...Orlando A. Harper CRJ101.90: Intro. to CRJ[MOD6 ONLINE (6/22/-8/15/2015)] Famous Crime Paper (Emmett Till Murder) A Murder that Changed America American history is filled with instances of extreme racism. Many times discrimination happens for no reason other than the color of a person’s skin. One example of this blatant hate is the Emmett Till murder in Mississippi. Emmett was just a normal kid. He wasn’t a leader of the Civil Rights Movement or involved in racial issues in any way. When the trouble started, he was just acting like a normal teenager going on a dare from his friends. The way he was murdered outraged blacks and whites across America. Emmett Till was a young boy whose legacy changed the way people think about racial issues. Emmett started his life as a normal, happy kid. He was born on July 25, 1941 in Chicago, Illinois (“Till” 1). His parents were Louis and Mamie Till. Sadly, his father, Louis, died while serving in the United States military when Emmett was only three. According to Mamie Till, Emmett was an ugly and sick child. He had polio when he was young and also a speech defect that caused him to stutter (Crowe 37-39). A very hard working and kind boy, Emmett spent much of his time helping the neighbors with projects. He also had a very close bond with his mother. He worked hard to make sure she wouldn’t be too tired or stressed (Crowe 40-41). When he was twelve, he took this helpfulness to the next level. ‘”Mama if you can go to work and make the money,...
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...in certain restaurants because of the color of your skin? The Civil Rights Movement refers to the political, social and economical struggle of African Americans to gain full citizenship and racial equality. The movement held many nonviolent protest against racial segregation and discrimination in America especially in the South during the 1950s and 60s. Although African Americans began to fight for equal rights during the days of slavery, the quest for equality is still going on today. Every since the European settlement whites enslaved and oppressed people of color. When the slaves were freed by the 13th amendment that abolished...
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...Emmett Till was an African American boy who was described by his friends and family as someone who was outgoing and funny. He would tell jokes to others and brightened someone’s mood easily. Emmett Till was born in Chicago on July 25, 1941. His mother raised him because his father died before he was born. Emmett Till went to visit relatives in Money, Mississippi on August 20, 1955. He was staying with his uncle Moses Wright. After picking cotton with a group of friends, Emmett went to the grocery store to buy couple of things. Reports say he flirted with a white cashier at that grocery store on August 24. The woman’s husband and half brother kidnapped Emmett from his uncle’s house four days later. They beat him and shot him to death in the head. Emmett’s lifeless body was thrown in the river and his body was discovered three days later. Roy Bryant and J. W. Milam were accused of Emmett’s murder, but they were acquitted by a group of all white men jury. His murder sparked a massive outrage around the country. One main character that stood out the most was Emmett’s mother Mamie Till. She never stopped speaking about her son. She never realized how much the civil rights issue in the South affected her much back in Chicago. She made Emmett’s funeral an open body casket. She wanted the world to see what the men...
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...The Death of Emmett Till Beginning in the 1950’s African Americans began to form civil rights groups in order to end segregation and fight for equality. Many things contributed to this, but the death of Emmett Till is what many would consider the spark that ignited the flame for the Civil Rights Movement. The brutality of his murder changed the way that racism was viewed throughout the nation. Emmett was born July 25th, 1941 in Chicago, Illinois to mother Mamie Carthan and father Louis Till. At the age of six Emmett was stricken with polio, despite a full recovery; he was left with a stutter that would follow him throughout the rest of his life. In spite of his stutter, Emmett was known for being a prankster and the center of attention amongst his peers while attending McCosh Grammer School. Although McCosh was an all-black school, the severity of racism in Chicago was far less than that in the south; allowing Emmett to have white friends as well. (Networks) In August of 1955, Emmett’s Uncle Moses came up from Mississippi to visit. Emmett heard stories from his uncle about the south and at the end of his stay, inquisitive of the validity, Emmett pleaded with his mother to travel back with his uncle to Mississippi. (Crowe 44) Little did she know that those last few days before their trip down south would be the last time she would see Emmett alive. (Crowe 47) A few days after arriving in Mississippi, Emmett found himself outside of Bryant’s Grocery and Meat Market, owned...
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...Racism in America The question should be how did racism in America begin? I think that it is probably fair to say that racism began with the Middle passage. The Middle Passage was the slave ships that brought African Americans to America from Africa. The slaves were perceived as being less than human fit for labor, bondage and beatings. Their only function was to be brought to America to work in the cotton fields and build America up to the standards that the Caucasian Americans expected. Slaves were usually fed straps from their Masters tables, given ragedy clothes to wear, they worked from sun up until sun down, and they were not paid. They were beaten if they talked backed back to the Master or did not produce the labor that was required by the Master. The Caucasian by all accounts was thought to be superior and better than slaves were because they owned the land, crops, plantations and houses; the poor slave did not own anything. What did the slave ship look like? Slaves were placed at the bottom of the ship; then men, women and children were chained to one another. With very little movement possible, they suffered and many of them died. This was not an easy voyage. The voyages to America from Africa took months and people got very little air in the bottom of these ships. They were fed but they had to eat lying down in chains and they were fed worst than animals. They were allowed on the deck occasionally where they were washed with water that was poured on them. Many...
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...social justice in tourism planning: racial reconciliation and sustainable community development in the Deep South Alan W. Bartona* and Sarah J. Leonardb a b Downloaded By: [University at Buffalo, the State University of New York (SUNY)] At: 06:29 3 November 2010 Social Sciences, Delta State University, DSU Box 3264, Cleveland MS 38733, USA; The College Board, Chicago, USA Tourism can serve as a vehicle for sustainable community development by contributing to equity and social justice. This happens as tourists learn about marginal groups through educational tourism, engage in development projects with host-area residents, undertake pilgrimages that bring greater meaning and cohesiveness to an ethnic identity, or encounter stories that transform their view of social injustice and spur further action to reduce inequities. Tourism planning can produce a sense of reconciliation when it brings historically divided groups together. An example is found in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi, where a group of white and African American residents are collaborating to develop tourism projects designed around a narrative of reconciliation, while they use the process of tourism planning to work towards racial reconciliation within their community. This case illustrates strategies tourism planners employ and challenges they face when they envision tourism as more than merely a means of economic growth. Keywords: heritage tourism; Mississippi Delta; racial reconciliation; social justice; sustainable...
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...Jim Crow Laws- In U.S. history, statutes enacted by Southern states, beginning in the 1880’s, that legalized segregation between the blacks and whites. www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/jim-crow-laws.html W.E.B. DuBois- William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was an American civil rights activist, he was a leader, Pan-Africanist, sociologist, educator, historian, writer, editor, poet, and scholar. He became a naturalized citizen of Ghana in 1963 at the age of 95. http://www.naacp.org/pages/naacp-history-w.e.b.-dubois Booker T. Washington-Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915) was an American educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American community. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booker_T._Washington Malcom X- Malcolm X, born Malcolm Little and later also known as el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz, was an African-American Muslim minister and human rights activist.- https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=malcolm+x Civil Rights Act Of 1964- The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub.L. 88–352, 78 Stat. 241, enacted July 2, 1964) is a landmark piece of civil rights legislation in the United States that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964 Brown Vs Board Of Education- Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case...
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...The Pursuit of Happiness America, home of the free and the courageous few. Americans strive for a better life throughout the years. We’re constantly evolving the image of the American dream. Not only do we alter in terms of the country itself ;we the people have changed throughout the years. However, one thing that seems to stay the same is racism and prejudice. With Americans they always try chase the future forgetting that history does repeat itself. The quote,” It was the worst of times, it was the best time,” from the novel A Tale of Two Cities describes America history superbly. We might have met the impossible in terms of technological but we have not fully changed how we the American people see each other as different in each other's...
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...The African American Civil Rights Movement was a monumental human rights campaign that sought to secure black Americans’ rights as citizens and end racial segregation and discrimination. There is debate among scholars over the time frame of the movement; the popular belief is the “Montgomery to Memphis” period of Martin Luther King Jr., but some historians have traced the movement past the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Supreme Court case, and into the Great Depression Era (Fairclough 387). The movement was generally successful in achieving its goals of legal recognition, as evident in the passage of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, but racism and inequality remains persistent in today’s society....
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...civil rights movement. She did in fact propel the Civil Rights Movement to unprecedented heights but, its origin began in 1954 with Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka. Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka was the cornerstone for change in American History as a whole. Even before our nation birthed the controversial ruling on May 17, 1954 that stated separate educational facilities were inherently unequal, there was Plessy vs. Ferguson in 1896 that argued by declaring that state laws establish separate public schools for black and white students denied black children equal educational opportunities. Some may argue that Plessy vs. Ferguson is in fact backdrop for the Civil Rights Movement, but I disagree. Plessy vs. Ferguson was ahead of it’s time so to speak. “Separate but equal” thinking remained the body of teachings in America until it was later reputed by Brown vs. Board of Education. In 1955 when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat, and prompted The Montgomery Bus Boycott led by one of the most pivotal leaders of the American Civil Rights Movement, Martin Luther King Jr. After the gruesome death of Emmett Till in 1955 in which the main suspects were acquitted of beating, shooting, and throwing the fourteen year old African American boy in the Tallahatchie River, for “whistling at a white woman”, this country was well overdo for change. Before any steps could be taken for the equality of human kind, we had the tackle the idea of intergrationism. This time is often referred...
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...When we look back on the history of America many events occurred that are either frowned upon, or seen as the glory days. The events that are the glory days are the highest points in American life such as Independence from England helped make America what it is today. Those events that we look back on, that are not the best periods of time, such as slavery and African Americans fighting for Rights in the 1960's, also helped to make the United States what it is today. When in the 1960's, leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, stood forward to talk about the rights that were taken away from African Americans, they were looked down on. Today however, they are heroes to us. The steps and actions made by them to free the African American people from segregation, and for them to have a chance at having equal rights and liberties as stated by the constitution. After the end of slavery and the writing of the Emancipation Proclamation the first steps were made towards civil rights. The 1940's to the 1960's were a section in time where racial injustice was done to the African American people. As we came to the 1960's a change came to the United States in the goals, strategies, and the support towards the movement for African Americans civil rights. The start of the 1960's brought on changes in the goals that were set by African Americans towards their civil rights. It started with the search for Desegregation of public facilities. The desegregation of schools, buses, and...
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...Emmitt Till, age 14, brutally beaten and murdered. Martin Luther King Jr, age 39, assassinated. Rodney King, age 47, drowned and drug overdose. Malcolm X, age 40, assassinated. Trayvon Martin, age 17, shot once and killed. Freddie Gray Jr., age 25, spinal cord injury when in police custody. Oscar Grant, age 19, shot in the back and killed. Black lives matter doesn’t mean all other lives don’t matter, it just means African Americans have been degraded for many years and Black Lives Matter is a way to recognize these hardships they face. Today, “we are still grappling with the consequences of settler colonialism, racial capitalism and patriarchy” (Shor). The Black Lives Matter Movement is more than just police brutality. Alicia Garza, one of...
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...whole, has enacted to guide our conduct with each other. Businesses also have rules of conduct for every decision, from organizational structure to employee pay. Businesses often rely on legal experts in various fields of law to advise them on decisions in order to maintain compliance within the law. Laws of employment have had the greatest impact on the relationship between a business and its employees. Today, the EEOC enforces laws prohibiting discrimination in employment. The Impact of Law on Business Decisions The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces the illegality of discrimination in employment due to race, color, religion, national origin or sex and retaliation against a person who claims discrimination. It encompasses pregnancy, conditions caused by pregnancy or childbirth, disability and genetic tests of individuals or their family. Affirmative Action was later added, which required businesses to prove employment of women and minorities. A Timeline of Civil Rights One only needs a brief history review to understand why some laws exist today. After the Civil War, state and local laws forced a separation of the races. This was upheld in the Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson. In 1896, the Supreme Court determined that ‘separate but equal’ was indeed, constitutional and upheld laws requiring segregation of races in restaurants, public restrooms, train cars, and drinking fountains, schools, separate entrances into buildings, and much...
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...The Civil Rights Movement was a long movement that attempted to address numerous obstacles. This movement could be described as something that was building for years. In the film, Daisy Bates: First Lady of Little Rock, we get a closer look at the process of desegregating the education system in the United States. The film encompases the struggle many students of color had to endure in order to obtain a basic public education. In Little Rock the journey to enforce integration of the schooling system was prioritized by Daisy Bates. This paper will explore the setbacks and triumphs that Daisy Bates and the “Little Rock 9” faced, and how the film achieved the importance of this moment in history to the viewers. The United States in the early...
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...The United States is a nation that has an extensive history and many different eras that have resulted in large changes in the political, economic, and social world. One such era is the Progressive Era, which consisted of large political reform and activism through social communities that would, in short, fight against corruption, inefficiency, and monopolies. During this time, many social figures would become well known for their advocacy and effort in trying to make the nation better as a whole. One such figure is Ida B. Wells, an African American woman who was born in 1862 as a slave during the Civil War. Ida B. Wells was a muckraker, or reform-focused investigative journalist, who wrote continuously about the horrors of racism in the Jim...
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