Free Essay

Electromagnetic

In:

Submitted By csarmientoc
Words 752
Pages 4
HIERRO DULCE
Hierro "Soft" se utiliza en las asambleas magnéticos, electroimanes y en algunos motores eléctricos, y puede crear un campo de concentración que es hasta 50.000 veces más intenso que un núcleo de aire.
El hierro es deseable hacer núcleos magnéticos, ya que puede soportar altos niveles de campo magnético sin saturar
También se utiliza porque, a diferencia de hierro "duro", que no permanece magnetizado cuando se elimina el campo, que a menudo es importante en aplicaciones donde se requiere el campo magnético que ser cambiado varias veces.
Por desgracia, debido a la conductividad eléctrica del metal, a frecuencias de AC de un bloque mayor o barra de hierro dulce a menudo pueden sufrir de grandes corrientes de Foucault que circulan dentro de ella que la energía de residuos y causar un calentamiento indeseable de la plancha.
ACERO DE SILICIO LAMINADO
Debido a que el hierro es un relativamente buen conductor, no se puede utilizar en forma a granel con un campo que cambia rápidamente, tal como en un transformador, como intensa corrientes parásitas sería aparecer debido al campo magnético, lo que resulta en grandes pérdidas.
Se utilizan dos técnicas comúnmente juntos para aumentar la resistividad de hierro: laminación y de la aleación de hierro con el silicio. Laminación
Núcleos magnéticos laminados están hechos de láminas de hierro delgado y aislado, la mentira, lo más posible, en paralelo con las líneas de flujo. Usando esta técnica, el núcleo magnético es equivalente a muchos circuitos magnéticos individuales, cada uno de ellos recibir sólo una pequeña fracción del flujo magnético. Debido a que el flujo de las corrientes de Foucault alrededor de las líneas de flujo, las laminaciones evitan que la mayoría de las corrientes de Foucault fluya en absoluto, restringiendo cualquier flujo a mucho más pequeño, más delgado y por lo tanto las regiones de resistencia más altos. A partir de esto, se puede ver que el más delgadas las laminaciones, la inferior las corrientes de Foucault. Aleación de silicio
Una pequeña adición de silicio a los resultados de hierro en un aumento dramático de la resistividad, hasta cuatro veces mayor. El aumento adicional en la concentración de silicio afecta las propiedades mecánicas del acero, causando dificultades para rodar debido a la fragilidad.
Entre los dos tipos de acero al silicio, de grano orientado y de grano no orientado, GO es más deseable para los núcleos magnéticos. Es anisotrópico, que ofrece propiedades magnéticas mejores que GNO en una dirección. A medida que el campo magnético en los núcleos de inductor y el transformador es estática, es posible utilizar el acero GO en la orientación preferida.
HIERRO CARBONILO
Núcleos de polvo de hierro carbonilo, un hierro de alta pureza, tienen alta estabilidad de los parámetros a través de una amplia gama de temperaturas y los niveles de flujo magnético, con excelentes factores Q entre 50 kHz y 200 MHz. Polvos de hierro de carbonilo son básicamente constituido de tamaño micrométrico esferas de hierro recubiertas de una fina capa de aislamiento eléctrico. Esto es equivalente a un circuito magnético laminado microscópico, por lo tanto, la reducción de las corrientes de Foucault, particularmente a frecuencias muy altas.
Una aplicación popular de hierro carbonilo basado en núcleos magnéticos es de alta frecuencia y banda ancha inductores y transformadores.
POLVO DE HIERRO
Núcleos de polvo de hierro reducido de hidrógeno tienen una mayor permeabilidad, pero inferior Q. Se utilizan sobre todo para los filtros de interferencia electromagnética y choques de baja frecuencia, sobre todo en fuentes de alimentación conmutadas.
FERRITO
Cerámica de ferrita se utilizan para aplicaciones de alta frecuencia. Los materiales de ferrita pueden ser diseñados con una amplia gama de parámetros. Como la cerámica, que son esencialmente aislantes, lo que evita las corrientes de Foucault, aunque todavía pueden ocurrir pérdidas tales como pérdidas por histéresis.
METAL VÍTREO
De metal amorfo es una variedad de aleaciones que son no cristalino o vítreo. Estos se utilizan para crear los transformadores de alta eficiencia. Los materiales pueden ser muy sensible a los campos magnéticos de bajas pérdidas de histéresis y también pueden tener una menor conductividad para reducir pérdidas por corrientes parásitas. China está haciendo gran difusión industrial y utilización de la red de energía de estos transformadores para instalaciones nuevas.
http://books.google.com.co/books?id=tQoBvNMMEJAC&pg=PA124&lpg=PA124&dq=permeabilidad+magnetica+hierro+dulce&source=bl&ots=ySVK1ICzQD&sig=wLA6QGR8yQjwAiIBjoogXd_zmA4&hl=es&sa=X&ei=qyumUtTbA4zMkAfLwoBQ&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false8

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Electromagnetic Spectrum

...The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation.[1] The "electromagnetic spectrum" of an object is the characteristic distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object. Types of Electromagnetic Spectrum: Radio-The wireless transmission through space of electromagnetic waves in the approximate frequency range from 10 kilohertz to 300,000 megahertz. Micro wave-An electromagnetic wave with a wavelength between that of infrared and short waves (one millimeter to one meter).Microwaves are used in radar, in communications, and for heating in microwave ovens and in various industrial processes. infrared radiation-Invisible radiation in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum characterized by wavelengths just longer than those of ordinary visible red light and shorter than those of microwaves or radio waves. Visible radiation( light)- electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation. Ultraviolet-Of or relating to the range of invisible radiation wavelengths from about 4 nanometers, on the border of the x-ray region, to about 380 nanometers, just beyond the violet in the visible spectrum.X-rays- Gammo rays-Electromagnetic radiation emitted by radioactive decay and having energies in a range from ten thousand (104) to ten million (107) electron volts. Dangers for using any EM radiation: EM radiation impinges upon a conductor, it couples to the conductor, travels along it...

Words: 308 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Cad Techniques for Rf Electromagnetic

...|School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science | |ELE569 Microwave Electronics | |CAD Techniques for RF Electromagnetic – The Network Analyser | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ...

Words: 3504 - Pages: 15

Free Essay

7 Regions of the Electromagnetic Spectrum

...The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. There are 7 regions in the electromagnetic spectrum and they are gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwaves and radio waves. All types of electromagnetic radiation are transverse waves and they all travel at the same speed in a vacuum. The regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are explained below in order of increasing wavelength and decreasing frequency. Gamma Rays (γ-rays) Gamma rays have the lowest wavelength but the highest frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum. They are produced by radioactive atoms in nuclear explosions. Gamma rays are highly penetrating rays and can kill living cells, which due to this it is used in medicine to kill cancerous cells. However, they can also kill healthy cells which could lead to cancer. Gamma rays are also used to kill bacteria in food and to sterilise surgical instruments. X-rays X-rays are used to produce photographs of bones to check if for any damages or fractures. They can also be used to check metal components and welds or any other damage. The earths atmosphere is too thick for x-rays to enter, so x-ray astronomy has to be done in space. X-rays come from fast electrons that decelerate after striking something. Advantages of x-rays are they can be used to check if anyone has any broken bones in their body. Disadvantages are that x-rays can cause mutations in the DNA, they can cause cancer and they...

Words: 778 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Engineering Electromagnetics

...Lecture 5: Weber and Bureaucracy Weber: 3 Types of Authority • Charismatic Authority ❑ Those in authority possess charisma ❑ No fixed hierarchy of officials ❑ No legal rules governing organization ❑ Short-lived: dependent upon personality of leader. Examples: Jesus’s disciples Religious cults ❑ After leader’s death the movement must become ‘routinized’ or collapse traditional or bureaucratic control/authority. • Traditional Authority Two forms a) Household – relatives, favourites and servants (e.g. ‘Biraderi’ in Pakistan. ‘Family’ in Sicily). b) Vassals – feudal lords who swear loyalty to monarch and hold land in exchange for military service. In both cases social actions are based upon custom/ingrained habit. Bureaucractic Authority • Weber constructed an ‘ideal type’ of bureaucratic organization. He argued that bureaucracies were increasingly moving towards this ‘pure’ type. • The ideal type of bureaucracy contains these elements ❑ Specialization: Each administrative official has a clearly defined area of responsibility and competence: ‘The regular activities required for the purposes of the organization are distributed in a fixed way of official duties’. ❑ Sub-division: Complex tasks are broken down into manageable parts: state administration divided...

Words: 1122 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Electromagnetic and Health Risk

...Introduction: Are Electromagnetic Fields a Risk for Human Health? Power lines allow the transmission of electricity. These exist all over the world, but are more predominant in some places, depending on the energy consumption. Although they all work for the same purpose, there are different types of power lines systems, and some have higher voltages than the others. Electromagnetic fields are created with the conduction of electricity, “because of the movement and existence of the charges. During the 1970’s, an examination was made on childhood leukemia and the results found a possible relationship between an increase in the disease and exposure to electromagnetic fields. From that moment on, many other studies attempted to show a link between electromagnetic fields and other diseases, which has caused major concern in many people. While some studies claim that there is a link between the two, some others demand that there is not enough proof to categorize electromagnetic fields as dangerous to human health. Even though exposure to electromagnetic fields has been labeled as a “human carcinogen,” most experts claim that there is not enough proof to make this claim and most studies show no relationship between these diseases and exposure to EMFs. Perhaps, some other factors should be considered when linking EMFs to developing certain diseases. Since our company was concerned about our customers’ anxiety, we decided to make a report on the subject. This report will...

Words: 2380 - Pages: 10

Free Essay

The Uses of Electromagnetic Spectrum.

...gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+uses+of+electromagnetic+spectrum https://www...

Words: 37544 - Pages: 151

Premium Essay

Help

...1. Which band of the electromagnetic spectrum has: (a) the longest wavelength? (b) the lowest frequency? (c) the shortest wavelength? (d) the highest frequency? (e) a wavelength just longer than red light? (f) a wavelength just shorter than violet light? (g) a frequency higher than X-rays? (h) a frequency lower than microwaves? (i) a wavelength in between infra-red and ultra-violet? (j) a wavelength in between gamma rays and ultra-violet? (k) a frequency in between infra-red and radio waves? 2. Which band or bands of the electromagnetic spectrum: (a) are used in broadcasting? (b) are used to treat cancer? (c) give rise to sun-tan? (d) are used to cook food? (e) are used in night-sights? (f) are used to obtain photographs of broken bones? (g) are produced by fluorescent lamps in order to detect forged bank notes? (h) are given off by the Sun? (i) are used to sterilise food? (j) are produced by sun-beds? (k) are used in photography? (l) are used to transmitted satellite television? (m) are used by television remote controls? (n) are used in optical fibre communication systems? (o) can be felt as heat? (p) are given off by radioactive materials? 3. List the colours of the spectrum of white light starting with the colour of lowest frequency. 4. List the colours of the spectrum of white light starting with the colour of shortest wavelength. 5. List the bands of the electromagnetic spectrum starting with the band of longest wavelength. 6....

Words: 548 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

X-Rays Definition

...An X-ray is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation. (Basic Principle) Other types of electromagnetic radiation that make up the electromagnetic spectrum are microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, and gamme rays. They all travel in waves, but possess different wavelengths. X-rays are shorter in wavelength compared to ultraviolet rays, but longer wavelengths when compared to gamma rays. (Comparison and Contrast) X rays are produced inside a vacuum tube called a Coolidge tube by the use of the principal cathode ray tube or an x-ray tube. (Location) In the case of the x-ray tube, the cathode and the anode have a voltage of 20-100 kV. The anode is typically made out of a substance called tungsten. Electrons emerging from the cathode hit the tungsten, loses energy from ionization and radiative collision, and results in x-rays and Brehmsstrahlung (white light photon). (Analysis) To be classified as x-rays, the frequency must range from 3x10^16 through 3x10^19 Hz. (Physical Description) The word X-ray, known as Roentgen rays in German-speaking countries, was named after its discoverer Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen. It was aptly named “X-rays,” with the “x” being a mathematical symbol for something unknown. He accidentally discovered it while experimenting with vacuum tubes in 1895. (Word Derivation) Strong, deeply penetrating, and highly destructive rays with short wavelengths are called hard X-rays. Those with longer wavelength and less penetrating...

Words: 375 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Plan

...Pasbul, San Juan, Lubao, Pampanga Tel #: 971 5080/971 7040 Core Learning Area Standards: The learners utilize gained scientific skills and attitudes in understanding the nature of waves as carriers of energy. They become acquainted with the different types of waves, know the different characteristics and properties of each disturbance, and through the process, develop appreciation on the importance of wave to man’s life and his environment.Year Level Standards: Understand the nature of wave as energy carriers, differences between electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves, and their characteristics and properties | Waves | Number of Days – 20 days | Content Standards * Demonstrate understanding on: * the nature of waves as energy carriers and the wave properties of reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference * differences between electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves and give examples of each * characteristics of waves, amplitude, crest, frequency, period, trough, and wavelength * different properties of waves | Performance StandardsConduct research works, carry out mathematical equations, and produce outputs that will reflect the existence of waves including their importance and impact to man and his environment | Lesson Number/Title | Key Understanding and Key Questions | Knowledge | Skills | Teaching Strategies | Assessment Strategies | Resources | 1. Vibrational MotionNumber of Days: 5 daysLesson Focus: * - Simple Harmonic Motion *...

Words: 817 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Hw 11 Sim

...Radio Waves & Electromagnetic Fields SIM Homework 1) For this question, use the Radio Waves & Electromagnetic Fields simulation to guide your understanding of how Radio broadcasting and Radio receivers work. a) How is the radiating electric field (or electromagnetic signal) produced when radio stations broadcast? Include a description of what is producing the signal as well as the reasoning behind how this could produce a signal. b) How does your antenna work to detect this electromagnetic signal produced when radio stations broadcast? Include the physics principles that support your description of how this signal is detected. 2) Using the simulation, adjust the transmitter so that it is in sinusoidal mode and the electrons are oscillating up and down at a regular frequency. This is how radio waves are broadcast. Set it so that both “display the curve” and the “radiated field” boxes are checked. a) What does the curve represent? The line of electrons being sprayed off of the antenna that then cause the receiver electron to move. The path that an electron will follow due to the electromagnetic wave. The evenly spaced electrons moving up and down between the two antennae. The field of negative charges that are moving through space. The strength and direction of the force that would be exerted by the electromagnetic wave on an electron. b) With the frequency set at the mid-point of the slider and the amplitude set at the mid-point of the slider, approximately...

Words: 715 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Nanoscale Optics

...Traditional and new simulation techniques for nanoscale optics and photonics a I. Tsukerman*a, F. Čajkoa, A.P. Sokolovb Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, The University of Akron, OH 44325-3904, USA b Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, OH 44325-3909, USA ABSTRACT Several classes of computational methods are available for computer simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering at optical frequencies: Discrete Dipole Approximation, the T-matrix − Extended Boundary Condition methods, the Multiple Multipole Method, Finite Difference (FD) and Finite Element (FE) methods in the time and frequency domain, and others. The paper briefly reviews the relative advantages and disadvantages of these simulation tools and contributes to the development of FD methods. One powerful tool – FE analysis − is applied to optimization of plasmon-enhanced AFM tips in apertureless near-field optical microscopy. Another tool is a new FD calculus of “Flexible Local Approximation MEthods” (FLAME). In this calculus, any desirable local approximations (e.g. scalar and vector spherical harmonics, Bessel functions, plane waves, etc.) are seamlessly incorporated into FD schemes. The notorious ‘staircase’ effect for slanted and curved boundaries on a Cartesian grid is in many cases eliminated – not because the boundary is approximated geometrically on a fine grid but because the solution is approximated algebraically by suitable basis functions. Illustrative...

Words: 5791 - Pages: 24

Premium Essay

Hw11 Sim Key

...Radio Waves & Electromagnetic Fields SIM Homework Answer Key 1) For this question, use the Radio Waves & Electromagnetic Fields simulation to guide your understanding of how Radio broadcasting and Radio receivers work. This simulation is available at the Physics 1010 Homepage. a) How is the radiating electric field (or electromagnetic signal) produced when radio stations broadcast? Include a description of what is producing the signal as well as the reasoning behind how this could produce a signal. Electromagnetic radiation is produced by accelerating charges. In the radio transmitter, electrons oscillate up and down and are thus accelerating. An electron will exert a force on another electron when they are some distance away, like charges repel. When the electron in the transmitter oscillates up and down, the direction of the force it exerts changes since the source of the force (the oscillating electron) is moving. It takes some time for the change in this direction of the force to be felt since this change is communicated or propagated out at the speed of light. In addition, the horizontal component of this force is canceled by the positive charges in the transmitting antenna. So, the resulting force is an oscillating force that pushes vertically on electrons. This force propagates out as a wave as the signal travels at the speed of light. b) How does your antenna work to detect this electromagnetic signal produced when radio stations broadcast? Include the physics...

Words: 1910 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Wireing

...DEFINTIONS CROSSTALK: the coupling or transfer of unwanted signals from one pair within a cable to another pair WAVEGUIDES: a structure that electromagnetic waves along their length the core fiber in an optical fiber is an optical waveguide. FTTH: uses optical fiber from the central office to the home there are no active electronics helping with transmission of data. SIMPLEX: a link that can care a signal in only one direction. HALF-DUPLEX: a system in which signals can be sent in two directions but no at the same time. FULL DUPLEX: a system in which signals may be transmitted in two directions at the same time. PHOTODIODE: a component that converts light energy into electrical energy .the photodiode is used as a receiving end of a fiber optic link. Amplitude modulation: a method of signal transmission in which the amplitude of the carrier is varied in accordance with the signal. Analog transmission: an electrical signal measured in hertz Digital transmission: processing storing of data by representing the data in a binary value. Sample rate: the number of samples of a sound that are taken per second to represent the event digitally. Electromagnetic wave: Wave produced by the acceleration of an electric charge. Refeaction: a return of electromagnetic energy. Medium: when referring to Ethernet LANS the transceiver in the Ethernet networks. Total internal reflection: the reflection in a medium of a given refractive index. Fresnel reflection: reflection of a small...

Words: 380 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

James Clerk

...James Clerk Maxwell By: Cory Smith Life Science Table of Contents Early Life………………………………………………………………..pg.3 Education………………………………………………………………..pg.3 Family/Interest……….,………………………………………………….pg.3 What did Maxwell Invent? …......................................................................pg.3 Why did he want to invent this? ..................................................................pg.4 What Happened when he retire? ………………………………………….pg.4 How did this invention impact us? …..........................................................pg.4 How has this invention led other people to improve on it? ..........................pg.4 Bibliography………………………………………………………………...pg.5 James Clerk Maxwell was born in Edinburg, Scotland, on June 13, 1831. He was an only child of John Clerk who was a lawyer and his mother. Shortly after his birth his family moved to a country estate in Glenair, which they had inherited from there Maxwell ancestors. During that time he adopted the last name Maxwell. He and his family lived a comfortable, wealthy middle class life. James education was given to him by his mother who was a full time Christian. By the time he was eight his mother had passed away from abominable cancer. After that sad and depressing time he memorized all of Psalm 119. He also became interested in scientific investigations. For example he used tin plate to attract sunlight, and made observations of the life cycle of a frog. He attended Edinburg Academy since...

Words: 777 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Brief History of Physics

...PHYSICS HISTORY OF PHYSICS Physics (from the Ancient Greek φύσις physis meaning "nature") is the fundamental branch of science that developed out of the study of nature and philosophy known, until around the end of the 19th century, as "natural philosophy". Today, physics is ultimately defined as the study of matter, energy and the relationships between them. Physics is, in some senses, the oldest and most basic pure science; its discoveries find applications throughout the natural sciences, since matter and energy are the basic constituents of the natural world. The other sciences are generally more limited in their scope and may be considered branches that have split off from physics to become sciences in their own right. Physics today may be divided loosely into classical physics and modern physics. Ancient history Elements of what became physics were drawn primarily from the fields of astronomy, optics, and mechanics, which were methodologically united through the study of geometry. These mathematical disciplines began in antiquity with the Babylonians and with Hellenistic writers such as Archimedes and Ptolemy. Ancient philosophy, meanwhile – including what was called "physics" – focused on explaining nature through ideas such as Aristotle's four types of "cause". MAJOR FIELDS Branches of physics Physics deals with the combination of matter and energy. It also deals with a wide variety of systems, about which theories have been developed that are used by physicists...

Words: 5415 - Pages: 22