...of passage transformation between childhood to adulthood is for the Maasai people, another common culture has the similar believes is the Americans concerning the rites of passage which Naomi Wolfs explains in her story “Promiscuities: The Secret Struggle Towards Womanhood.” In both the Maasai and American cultures, both men and women go through rites of passage in order to learn responsibility and respect for family needs. When it comes to honoring your family’s name you’ll do anything to make them proud. In “The Initiation of Maasai Warrior” Tepilit Ole Saitoti tell “Ours has always been a proud family, and we would like to keep it that way. We will not tolerate unnecessary embarrassment, so you had better be ready. If you are not, tell us now so that we will not proceed.”(1) The key words in this quotation are “Tolerate” and “unnecessary” Webster’s new dictionary defines “tolerate” as the exixting presence, practice or act of without prohibition or hindrance and “unnecessary” as essential, needless. The children of Maasai must do what is needed for a family need and to not disappoint there family reputation because then it will effect there life style and the kids childhood would be rough. In “Promiscuities” Naomi Wolf's tells “In addition to the sexual education, a family's friends can commit to being part of a wisdom initiation: transmitting...
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...Outline and assess the view that the role of the education system is to reproduce and transmit culture. This essay will outline and asses the view that the view that the role of the education system is to reproduce and transmit culture. According to Bourdieu, the major of the education system is cultural reproduction. This does involve society as a whole, as Durkheim argued, but, instead, the reproduction of the culture of the ‘dominant classes’. These groups have the power the power to ‘impose meanings and to impose them as legitimate’. They are able to define there own culture as ‘worthy of being sought and possessed’, and to establish is as the basis for knowledge in the educational system. The high value placed on dominant culture in society as a whole simply stems from the ability of the powerful to impose their definition of reality in other. The possession of dominant culture is referred to as cultural capital by Bourdieu. This is because via the education it can be translated into wealth and power. Children of dominant classes acquire skills and knowledge from pre-school which puts them in an advantage because they have the key to understanding what is being transmitted in the classroom. Bourdieu claims that, since the education system presupposes the possession of cultural capital, which few students in fact possess, there is a great deal of inefficiency in teaching. This is because working students simply do not understand what their teachers are trying to...
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...Outline and assess the view that the role of the education system is to reproduce and transmit culture. This essay will outline and asses the view that the view that the role of the education system is to reproduce and transmit culture. According to Bourdieu, the major of the education system is cultural reproduction. This does involve society as a whole, as Durkheim argued, but, instead, the reproduction of the culture of the ‘dominant classes’. These groups have the power the power to ‘impose meanings and to impose them as legitimate’. They are able to define there own culture as ‘worthy of being sought and possessed’, and to establish is as the basis for knowledge in the educational system. The high value placed on dominant culture in society as a whole simply stems from the ability of the powerful to impose their definition of reality in other. The possession of dominant culture is referred to as cultural capital by Bourdieu. This is because via the education it can be translated into wealth and power. Children of dominant classes acquire skills and knowledge from pre-school which puts them in an advantage because they have the key to understanding what is being transmitted in the classroom. Bourdieu claims that, since the education system presupposes the possession of cultural capital, which few students in fact possess, there is a great deal of inefficiency in teaching. This is because working students simply do not understand what their teachers are trying to...
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...Indigenous children into the Euro-Canadian culture. These schools started in the 1880’s into the closing decades of the 20th century and in 1920 it was put under the Indian Act. It was then mandatory for First Nations to attend the school, and illegal for them to attend other education institutes. Residential schools had two main objectives, one was to isolate children from their family and to assimilate them. They did this because they thought that Aboriginal culture was inferior and unequal to theirs and because they thought Aboriginals weren't as civilized as they were. These schools were a part of a large school system made by the government and run by churches....
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...Functionalist’s accounts of education Functionalism is based on the view that society is a system of interdependent parts held together by a shared culture or value consensus. Each part of society, such as family, economy or the education system in this case, performs functions that help to maintain society as a whole. For some sociologists/functionalists, such as Durkheim or Parson for example, the real function of education is to act as a means of promoting consensus, by socialising people into the norms that are seen to be important in a particular society. An example is to instruct on authority relationships, on the ‘correct’ behaviour in public spaces and values, for example hard work, honesty and ambition. To other sociologists, education can be seen as a source of conflict or social division, particularly when issues of gender, class and ethnicity are put under the sociological microscope. The founder of functionalist sociology and French sociologist, Emile Durkheim (1903) identified two main functions of education; these are creating social solidarity and teaching specialist skills. Durkheim argues that society needs a sense of solidarity, meaning that its individual members must feel themselves to be part of a single body or community. The education system helps to create social solidarity by transmitting society’s culture, its shared beliefs and values, from one generation to the next. An example of this is that Durkheim argues that the teaching of a country’s history...
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...Using material from item A and elsewhere assess the contribution of functionalism to our understanding of the role of education. Functionalism is based on the view that society is a system of interdependent parts held together by a shared culture or value consensus (agreement) amongst individuals as to what values or norms are important in society. Therefore they take a positive view of the education system. As item A suggests they see it as a form of secondary socialism essential to maintaining society i.e. the values and norms transmitted by social institutions and groups which build upon those learnt in the family (primary socialism). The French sociologist Emile Durkheim (1903) identifies the two main features of education as the creation of social solidarity and the teaching of specialist skills which are both essential for life in society and work. The American functionalist Talcott Parsons (1961) sees society as one based on the principle of meritocracy unintentionally highlighting the inequality of how those they see as ‘the naturally more talented’ get the best jobs over others. In addition to this Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore (1945) also see education as the means for selection and role allocation but focus on the relationship between education and inequality amongst individuals. Similarly to the point, Peter Blau and Otis Duncan argue that a modern economy depends on the prosperity constant growth of using its ‘human capital’ and its workers skills...
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...Outline and asses the view that vocational education simply trains workers for exploitation. A Labour prime minister in the 1970's said that Britain was facing a skills crisis. Pupils were leaving school unemployable, lacking the knowledge and skills needed for Britain to compete in the global economy. This was the main reason why new vocationalism was introduced to train young people and to provide the economy with skilled workforce. On these vocational courses students are taught technical skills such as plumbing and construction. Marxist would argue that vocationalism doesn’t simply train workers for exploitation but also produces inequalities. That the real function of vocational education is to serve the needs of capitalism and tofurther produce existing inequalities.They would also argue that vocational schemes are interpreted as helping legitimise class division because they promote the idea that the middle class receive education whereas the working classes receive training. As the elite have their own schools which are known as public schools where they are not taught vocational courses this allows them to get the higher status and better paid jobs and further promotes inequality.Althusser argued that the main role of education in society is to reproduce of an efficient and obedient work force. This is achieved through schools by transmitting the ideology as school teaches individuals to compete with their pupils by trying to do better than them. It also trains future...
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...Assess the Marxist contribution to an understanding of the role of education Marxism is one of a group of theories collectively called structural theories. Marxists tend to see the role of education as a process of conflict. They believe that the education system creates class inequality. Working classes accept that they will be working in the manual work force in the future, unlike the middle class students who believe they will be doing the higher and more skilled jobs, this is due to the myth of meritocracy. According to a Marxist perspective, the role of education is to create a better economy in the future. Both Bowles and Gintis identify this role as they created the correspondence theory, which means that school will always correspond to work as they both have similar features, preparing for the working world. Bowles and Gintis also believe that children mostly learn from the hidden curriculum which is based on your learning in school like obedience, manners, competition etc. This means that Marxists believe education plays a big part in society because schools are preparing students for jobs in the future. Furthermore, Willis suggests that education also promotes conflict because he recognised that schools do not produce an obedient work force just like Bowles and Gintis said as they don’t follow ruling class ideology. Willis studied a group of 12 working class boys and he said that they developed an anti-school subculture which shows a lack of authority through school...
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...The book, “Degrees of Inequality: Culture, Class and Gender in Higher American Education” by Ann Mullen discusses how higher education is linked to social stratification, or how society ranks categories of people into a hierarchy. Mullen observed Yale University and Southern Connecticut University, which are two miles apart from each other. The differences between Yale and SCU brought Mullen to her conclusion that higher education plays an important role in individual mobility, but also produces social inequality. Yale University is an extraordinary wealthy and boasts an endowment of over $15 billion. Yale offers a liberal arts education so that their students are highly disciplined intellects in all areas and develop as a whole person. Stereotypically,...
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...I Define the following terms: Term Definition Diversity the condition of having or being composed of differing elements : variety; especially : the inclusion of different types of people (as people of different races or cultures) in a group or organization Ethnocentrism characterized by or based on the attitude that one's own group is superior Melting pot diverse racial or ethnic groups or both, forming a new creation, a new cultural entity Minority group a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their own lives than do the members of a dominant or majority group Emigration leaving a country to settle in another Immigration coming into a new country as a permanent resident Culture 1: cultivation, tillage 2: the act of developing the intellectual and moral faculties especially by education 3: expert care and training 4 a : enlightenment and excellence of taste acquired by intellectual and aesthetic training b : acquaintance with and taste in fine arts, humanities, and broad aspects of science as distinguished from vocational and technical skills 5a : the integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon the capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations b : the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group; also : the characteristic features of everyday existence (as diversions or a way of life}...
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...Education is the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. Teachers in educational institutions direct the education of students and might draw on many subjects, including reading, writing, mathematics, science and history. This process is sometimes called schooling when referring to the education of teaching only a certain subject, usually as professors at institutions of higher learning. There is also education in fields for those who want specific vocational skills, such as those required to be a pilot. In addition there is an array of education possible at the informal level, such as, in museums and libraries, with the Internet and in life experience. HISTORY The history of education according to Dieter Lenzen, president of the Freie Universität Berlin 1994 "began either millions of years ago or at the end of 1770". Education as a science cannot be separated from the educational traditions that existed before. Adults trained the young of their society in the knowledge and skills they would need to master and eventually pass on.[citation needed] The evolution of culture, and human beings as a species depended on this practice of transmitting knowledge.[citation needed] In pre-literate societies this was achieved orally and through imitation. Story-telling continued from one generation to the next. Oral language developed...
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...globalization in the past ten years. During these ten years, economic, technical and education develop very fast, so it makes global communication more continent and faster. In my view, global communication is type of talk and symbiosis between different countries. Global communication is the process of transmitting and receiving on a world-wide scale, and has promoted the globalization on economic, technical and education. Firstly, I would like to talk about some global communication between my country(China) and America. In recently years, my county is more and more care about our county’s education system; Education scholars were found the limitation of our education system. So the education scholars are creating several plans to meliorate this situation, for example: have cooperation with America or other foreign country schools, to transfer our Chinese students to them, to learn different knowledge from them; School in China invite foreign students to come to China, teachers can share their good experience or skills to each other, foreign students can experience the culture in China and learn different tradition they never learn from books. In ancient century, during the period which was our country is the controlled by Qing Dynasty; our ancestors had a fancy to study abroad. At that time, depends on the special situation, they want to learn other country’s best knowledge and education systems to help their country (Qing Dynasty) against with the foreign enemies. They...
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...Functionalists take a consensus view of the role of education. They see it as performing three important functions; socialisation into the shared culture, equipping individuals with work skills for the division of labour, and selection for work roles. Education is organised on meritocratic principles and reward pupils’ ability, not their social background. Functionalists take a very positive view of education. They see it as a form of secondary socialisation essential to the maintenance of society. it performs vital social functions, including transmitting shared norms and values and equipping pupils with the knowledge, skills and habits needed for work. School also acts as a bridge between the family and the world of work, reflecting the values of equal opportunity and individual achievement found in wider society. it gives everyone an equal chance of discovering and developing their talents. Education also sifts and sorts individuals, allocating them their future occupational roles on the basis of their ability and effort and enabling the talented to become upwardly mobile. The structure and processes of education systems are related to the general process of socialisation. All sociologists agree with this, but sociologists have many different views about how societies are structured. They have many different views about the role of education in society. The following research will focus on the role of education from a Functionalist, Marxist and an Interactionalist's...
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...Name Professor Unit 23rd January 2014 Human Resource Strategy in Organizations Human resource is an important department in any organization. This department if effectively run can enable an organization to implement organizational strategies successfully by managing the organization’s most vital resource- its employees. With the realization of this fact, there has been a slight shift in the operation of Human Resources in the corporate world whereby HR acts as strategic partner of the organization (Mejia 5). This essay will attempt to explain the importance of having HR as strategic partner in the organization, how HR strategies relate to the overall business strategy in an organization and the career path of a senior HR executive. In the past a line was drawn between business strategy and human resource strategy. The traditional belief was that the sole role of human resource was personnel administration and this had nothing to do with the overall business strategy. This belief has changed considerably over the past couple of years with human resource departments playing strategic roles within organizations (Holbeche 34). Business executives have come to realize that human resource strategies go hand in hand with the company’s business strategy. Success in a business can be easily achieved if management realizes the connection between human resource strategy and business strategy. Human resource...
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...Outline the Functionalist view of education (12marks) Functionalism is based on the view that society is a system of interdependent parts held together by a shared culture or value consensus. Each part of society such as the family, economy or education system performs functions that help maintain society as a whole. The functionalist perspective on education can be broken down into the three main topics: solidarity and skills, meritocracy and role allocation. Durkheim states that education performs two main functions: creating social solidarity and teaching specialist skills. Durkheim argues that society needs a sense of solidarity and he argues that this function is important as without it social life and cooperation would be impossible because each individual would pursue their own selfish desires. The education system helps to create social solidarity as school is a vehicle for transmitting norms and values from one generation to the next. For example the school teaches students about history which gives them a sense of shared heritage and a commitment to wider social group. School also acts as a society in miniature preparing students for life in wider society. For example school mirrors the workplace which helps students know how to deal with real world situations. Durkheim also argues that education also teaches individuals the specialist knowledge and skills that they need to play their part in the social division of labour. A weakness of this view is that it assumes...
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