...Bilingual Education Policy It has been 36 years since the implementation of the bilingual education policy yet over the past decades the policy was always questioned on whether it is really helpful or not (Espiritu). The policy was defined operationally as “the separate use of English and Filipino as the media of instruction in specific subject areas” and is working on the assumption that there is a certain degree of mastery of Filipino within the student (Espiritu; Isidro et al. 113). In line with the definition, the main goals of using English and Filipino as media of instruction are (1) to bring quality education, (2) to develop Filipino for exchanging of ideas, (3) to develop English as the international language and (4) to develop competence in both English and Filipino (Espiritu). Operating under these goals and since learning involves the teacher and the student, the implementation of bilingual education policy in the Philippines is beneficial for both the students and the teachers. The bilingual education policy plays three vital roles in student’s personal success. First is that bilingual education policy provides greater job opportunities for students after graduation. Because of the bilingual education policy, students will be more exposed to the use of English and Filipino in daily conversations and soon they will develop communication skills in these languages which they could use as an asset in finding jobs. Furthermore, according to Cloud, Genesee, and Hamayan...
Words: 1051 - Pages: 5
...Education Policy on Baluchistan: By Salman Musaddaq Raja Introduction: It is indeed a matter of immense pride and honor for me to formulate Baluchistan’s Educational Policy but before moving on towards the policy let us first discuss some of the achievements and some of the projects undertaken by the Baluchistan government. Vision: Our Vision is to provide quality education to every child of the province as per Article 25-A of the constitution of Pakistan. Mission: Our basic aim is to improve the quality of education in the province and this would include the improvement of teaching and learning techniques in the province and this would be only possible if we enhance our budget as per the guidelines of the 18th Amendment. It is also our mission to bridge the gap in between the primary and middle level education. Our mission also includes the objective of functionalizing the dysfunctional schools and to equip them with the basic necessities and Last but not the least our mission is to have a comprehensive Educational Plan. Achievements: Baluchistan is considered as the weakest province in terms of Education in Pakistan. Out of every 5 less than 2 are enrolled in primary schools but still the government of Baluchistan has achieved a lot of Achievements in this field and some of them are follows. * Under the Aaghaz-e-Haqooq-e-Baluchistan Package the education budget of Baluchistan was increased not only by the provincial government but also by the federal government...
Words: 1088 - Pages: 5
...today is; is the current National Education Policy (NEP) of Pakistan capable of achieving that which its predecessors have failed to deliver? The answer to this question is not quite as simple as it may seem at first sight. In the course of this paper, we intend to take a step back from the deluge of specific data available on Pakistan’s educational sector and instead, analyze the broad strategic importance of education and the NEP at large. Furthermore, we would, through the course of this paper, dig to the roots of the main problems that have marred the NEP of Pakistan in the past. The representation of numbers will be used where it is most comprehensive, but it should be borne in mind that the strategic importance of education policy, and its effectiveness, takes precedence over the depiction of specific policies being followed at various levels in the education sector. Education, Strategy & the NEP: The vital role of education in the economic growth and social advancement of the society is undeniable. In fact, the relevance of education to the global competitiveness can be gauged from the fact that education forms two pillars (out of twelve) of the Global Competitive Index (GCI). Exhibit 1 shows an excerpt from the GCI report of 2007. The position of Pakistan on the education front relative to its major international competitors is indeed grim. What then, is the NEP targeting? Here, it will be useful to understand what the educational policy of a country actually stands for...
Words: 2169 - Pages: 9
...The topic for this week’s forum discussion hits very close to home for me as I am very invested in the education that my 5 and 6 year old daughters are receiving. There is no doubt that public education has changed extensively since I went through elementary school quite some time ago. Without a doubt if I were to take over Presidency I would address federal education policies. The overall level of public education that the future of this nation is getting is a disgrace. There have been multiple policies that have promised to do nothing but improve public education and standardize the level of education the youth is receiving. None of these policies have produced any success. Instead we as a country are continuing to set the bar low and accepting mediocrity when it comes to education. This needs to be changed before the lack of high standards for education continues to put us more and more behind. The adaptation of common core was supposed to help standardized and improve our...
Words: 478 - Pages: 2
...Annotated Bibliography DeMatthews, D. E., & Mawhinney, H. (2013). Addressing the Inclusion Imperative: AN Urban School District’s Responses. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 21(61). This empirical article takes a look at an urban school district’s attempt to implement inclusion into their school district. Through qualitative research one school district’s special education inclusion reform is examined over a four year period. In the past, this district had many compliance issues with how they handled their special education students. With a change in staff new hope was brought to this school and so were many changes. A description of the school’s inclusion implementation process was shared. Both positive and negative outcomes of this policy...
Words: 1178 - Pages: 5
...Education is arguably the main factor for social mobility. The higher the level of education attained, the more respect you have. It also provides for you financially and provides a better life those receiving plentiful amounts. For immigrants coming into America, having an education puts you ahead of a majority of the immigrant population and makes you a more likely candidate for better earning jobs. Education should influence immigration policy because of the overall benefits our country receives. With more educated immigrants comes more job competition, skilled workers from low-productivity countries to high-productivity nations increases the incomes of people in America, and education is a needed expense because educating younger immigrants...
Words: 1799 - Pages: 8
...U.S.A’s Education Policy Student’s Name Institution Affiliation Introduction Education policy refers to the guidelines and principles that the government put in place as laws in order to govern the activities around education systems in their country (Dewey, 2012). These policies are meant to be implemented in all the stages of education that is from early childhood education, kindergarten through to 12th grade, university and college education, graduate, adult education and job training. The areas that the government focuses on while formulating and implementing education policy include school choice, class size, school size, teacher education, school privatization, teacher pay and certification, curricular content, teaching methods, school infrastructure and education requirements (Dewey, 2012). It also encompasses the values and missions that schools aim to uphold and achieve respectively. A country’s academic success is greatly determined by the kind of education policies that have been formulated and implemented by its government (Ravitch, 2012). Hence this is a very vital factor for citizens to consider when they are obligated to vote in a new government. They tend to look at the most beneficial and favorable education policies that are going to be for the good of the country. Politicians also prioritize this factor when they are campaigning for office. This essay aims at comparing two countries’ education policies that is...
Words: 3688 - Pages: 15
...The Failure of Education Policy in the United States The United States has always struggled to find a way to provide an education system that provides a solid educational foundation for America’s youth. The government’s use of education policies to help better America’s education system many say has failed along with politicians attempts to solve this problem. In this paper we will be searching for an answer to a question that plagues many concerned parents and many politicians as well: Has the education policy failed in the United States? In order to answer this question we must look back on the historical background of the issue, we must review the past and present policies in place and we must identify the proposed solutions. It is our intention, with this research, to understand why or why not our education policies have failed America’s youth. There is a major problem in America and it is not one that is hard to spot if you are a concerned parent looking at your child’s test scores, a student enrolled in America’s public schools, a politician seeking to pass a new policy or even a concerned citizen, because when it comes to building a strong, intellectual country Americans’ know we need an education system that adequately prepares our youth. With so many statistics showing the decline of test scores it is not hard to identify the educational problem in America. However, there are many different beliefs as to why the education policy is failing in the United States; however...
Words: 2633 - Pages: 11
...Human Capital Needs in Agriculture and Allied Sectors - Policy Options National Academy of Agriculture Research Management (NAARM, Hyderabad) and Institute of Applied Manpower Research (IAMR, New Delhi) The Backdrop Agriculture sector is the mainstay of Indian economy ensuring food security and providing livelihood to millions involved either directly or indirectly with this sector. This sector has a strong mutually beneficial interface with the industry sector. Notwithstanding its declining share in country’s GDP, agriculture continues, and will continue to be the key to nation’s growth and development. Over the years Indian agriculture had made tremendous progress which, in a large measure, is directly or indirectly, due to the contributions of agricultural science and technology, and development of human skills to take advantage of the technology, be it through development of improved seed and planting material, plant protection, irrigation and soil conservation measures, mechanization and other productive agricultural practices as well as in putting on ground a massive infrastructure for extension work and transfer of technology to the farmers. In recent times, however, the pattern of agricultural growth has become somewhat erratic. The challenges that Indian agriculture faces today because of factors like shrinkage of available land, decline in soil quality and response to inputs, inadequate and uneven penetration of technology and skills, and above all...
Words: 5228 - Pages: 21
...Re-thinking the relevance of philosophy of education for educational policy making Morwenna Griffiths MORAY HOUSE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH Abstract The overall question, ‘What kind of ‘philosophy of education’ is relevant to educational policy makers?’ is addressed by focussing on the following four themes: What meanings are attached to the term philosophy (of education) by philosophers themselves? What meanings are attached to the term philosophy (of education) by policy makers? What difference does place and time make to these meanings? How do these different meanings affect the possibility of philosophy (of education) influencing policy? The question is addressed using both philosophical methods and also some empirical evidence from conversations and conversational interviews with some philosophers of education and other educational researchers. The argument begins with an investigation of different ways of understanding philosophy and philosophy of education in relation to education and educational policy. It then examines first the current policy context and secondly some evidence about the practices of policy makers in relation to ideas and to research. It goes on to present some of the findings from the conversational evidence. The paper is drawn together in the penultimate section where I make some suggestions about possible fruitful relationships between philosophy and policy making. Finally, in the concluding section, I point out some further...
Words: 7350 - Pages: 30
...INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES: POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE IMPLICATIONS Researcher : BERNARDO, REX ADIVOSO Type of Document: Unpublished Dissertation School: BICOL UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL The main objective of this study is to evaluate and recommend policies for the effective implementation of Inclusive Education in the education system in the Philippines. It specifically gathered data on the existing policies and current inclusive education practices based on the nature of integration, curriculum and instruction, facilities, teacher training, administration, orientation of school officials, faculty, students and parents, community support, linkages, peer support and others. It also determined the constructive features of inclusive education drawn from the experiences of persons with disabilities which contributed to their integration in the mainstream society. Moreover, the study identified the problems, issues and gaps in the implementation of inclusive education as perceived by the persons with disabilities themselves and by the implementers of Inclusive Education - the Department of Education (DepEd) Special Education (SPED) officials, principals and teachers. Lastly, it developed an inclusive education framework and an advocacy agenda, in terms of policy and legislation, for the effective implementation and institutionalization of inclusive education in the education system. The study is based on the UNESCO Education For All...
Words: 1122 - Pages: 5
...OF INDIGENOUS CUSTOMARY EDUCATION PRINCIPLES IN THE FORMULATION OF SPECIAL NEEDS EDUCATION POLICY BOAZ Paper presented at the Fourth International Special Education Congress, Birmingham, 10-13 April 1995 University of Manchester School of Education April 1995 THE RELEVANCE OF INDIGENOUS CUSTOMARY EDUCATION PRINCIPLES IN THE FORMULATION OF SPECIAL NEEDS EDUCATION POLICY Joseph Kisanji INTRODUCTION The Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education adopted at the World Conference on Special Needs Education in June 1994 reaffirmed commitment of the world community to “Education for All” and urged governments to “give the highest policy and budgetary priority to improve their education systems to enable them to include all children regardless of individual differences and difficulties”. The United Nations (1994) in its “Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities” urges Member States in Rule Number 6 to ensure special needs education “is an integral part of the education system”. These statements in support of the “Education for All” campaign which was given the blessing of the international community at the 1990 Jomtien Conference provide broad guidelines for national and local action. However, national governments have to unpack the guidelines to make "Education for All" a practical reality...
Words: 4213 - Pages: 17
...Assess the effects of policies designed to create an education market in UK The UK government has designed policies in the past to bring about an education market; an education market is a system whereby educational establishments (such as schools) are forced to be competitive. Policies that have been introduced have led to increased parental control, removal of state control over establishments and league tables where i.e. exam results are compared; many of the policies either the same as or built upon the 1988 Education Reform Act introduced by Margaret Thatcher; Margaret was the Prime Minister at the time and was a part of the Conservative Political Party, therefore, the New Right tend to be supportive of the policies implemented. The New Right favour the marketization of the educational system (introduction of an education market) as they believe that state control leads to inefficiency within educational establishments; marketization also forces these establishments to compete for better exam results so that they can attract more pupils and thus more funding. The New Labour also hold similar views as the New Right in that they favour the marketization of education they view the marketization as a way of reducing inequality of achievement and promoting greater diversity. Labour governments have seen Tony Blair and Gordon Brown follow similar policies as Margaret Thatcher’s educational reform act. Despite Marketization offering a format whereby schools are forced to raise...
Words: 618 - Pages: 3
...Laws, Procedures and Policies Regarding Disciplining Special Education Students Holly Witherwax Prairie View A&M University Introduction Discipline within a school setting is of prime importance, and ensures that learning activities progress without major hitches. This is true in school settings that enroll students without disabilities, as well as schools for students with special needs. Learning institutions that enroll both disabled students and those not disabled are also tasked with ensuring that discipline amongst the students is maintained across the board. Therefore, the challenge for administrators in schools that have incorporated special education students is that of ensuring that in disciplining special education students; they act within the law, they act in an unprejudiced manner (vis-à-vis disciplining normal students) and finally that the punishment takes cognizance of the status of the student as a special education student. Federal Law and Disciplining Special Education Students There are various laws that govern the disciplining of special education students in federally supported schools in K-12 education. The most relevant law as regards disciplining special education students is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1990 (reauthorized in 1997). The provisions of IDEA state that unless a special needs student has committed punishable acts that require drastic measures such as the student being permanently transferred from...
Words: 1540 - Pages: 7
...One policy introduced by the government was the 1988 Education reform act which had many features. One of the features was that it introduced national compulsory testing for ages 7, 11 and 14 which are also known as SATs. The results from these tests would be published in league tables so that it could enable parents to compare the results of different schools in their local area. Because of this parents could then choose the “best” school in terms of results which would create competition between schools for pupils. Another feature of the act was the introduction of OFSTED which involved rigorous school inspections every 6 years. The inspectors would examine the quality of teaching and facilities at the school and then grade the school on a scale of poor to excellent. Some sociologists would argue that OFSTED created naming and shaming of schools and often this impacted the type of pupils that would attend the school. For example middle class parents would find out that a school near them had satisfactory from OFSTED so would only send their child to a school which had excellent. This then resulted in the “excellent” schools having the middle class children that were more likely to have better grades which resulted in better funding for the school. On the other hand working class children would be left with the satisfactory schools and not improve as these schools receive less funding and notice. Other policies include the introduction of academy schools which are schools that...
Words: 299 - Pages: 2
