...Topic: Embedded Systems Name: Nyalala Innocent Odira College: 信息科学技术学院 Major: 计算机应用技术 Number: 2013114033 Teacher’s Name: 2014年1月 5日 | 南京农业大学教务处制 | Embedded system is a specialized computer system that is part of a larger system or machine. Typically, an embedded system is housed on a single microprocessor board with the programs stored in ROM. Virtually all appliances that have a digital interface like watches, microwaves, VCRs, cars etc., utilize embedded systems. Some embedded systems include an operating sys-tem, but many are so specialized that the entire logic can be implemented as a single program. The term paper would elaborate the history of embedded systems, the generations of its development, the components of embedded systems, its design issues and the programming languages that are used to build it. Then this paper would also include its current state of art, its uses, its current applications, the problems that have occurred in designing such kind of systems, also the steps taken to solve such problems and its future prospects. 1. INTRODUCTION These are the days when the term like embedded is increasingly becoming more and more popular in the world. We are flooded with embedded systems that seem to be everywhere. Now the question is what basically embedded systems are. We can define an embedded system as a...
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...Embedded Systems Design Scott DeCota Modern Operating Systems Embedded systems are all around us. They run the engine, brakes, seatbelt, airbag, and audio system in your car. They digitally encode your voice and construct a radio signal to send it from your cell phone to a base station. They control your microwave, dishwasher, and DVD player. They command robots on a factory floor, power generation in a plant, processes in a chemical plant, and the traffic lights in the city. Embedded operating systems are growing increasingly common in everyday appliances and other devices. These operating systems provide application interfaces for a wide range of different applications. The challenge for developers is to determine which operating system or programming language to use in a particular device or project, and how to utilize the parallelism and concurrency capabilities of the hardware and programming language chosen for a project to design a system of adequate timing precision and efficiency. Developers working with embedded systems need to be extremely diligent in regards to timing and optimization. Embedded systems are frequently interacting with the physical environment in which multiple sources of data may be interacting with the system simultaneously. Developers should have a solid understanding of the parallelism and concurrency capabilities of the hardware for a selected project. These features can occur in different forms that can greatly affect the timing of the...
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...Embedded Journalism and War Reporting Dion E Jones University of Phoenix COMM 220 Maureen, Duffy M.A. May 13, 2012 Embedded Journalism and War Reporting Journalism covers the principles of reporting in different circumstances such as the time-based news as in press conferences or untimely news of crisis, disasters and conflicts. Even though the reporting objectives are vast, and the journalists are expected to perform their duties without any fear or bias, it is the responsibility of the journalists to observe certain ethical considerations. At times, what journalists consider their responsibility may prove to be harmful for others. The policy of embedded journalism is debated mainly because, it compromises the military’s safety, security and strategy, through its bias and unethical reports; the presence of embedded journalists should not be allowed alongside fighting forces. Ethics of Journalism and War Reporting The question whether something is ethical or not, is gaining worldwide scrutiny these days. With the advent of social media, people have access to so much detail regarding the circumstances of the world. The journalists who are active through social media seem to provide all the minor details to their followers notwithstanding the ethical aspect of such information. The line between what...
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...Embedded Journalism COM: 235 Final Research Paper April 24, 2014 Chloe Di-Tommaso Dr. Meade “Embedded Journalism” Throughout our studies amongst media law and ethics, I have grown particularly absorbed by the weights and balances of embedded journalism within our war culture today. My research aims to evaluate both the values and drawbacks of the Pentagon’s decision to pursue embedded journalism during the war on terror in 2003. I will be offering an in-depth evaluation of the history, objectives and purposes of embedding, how embedding raises concerns with the First Amendment’s entitlements, and finally questioning the notion that embedded journalism decreases censorship and increases access. In order to understand the current iteration of embedded journalism, we must understand our nations history of war correspondents and their relations with soldiers (Mayfield, 2013). The history between the military and the media lays the foundation for embedded journalism and serves as a reminder that the absence of censorship in past wars provided the impact on todays embedded program into Iraq (Brandenburg, 2007). Military-media relations have been building up over time, it originated with the earliest correspondents in 1850 and today expands through British, French, and American military engagement with the media (Mayfield, 2013). It wasn’t until the second half of the twentieth century that America began utilizing their media to report on current warfare’s. However, journalistic...
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...[pic] ZigBee Wireless Mesh Networking for Monitoring & Control What is ZigBee? ZigBee is a consortium of software, hardware and services companies that have developed a common standard for wireless networking of sensors and controllers. While other wireless standards are concerned with exchanging large amounts of data, ZigBee is for devices that have smaller throughput needs. The other driving factors are low cost, high reliability, high security, low battery usage, simplicity and interoperability with other ZigBee devices. ZigBee can be used in commercial applications such as building maintenance for monitoring and controlling lights, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), smoke alarms, fire alarms, burglar alarms, landscaping sprinklers and lights and many other uses. In health care, ZigBee can be used for patient monitoring equipment, fitness monitoring and other uses. Industrial environments can use ZigBee for asset monitoring, process control, assuring compliance with environmental standards and energy management. Used correctly, ZigBee enabled devices can give a warning before a breakdown occurs so that repairs can be made in the most cost effective manner. They can also be used to maintain quality and reduce waste. Soon, ZigBee enabled devices will show up in our homes. They will be used for controlling our home entertainment systems, lights, garage door openers, alarms, panic buttons, and many other uses. Imagine your...
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...arises the vehicle is stopped with an alarm indication, this operation is enabled by means of the driver circuit connected to the vehicle motor and the signal is transmitted via RF-transmitter at the frequency of 433.92 MHz. In the Receiver side the transmitted signal is received and the signal is decoded and given to the Microcontroller, which uses this information for displaying the alert message in the LCD as programmed, simultaneously a buzzer alert is given. Block Diagram Transmitter[pic] Receiver [pic] HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS • Microcontroller Unit and Power Supply • LCD • Alarm unit • RF transmitter and receiver SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS • Embedded C • Keil Compiler LIST OF HARDWARE MODULES: MODULE 1: Power Supply for 8051 Microcontroller MODULE 2: Encoder MODULE 3: RF Transmitter MODULE 4: Decoder MODULE 5: RF Receiver MODULE 6: Relay...
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...Nucleus RTOS Johnathan Rawlings POS/355 July 17th, 2013 Steven Schoen Nucleus RTOS IM sure if you’re like me your probably wondering what Nucleus RTOS is. Well let’s take a look; Nucleus RTOS is a real-time operating system (RTOS) and toolset created by the Embedded Systems Division of Mentor Graphics for various central processing unit (CPU) platforms. It’s estimated to be running on over 2.11 billion devices around the world. On Nucleus Applications are compiled to run on various target CPU architectures and tested using the actual target boards or in simulation environment. On Nucleus development is typically done on a host computer running Windows or Linux. Nucleus RTOS is designed for embedded systems applications including consumer electronics, set-top boxes, cellular phones, and other portable and handheld devices. What’s impressive is that Nucleus RTOS can be scaled down to a memory footprint as small as 13 KB for both code and data for limited memory systems. Nucleus is comprised of these main components: the kernel, connectivity, file system, graphics, and security. And here are some basic descriptions of each component. Kernel: * Real time kernel * C++, POSIX and Micro ITRON interfaces * Dynamic download * Inter-process communications * Closed Source (however, the source code is available to customers, making it easier to debug than operating system distributed as binaries only) Connectivity * USB 2.0 Host, Function and On-The-Go (OTG)...
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...Invest in your most valuable asset Master of Science - Technology Programs for Working Professionals We can reach our potential, but to do so, we must reach within ourselves. We must summon the strength, the will, and the faith to move forward - to be bold - to invest in our future. John Hoeven Governer - North Dakota The World of Manipal Manipal University is widely recognized for imparting high quality professional education. Founded 57 years ago by Dr. T. M. A. Pai, Manipal University is located in the bustling student town of Manipal (in Karnataka). Manipal University was the first institute to be recognized as a Deemed University by the Government of India in 1993. Manipal University offers programs in Medicine, Dentistry, Engineering, Nursing, Allied Health, Pharmacy, Life Sciences, Management, Mass Communication, Information Sciences, Hotel Management, Regenerative Medicine and many more. India's top ranked institutions, including Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT) and the Kasturba Medical College (KMC) are part of Manipal University. These colleges have consistently been rated among India's top 10 institutions, in their respective fields, in different surveys over the last few decades. Manipal has come to be recognized for its excellence in Medical and Engineering programs and continuing education in the areas of IT, Semiconductor, Mechanical, Chemical, Management and Healthcare for employed professionals. In its endeavor to provide Continuing Education...
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...Keypad System By: Julian Garcia and Christian White ET2640 Microcontrollers and Microprocessors Mr. Wysuph List of Components I. Breadboard II. 8051 microcontroller III. 4x4 Hex keypad IV. 7 – segment display V. Keil program software VI. 5 volt power supply VII. 330 ohm resistor pack VIII. 1 resistor (8.2K ohm) Progress Update Although our circuit is not built, we have made progress. We have to order a part in order for the project to work. We have to order the 4x4 hex keypad. Once the keypad arrives, we can wire it to our breadboard or the trainer. In order for this project to work, we must make sure that our circuit chips have power (VCC) and are grounded. After that is done, we will take our 33pF capacitors and connect them to our 11.0592MHz oscillator, which is connected to XTAL1 and XTAL2 on the 8051 trainer. We will then tie R1 – R4 and C1 – C4 on our hex keypad to ports 1.0 through 1.7 together on the 8051. Ports 0.0 – 0.7 on the 8051 will have a 330 ohm resistor pack connected to the 7 segment display. We will then have our 10uF capacitor tied together with the 8.2k ohm resistor, which should be connected to our reset. Test Plan To troubleshoot the circuit, we first must know how it is supposed to work. If the keypad is not working, we must check all connections and we can use a logic probe to see if we are getting an output at certain pins. We can also use the logic probe if our 7 – segment display is not lighting up or not...
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...Systems in Embedded Systems Welton N. Spratley Southern New Hampshire University Running head: SECURITY EXPLOITATIONS OF REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS 2 Security Exploitations of Real Time Operating Systems in Embedded Systems Abstract: Real Time Operating Systems that are currently used in embedded systems around the global community has seen an increase in the number of devices that are being employed using this technology. With the implementation of IPv6 , the number of IP addresses that are now available in order to support this boom in the use of embedded systems have also seen an increase in the types of operating systems that helps to manage these systems. However, this has created another area where malicious attackers can exploit some of the security flaws that can be found in these embedded systems. This research paper will outline how microkernels and monolithic kernels that are found in these real time operating systems have been exploited due to careless source code programming in their stack and heap memory areas. Some of these flaws can lead to buffer overflow of memory core areas which can lead to memory being overwritten and being replaced with other I/O or buffer underflow of memory which can lead to memory leakage. Disaster happens when an operating system fails to prevent the unauthorized usage of resources in relation to embedded systems. Keywords: RTOS security; microkernel; memory management; stack; heap; interrupts, embedded system ...
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...INDUSTRIAL TRAINING FROM TATA CMC, JAMMU ON EMBEDDED SYSTEMS. Submitted in the partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering In Electronics and Communication Engineering Submitted By Ashish Gupta 258/12 Under the guidance of Ms. Sonika Mahajan IT Guide Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Mahant Bachittar Singh College of Engineering and Technology, Jammu 2015 CERTIFICATE i DECLARATION I hereby declare that the Seminar Report entitled “EMBEDDED SYSTEMS” is an authentic record of my own work carried out as requirement for the award of degree of B.E. (E&C) of Mahant Bachittar Singh College of Engineering & Technology, Jammu. Date: ................ Ashish Gupta 258/12 Certified that the above statement made by the student is correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Ms. Sonika Mahajan Ms. Neha Gupta Ms. Shalini Sharma IT Guide ...
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...input/output peripherals as well a processor. Microcontrollers are mostly designed for embedded applications and are heavily used in automatically controlled electronic devices such as cellphones, cameras, microwave ovens, washing machines, etc. Types of Microcontroller: Microcontrollers are divided into categories according to their memory, architecture, bits and instruction sets. So let’s discuss types of microcontrollers:- Bits: 8 bits microcontroller executes logic & arithmetic operations. Examples of 8 bits micro controller is Intel 8031/8051. 16 bits microcontroller executes with greater accuracy and performance in contrast to 8-bit. Example of 16 bit microcontroller is Intel 8096. 32 bits microcontroller is employed mainly in automatically controlled appliances such as office machines, implantable medical appliances, etc. It requires 32-bit instructions to carry out any logical or arithmetic function. Memory: External Memory Microcontroller – When an embedded structure is built with a microcontroller which does not comprise of all the functioning blocks existing on a chip it is named as external memory microcontroller. For illustration- 8031 microcontroller does not have program memory on the chip. Embedded Memory Microcontroller – When an embedded structure is built with a microcontroller which comprise of all the functioning blocks existing on a chip it is named as embedded memory microcontroller. For illustration- 8051 microcontroller has all program &...
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...Email: rickywoolf@example.com PROFESSIONAL PROFILE A committed and proactive professional who specialises in the use of embedded design and programming techniques to develop creative and innovative robotic systems tailored towards specific project requirements. Quick to assimilate new ideas, concepts and cutting-edge technologies whilst demonstrating a logical and analytical approach to solving complex problems and issues. Able to work well on own initiative while demonstrating the organisation and prioritisation required to achieve tight deadlines and deliverables. A motivational and inspirational leader who enjoys being part of a successful and productive team, and thrives in highly pressurised and challenging working environments. OBJECTIVE Currently looking for a new and challenging position, one which will make best use of existing skills and experience while enabling further personal and professional development. EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS MSc Embedded Systems and Robotics – Distinction (2003) Thesis: Compact Motion Tracking System for Human Rehabilitation BSc Computer Science with Robotics & Intelligent Machines – 2.1 (2002) Thesis: 2D Mapping Mobile Robots in Unstructured Environments College Courses Mathematics, Mechatronic Systems, Applied Dynamics and Electrical Control Theory KEY TECHNICAL SKILLS • Assembler, Embedded C, C++, Visual MFC, Linux, Java, OpenGL, Handle-C and VHDL CAREER SUMMARY 2005–date Mobile Robotics Ltd, London ...
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...professional both in my approach and in my attitude and thus resulting in the mutual development of both the organization and myself. EDUCATIONAL PROFILE Course Aggregate BE Electronics and Communication Engineering 6.75 CGPA Bharath Niketan Engineering College, Anna University,Chennai. 2008 – 2012. Higher Secondary Certification 70% JRK Matric. Hr. Sec. School,kattankulathur. Secondary School Certification 63% St.Josephs Matric. Hr. Sec. School,Maraimalainagar . SUBJECTS OF INTEREST • Digital Electronics • Embedded system • Micro Processor 8051 COURSE UNDERTAKEN • PG Diploma course in Embedded System for a period of six months at Accel IT Academy,Chennai. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ATTENDED • Undergone Inplant Training at “VEE EEE Technologies”, Chennai for a period of five days. CO CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES • Presented a Project entitled “Contactless AC Main Voltage indicator” Organized by Cauvery College of Engineering & Technology, Trichy and Bharath Niketan Engineering College, Aundipatty. SOFTWARE DEXTERITY |Programming Languages | C, C++ | |Operating System | Windows XP,7 ...
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...Innovation is continual process and embedded systems represent a huge part of innovation in technology in the field of electronics. Embedded systems are found virtually everywhere. Perhaps my first linking to embedded systems was in eighth semester as a part of my curriculum, though I realised later that I was always surrounded by the embedded systems- cell phones, automated washing machines, etc. I was fascinated and amazed to see the embedded systems in all the real world applications. After working for 17 months as technical sales engineer with Arrow Electronics where I supported many embedded clients in different projects my zeal to advance in embedded systems increased. I want to pursue an MS degree in the field Electrical and Electronics Engineering with specialisation in embedded systems which will help to realise my goal to work as a design engineer and take embedded systems to a new height. This will in turn fulfil my ambition of bringing innovation in the development of ESDM (Electronic System Design and Manufacturing) in my country. Honestly, when I decided to do my Bachelors in Electronics Engineering it was mainly because of my inclination in the subject of physics and mathematics during my intermediate study. Electronics industry in my country is poised to become very vibrant and happening and my goal of contributing to the same further bolstered my decision to enrol for Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics at K.J. Somaiya College of engineering. The curriculum...
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