...Minimum wage in Hong Kong Table of Contents 1. Part 1: Minimum Wage law in Hong Kong 2 2. Introduction 2 3. Minimum Wage – Economic Theory 2 4. Introduction in Hong Kong – May 2010 3 5. Impacts – 15 months later 5 5.1. Employment 5 5.2. Firms profitability 6 5.3. Inflation 7 6. Economic cycle considerations 9 7. Part 2: Housing issues in Hong Kong 9 8. Introduction 9 9. Housing situation in Hong Kong 9 10. Housing Demand in Hong Kong 11 11. Housing supply in Hong Kong 14 12. The Current Government Policies 15 12.1. Policy 1: 15 12.2. Policy 2 16 12.3. Policy 3 16 13. Conclusion 17 14. Bibliography 18 Part 1: Minimum Wage law in Hong Kong Introduction The Hong Kong Government introduced of a Minimum Wage in Hong Kong in May 2011, in response to increased incomes disparity in the territory. It uses economic theory to predict certain impacts such as level of employment, profits of firms, inflation effect and potential positive effects on the economy in general. Minimum Wage – Economic Theory Economic theory tells us that when artificial price floors are introduced in the market, they force prices to remain above the level that balances supply and demand. The same is true with minimum wage; it raises the quantity of labor supplied and reduces the quantity of labor...
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...THE HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POS2001: Governance: Concepts, Issues and Perspective Topic 8: Overall, how would you assess the recent stamp duty changes in Hong Kong? Is this special stamp duty fair to foreign companies and non-permanent Hong Kong residents? Stamp duties from the tax history theoretical point of view, the development of any kind of tax are related to the prevailing political and economic. In Hong Kong, Special Stamp Duty (SSD) is the government on November 20, 2010 for the pressure to curb the property market overheating additional increase in tax rate and the applicable period. Any individuals or companies in Hong Kong after November 27, 2010 that are bought the property and sold their property within 24 months (if the property is in the November 20, 2010 to October 2012, 26 disposal (including resale) or 36 months (such as property obtained on or after October 27, 2012 or transfer) of the property are needed to pay the special stamp duty. According to the Hong Kong information service department official website, the SSD calculation methods have changed on October 27, 2012. If the property has been held for six months or less the tax rate from 15% increased to 20%.The Hong Kong government want to solve the price of property raises rapidly in this few years, so they try to adjust the SSD tax rate from 15% increased to 20% in order to adjust the balance in the market recently. Also, with the announcement by the United States Federal...
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...Hong Kong: the small but mighty city Analysis on its economy Nima Sang Tamang 6234519 International Business Management Comparative Country Studies University of Surrey 1 Executive Summary Asia’s world city Hong Kong (HK) is known as Asia’s world city (Hong Kong Tourism Board (HKTB), 2015), being a central hub for almost everything but is only a mere dot on the world map; being only of 1,108 sq km in size. Having a quick paced and busy life is just a norm when living especially with 7 million people and still growing. Yet, this small city is bustling with businesses from all over the world going on a fast non-‐stop pace. Growing up in Hong Kong myself, I wanted to learn more about the city I grew up. I also wanted to recommend to business firms why Hong...
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...Hong Kong Case Q1: Explain the mechanism of currency attacks. Currency attacks in emerging market economies and advanced economies occur by following some similar steps and stages but with some notable differences. Since this case is about an emerging economy so we will be discussing the mechanism of currency attacks in an emerging market. There are three following stages that lead an economy to full financial crisis. 1. Initiation of financial crisis 2. Currency crisis 3. Full-fledged financial crisis Stage 1: Initiation of Financial Crisis The reasons that leads an emerging market country towards financial crisis initiation includes the first two basic paths and some additional factors and they all make the problems of moral hazard and adverse selection worsen. A. Mismanagement of financial liberalization B. Severe fiscal imbalances C. Asset price decline D. Increase in interest rate E. Increase in uncertainty Financial liberalization is the eradication of restrictions from all the domestic financial institutions and markets and allowing them to trade with the financial firms of other nations. It has a benefit of financial development in long run but in short run it lead financial institutions to riskier lending (credit boom) and its mismanagement takes an economy towards a bubble. The financial institutions, regulators of bank, and other lenders in emerging economy do not have much expertise to cope the risk of this business line...
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...9-204-037 JANUARY 6, 2004 MIHIR A. DESAI MARK F. VEBLEN Exchange Rate Policy at the Monetary Authority of Singapore Dr. Khor Hoe Ee, Assistant Managing Director, Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), reviewed the year-end economic data for 2001. He had just met with a number of his colleagues and now paged through the statistics they had discussed. Dr. Khor wondered whether the monetary system that has served Singapore so well since the late 1970s—and had filled the void left by the collapse of the Bretton Woods currency system—was still the best model for Singapore to follow. Singapore’s managed float, sometimes referred to by journalists as a “dirty float,” stood in contrast to the systems used by some of its neighbors: Hong Kong had remained strongly committed to its peg against the U.S. dollar, and Australia had just recently shifted to a completely floating regime. A key item on the agenda for the Monetary Policy Committee meeting at the end of January was to review and set monetary policy in response to the changing economic environment. As head of the MAS’s Economics Department, Dr. Khor knew that he was responsible for recommending a policy response that would be consistent with Singapore’s strategy for sustainable economic growth with price stability as well as supporting Singapore’s role as a major global financial center. A great deal had happened in the domain of monetary policy in the last five years, much of which posed challenges for Singapore...
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...PAUL KRUGMAN WINNER OF THE NOBEL PRIZE IN ECONOMICS THE RETURN OF DEPRESSION E C O N O M CS AND T H E C R I S I S OF I 2 0 0 8 ISBN 9 7 8 - 0 - 3 9 3 - 0 7 1 0 1 - 6 W USA $24.95 CAN. $27.50 hat better guide could we have to the 2008 financial crisis and its resolution than our newest Nobel Laureate in Economics, the prolific columnist and author Paul Krugman? In his prescient 1999 classic, The Return of Depression Economics, Krugman surveyed the economic crises that had swept across Asia and Latin America and pointed out that they were a warning for all of us: like diseases that have become resistant to antibiotics, the economic maladies that caused the Great Depression were making a comeback. In the years that followed, as Wall Street boomed and financial wheeler-dealers made vast profits, the international crises of the 1990s faded from memory. But now depression economics has come to America. When the great housing bubble of the mid-2000s burst, the U.S. financial system proved as vulnerable as those of developing countries caught up in earlier crises—and a replay of the 1930s seems all too possible. In this new, greatly updated edition of The Return of Depression Economics, Krugman shows how the failure of regulation to keep pace with an increasingly out-of-control financial system set the United States and the world up for the greatest financial crisis since the 1930s. He also lays out the steps that must be taken...
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...99/14 11 FEBRUARY 1999 The Asian Economic Crisis This paper considers the economic crisis that began in the financial markets of South East Asia in 1997 and the consequences for the economies of the region and the rest of the world. The paper provides a chronology of and explores the factors that led to the crisis. An overview is given of the policy measures that the international financial institutions (IFIs), such as the IMF, have taken to deal with the crisis. Some of the arguments and policy proposals made to try to avoid future crises are also covered. Eshan Karunatilleka ECONOMIC POLICY AND STATISTICS SECTION HOUSE OF COMMONS LIBRARY Recent Library Research Papers include: 98/119 98/120 99/1 Unemployment by Constituency - November 1998 Defence Statistics 1998 The Local Government Bill: Best Value and Council Tax Capping Bill No 5 of 1998-99 16.12.98 22.12.98 08.01.99 99/2 99/3 99/4 Unemployment by Constituency - December 1998 Tax Credits Bill Bill 9 of 1998-9 The Sexual Offences (Amendment) Bill: 'Age of consent' and abuse of a position of trust [Bill 10 of 1998-99] 13.01.99 18.01.99 21.01.99 99/5 99/6 99/7 The House of Lords Bill: 'Stage One' Issues Bill 34 of 1998-99 The House of Lords Bill: Options for 'Stage Two' Bill 34 of 1998-99 The House of Lords Bill: Lords reform and wider constitutional reform Bill 34 of 1998-99 28.01.99 28.01.99 28.01.99 99/8 99/9 99/10 99/11 99/12 Economic Indicators Local Government Finance Settlement:...
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...International Political Economy Contents 1.0 Explanation of: 3 1.1 Free Market System 3 1.2 Command System 3 1.2 Mixed Economy System 4 1.4 Islamic Economic System 5 2.0 Introduction 6 3.0 Description of the Malaysian Economic System 7 4.0 What caused the failure of the Free Market System in Malaysia 10 5.0 How does the Government intervene? 11 Reference 13 1.0 Explanation of: 1.1 Free Market System Free market system is an economy where the question is answered by and controlled by the people. It is a market based economy that depends on the law of supply and demand. The values of properties and facilities are set by the participants in the market i.e. suppliers, vendors, businesses, and consumers, in which the government has no role in setting any rules or regulations of prices and resources. In other words, the government does not interfere. It can be often referred to as Barter Trading. Both parties voluntarily agree to exchange something for the other to which he holds value. Which goods are to be produced are defined by the demand and supply rule. In a free market the products chosen by the consumers survive, a deficiency happens at time when consumers need to obtaining more than manufacturers produce. A surplus happens while creators want to sell more than customers wish to buy. Unavailability of a manufactured goods commonly result in value growths in a market economy; surpluses typically consequence in cost reductions. The disadvantages...
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...The Classical Chinese Art Fund The Classical Chinese Art Fund FR3208 Arts and Antiques Market: Coursework 2 The Classical Chinese Art Fund Content Page 1. The Classical Chinese Art Fund 1.1. What is the Classical Chinese Art Fund? 1.2. Investment Profile of the Fund 1.3. Rationale: The China Factor 1.4. Investment Approach and Strategies 1.4.1. Growth Strategies 1.4.2. Risk Management Strategies 2. Market Analysis 2.1. Art Segmentation 2.1.1. Chinese Calligraphy 2.1.2. Chinese Paintings 2.2. Major Players 2.3. Demand and Supply Analysis 3. Role of Public Institutions and Regulatory Policies 4. The External Competitive Environment 4.1. Correlation between Chosen Sector and other forms of Investment 4.1.1. General Outlook of the Art Fund 4.1.2. Comparative Analysis of the Fund and Other Art Investment Funds 5. Prospective Investment Portfolio of Art Works 6. Conclusion • Appendix The Classical Chinese Art Fund FR3208 Arts and Antiques Market: Coursework 3 The Classical Chinese Art Fund 1. The Classical Chinese Art Fund 1.1. What is the Classical Chinese Art Fund? The Classical Chinese Art Fund is an investment fund approach that capitalizes on the valuable asset class of Classical Chinese Art, specifically Chinese paintings and calligraphy art pieces. Chinese paintings and calligraphy art works are considered ...
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...1385991 Anh Nguyen 1390169 Khoi Pham1385967 An assignment for ECO 3353 - Spring term, Dr. Dominic Minadeo Troy University April 30, 2014 Abstract In 2013, China, the second largest economy in the world, has experienced a banking crisis that had severely consequences on China itself and several other countries. This resulted from a rapidly rise of short-term lending from the shadow banking system, which has been considered an unofficial lending market that operates outside the scope of regulations and has recently been plunged into crisis. This paper synthesizes the overall indexes and information about the ongoing banking crisis in China, which includes: recent China economic analysis, how the crisis impacts on domestic and global economy, comparing China’s banking system to several countries in the world and the forecast for China in the near future. How the crisis took off In today’s globalized world, no country is immune from the financial crisis, even the second largest economy of the world. An increase in risky and complicated financial practices in China can possibly drive the economy to a terrible crisis. The financial crisis resulted from a rapidly rise of short-term lending from the shadow banking system. It was not easy for small and medium enterprises to access to China's formal banking system, unlike large state-owned enterprises. They had no choice but to find...
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...spectacular and sustained economic growth? As Hu Jintau remarked at the 17th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, the period since the previous Congress five years ago has been extraordinary. China's economic achievements have been arousing not only astonishment and admiration but also some anxiety. In the past twelve months alone, The People's Republic of China (PRC) has overtaken Canada as the biggest source of imports to the USA, and overtaken the USA as the biggest source of imports to the European Union. Concern about the low level of investment in Africa has been displaced by concern about the effects of the high level of Chinese investment in Africa; there is now even anxiety about the effects of investment by Chinese state-owned firms into the Western economies. The Chinese Communist Party is also expressing concerns. The themes of its 2007 Congress included protection of the environment and the achievement of social harmony. According to some estimates, China has displaced the USA as the world's biggest source of greenhouse gases. Inequality is rising as fast as pollution: China now has over 800 individuals with a personal wealth of more than a hundred million US dollars each, up from 500 in 2006; while the average income in rural areas of China is 480 dollars per year. Made in China. Hu Jintau's remark on the extraordinary nature of the most recent years can be faulted in only one sense: China has been making phenomenal economic strides, and along the way...
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... Tong b, Yujun Wu c a Department of Finance, School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China School of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Information Systems, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region c Wealth Management Institute of Lujiazui, Shanghai 200122, China b a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t We investigate why the Chinese government chooses to perform share issue privatization (SIP) of its state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Hong Kong, despite the benefit of facilitating the domestic stock market development if performing SIP in China (Subrahmanyam and Titman, 1999) and the higher cost to list in Hong Kong. We address this issue by arguing that the positive effect of SIPs on the development of the domestic market may have limitations, especially when the domestic market is not well developed and cannot absorb rapid and large-scale SIP activities. To maintain domestic market order, it may be optimal to carry out SIP in overseas markets. Furthermore, by listing shares in developed overseas markets, SOEs from the less developed countries could leverage on the overseas markets’ better accounting, governance, and legal standards. By examining a sample of 92 Chinese firms listed in Hong Kong and the relevant control samples of purely domestically listed Chinese firms during the period of 1993–2006, we find supporting evidence for both arguments. Ó 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved...
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...Asia Limited 南非联合亚洲有限公司 absolute change 绝对数值变更 absolute expenditure 实际开支 absolute guideline figure 绝对准则数字 absolute interest 绝对权益 absolute order of discharge 绝对破产解除令 absolute profit margin 绝对利润幅度 absolute value 实值；绝对值 absolutely vested interest 绝对既得权益 absorbed cost 已吸收成本；已分摊成本 absorption 吸收；分摊；合并 absorption rate 吸收率；摊配率；分摊率 ACB Finance Limited 亚洲商业财务有限公司 acceptable form of reciprocity 合理的互惠条件 acceptable rate 适当利率；适当汇率 acceptance agreement 承兑协议 acceptance for honour 参加承兑 acceptor 承兑人；接受人；受票人 acceptor for honour 参加承兑人 accident insurance 意外保险 Accident Insurance Association of Hong Kong 香港 意外保险公会 accident insurance scheme 意外保险计划 accident year basis 意外年度基准 accommodation 通融；贷款 accommodation bill 通融票据；空头票据 accommodation party 汇票代发人 account balance 帐户余额；帐户结余 account book 帐簿 account collected in advance 预收款项 account current book 往来帐簿 account of after-acquired property 事后取得的财产 报告 account of defaulter 拖欠帐目 account payable 应付帐款 account payee only [A/C payee only] 只可转帐；存入 收款人帐户 account receivable 应收帐款 account receivable report 应收帐款报表 account statement 结单；帐单；会计财务报表 account title 帐户名称；会计科目 accountant's report 会计师报告 Accountant's Report Rules 会计师报告规则 accounting and auditing procedure 会计与审计程序； 会计与核数程序 Accounting Arrangements 《会计安排》 accounting basis 会计基础 accounting by Official Receiver 破产管理署署长呈 交的帐目 Accounting Circular 《会计通告》 accounting class 会计类别 accounting date 记帐日期；会计结算日期 accounting for money 款项核算 Accounting Officer 会计主任 accounting period 会计报告期；会计期 ...
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...9 -7 1 1 -0 1 0 REV: MARCH 6, 2012 DIEGO COMIN RICHARD H. K. VIETOR China “Unbalanced” We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development,” pronounced Premier Wen Jiabao in March 2010. “We will work hard to put economic development on the track of endogenous growth, driven by innovation. — Premier Wen Jiabao, March 20101 Since the early 2000s, the success of China’s export-led growth strategy had been alienating major trade partners—especially Europe and the United States. By 2005, China’s trade surplus had reached $134 billion, of which $114 billion was with the United States alone. Foreign-invested firms accounted for more than half of this amount. 2 In the U.S., organized labor and various pundits and politicians increasingly blamed China for the loss of as many as 3.5 million manufacturing jobs.3 U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer (D-NY) became a leading voice calling for punitive tariffs if China did not allow its currency, the yuan, to appreciate.4 When China did allow the yuan to appreciate beginning in May 2005, the yuan grew by almost 21% over the next three years, from 8.3 to 6.8 yuan per dollar. However, in October 2008, China once again froze the exchange rate. By then, China's trade surplus with the United States had grown to $258 billion, while its overall current account surplus reached $426 billion. Although political complaints about China’s export-led growth model achieved limited traction, the global financial crisis brought the...
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...Q1. Analyze the external environment of the China. Answer: External environment also called macro environment consist of conditions, entities, events and factors surrounding an organization which influence its activities and choices, and determine its opportunities and risks. External environment can be divided into three broad categories. These are: ➢ General environment ➢ Industry environment ➢ Competitors Here we have to analyze the general environment of China. General environment is composed of several elements, which are discussed below in details. A. Demographic: 1. Geographic Distribution: If we see the geographical location of china in map than it is surrounded by North Korea, Japan, Vietnam etc. o Natural Hazards: There are frequent typhoons, damaging floods, Tsunamis, earthquakes, droughts, land subsidence etc occurs. So there is a high risk of natural calamities over there. o Climate: If we talk about the climate of china than it is extremely diverse, hot in south to cold in north. o Mountains and hilly land take up 65 percent of the total area. so most of the area of china are covered by mountains. o Area = total: 9,596,960 sq km o Land: 9,326,410 sq km o Water: 270,550 sq km o Coastline:14500 Km o China is World’s fourth largest country after Russia, Canada, US 2. Population size: With just over 1.3 billion people (1,330,044,605 as of mid-2008), China is the world's most populous...
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