterprise SACCOS - Saving and Credit Cooperative Society SPSS - Statistical Package for Social Science URT - United Republic of Tanzania ABSTRACT The Ojective of the research was to assess the eeffectiveness/contribution of PFSs in reduction of poverty in Kinondoni District Dar es Salaam Tanzania. The research was conducted at NBC branches. The Branches to which the Reseacrh was conducted were Kinondoni Branch, Ubungo Branch, Mlimani City Branch, UDSM Branch and Tegeta Branche. Data were collected through interview and research questionnaires and were analyzed by using quantitative approach. The research study revealed that Tanzania...
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...The British Colonial power took advantage of. The British ruled Colonial Nigeria for 45 years, before handing over power on October 1, 1960. But, much like the aftermath of many other successful independence struggles in Africa, Nigeria too suffered the consequence of colonization post the British. Left with a weak central government, Nigeria could not begin a culture of an all-inclusive democratic means of governance. Seven years after independence; The Republic of Biafra, a separatist movement formed and raged havoc in the country. The struggle for self-determination now took its roots in southeastern Nigeria. The question of self-determination is not a question of autonomy as is, but really a question of rights, respect and freedom. The struggle of nations and nationalities for respect and dignity is a plea for equitable democracy. When the national question of democracy is answered, the demand of nations and nationalities will also be answered. Reason being, it is important to create a system of equitable democracy, and a culture of governance whereby the dignity and the rights of all humanity is respected and protected before the law. To lead such a system, leaders must first gain legitimacy to govern through a free, fair and competitive electoral process. In the recent elections, former president, Goodluck Jonathan handed over power peacefully to General Mohammad Buhari. This falls into the notion of governmental accountability where the Nigerian people legitimately...
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