...GREGORY HESS BY HARMONY J. PALMER FOR SENIOR THESIS FALL 2012 DECEMBER 3, 2012 Acknowledgements I have many people to thank for their help with this study. First and foremost, I want to thank my thesis reader, Professor Magilke, for all his help. This study would have be quite difference without his constant guidance and our numerous meetings and e-mail exchanges. Second, I would like to thank Mary Martin, the Reference & Instruction Librarian for Business and Law, at the Claremont Colleges Library. Obtaining the CSR data would not have been possible without her help and the library’s funding. Third, I want to thank the Kravis Leadership Institute for awarding me the Kravis Leadership Institute Leadership Thesis Fellowship to help fund my thesis research. Fourth, I thank Professor Massoud, Professor Orr, and Professor Wallace for providing me with valuable research resources. Fifth, I want to thank Greyson Blue for tutoring me in STATA. Lastly, I want to thank all my friends for their support and company in Poppa Computer Lab, the...
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...Application Case Study: Global Stumble It’s not always easy to do business globally, as executives at Japanese brokerage firm Nomura Holdings Inc. are discovering. Nomura acquired Lehman’s international operations in late 2008 after Lehman’s parent company sought Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, an action that added about 8,000 non-Japanese workers. For Nomura, the time seemed right to strengthen its global expansion strategy. However, since the acquisition, cultural and business differences between the two organizations have been a major stumbling block. Although blending two diverse cultures requires intentional efforts when different organizations merge or are acquired, it’s particularly challenging when the key assets in the cross-border acquisition are the people employed by the organization being acquired. Workplace tensions arose over executive compensation, how quickly decisions were made, and how women were treated. For instance, during Nomura’s initial training session for new hires, the men and women were separated. The women—many of whom had earned prestigious degrees from the likes of Harvard—were taught how to wear their hair, serve tea, and choose their clothing according to the season. The company’s dress code was strictly interpreted for women, also. Women from Lehman were told to remove highlights from their hair, to wear sleeves no shorter than mid-bicep, and to avoid brightly colored clothing. Several women were sent home from the trading floor for dressing...
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...different people use forest products every day even without thinking they are. The average American uses nearly six trees worth of paper each year. Thankfully, there are organizations that help protect our forest for the future generations. One of the most recognized not for -profit organization is Forest Stewardship Council. II. Introduction to the Triple Bottom Line The Forest Stewardship Council, also known by its acronym FSC, is an international not for-profit, multi-stakeholder organization established in 1993 that promote responsible management of the world’s forests. Its main purpose is to set standards, certification and labeling for responsible forest management. FSC counts with a voluntary program, to protect forests for future generations. The Forest Stewardship Council’s mission is to promote environmentally sound, socially beneficial and economically prosperous management of the world's forests and their vision states, that we can meet our current needs for forest products without compromising the health of the world’s forests for future generations (Forest Stewardship Council). As you already may know, corporate social responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of...
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...COLOGNE BUSINESS SCHOOL (CBS) How do international organizations support Emerging Markets and Future Emerging Markets - NGOs Term paper for “International Trade and Emerging Markets” Winter Semester 2015/2016 Lecturer: Prof. Herrmann Leon Hankamp MA 14 IB / International Trade and Emerging Markets Student-No. 114550000 Table of contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Non-governmental organizations 3 2.1. What is a NGO? 3 2.2. Different types of NGO’s 4 2.3. Strengths and Weaknesses 5 2.4. Renowned NGO’s in emerging markets 5 3. NGO’s in emerging markets 7 3.1. The role of NGO’s in emerging markets 7 3.1.1. Poverty 7 3.1.2. Human rights 9 3.1.3. Corruption 10 3.1.4. Environment 12 4. NGO’s collaborations with other entities 12 4.1. Companies 12 4.2. World Bank 14 5. Conclusion 15 Bibliography 17 1. Introduction The purpose of this term paper is to analyze and demonstrate the role of NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) in the emerging markets and future emerging markets. First at all, what is a NGO? The first part of the paper focuses on the theoretical framework of the NGOs, although there is no real definition of what a NGO is. There are different definitions from different companies or entities; however all NGOs have the same goal, to help the poor, stand for human dignity and protect the environment. In the main part I am going to handle the subject which is the actual role of NGOs in emerging...
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...are generated in different ways, there are many similarities between for-profit and not-for-profit organizations. Each of these types of organizations are faced with challenges that can become catastrophic in nature if they are not handled properly. This paper will identify the make up of a for-profit and not-for-profit organization and compare how public relations can help contain problems as well as future disasters. McDonald’s, the long-time leader in the fast-food, faced a crossroads in the early 1990s. Domestically, sales and revenues were flattening as competitors encroached on its domain. In addition to its traditional rivals—Burger King, Wendy’s, and Taco Bell—the firm encountered new challenges. Sonic and Rally’s competed using a back-to-basics approach of quickly serving up burgers, just burgers, for time-pressed consumers. On the higher end, Olive Garden and Chili’s had become potent competitors in the quick service field, taking dollars away from McDonald’s, which was firmly entrenched in the fast-food arena and hadn’t done anything with its dinner menus to accommodate families looking for a more upscale dining experience. While these competitive wars were being fought, McDonald’s was gathering flak from environmentalists who decried all the litter and solid waste its restaurants generated each day. To counter some of the criticism, McDonald’s partnered with the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) to explore new ways to make its operations more friendly to the environment...
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...(NYSE: ITT) is a global manufacturer and top 10 U.S. defense contractor specializing in electronics and fluids with annual revenues of about $11 billion. As the largest supplier of pumps and systems in the transport and treatment of water, ITT offers its services to local governments in the U.S. and to the governments of developing nations. ITT also manufactures electronics such as night vision goggles and communication systems for the U.S. military. The future of ITT's fluids business depends on the global demand for clean water, especially in developing countries such as China and India. The growth in agriculture, increasingly wealthy populations, and widespread pollution in these developing countries have contributed to the rising demand for clean water. ITT is just one of many competitors working to bring clean water to developing nations. (WIKI Invest, 2011) provides that during the financial period about 58% of ITT's revenue is generated by its defense and information solutions business segment. As a result, a significant proportion of ITT's revenues come directly from U.S. government contracts. Since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, U.S. defense spending has risen over 35%, reaching $896.2 billion in 2010. ITT consists of three business segments: Defense Electronics & Services, Fluid Technology, and Motion & Fluid Control. (WIKI Invest, 2011) Generating $6.3 billion in 2009, Defense Electronics & Services specializes in sensing and surveillance...
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...Deforestation Deforest is defined as the cutting down and removal of all or most of the trees in a forested area. (Dictionary.com) The action of deforestation damages the quality of the land. The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. (Wikipedia) Deforestation affects the environment greatly and is one of the primary contributors to climate change. When deforestation occurs, carbon dioxide is released and remains in the atmosphere. As the carbon dioxide accumulates it catches radiation, which leads to heat. Oxygen doesn’t hold radiation like greenhouse gasses do. The heat that is produced is considered global warming. Trees store carbon and when it is cut down that carbon is released into the air. According to the World Carfree Network (WCN), cars and trucks account for about 14 percent of global carbon emissions, while most analysts attribute upwards of 15 percent to deforestation. (Scientificamerican.com) Another aspect of the environment that deforestation affects is the water cycle. Trees help perpetuate the water cycle by returning water vapor back into the atmosphere. Without trees to fill these roles, many former forest lands can quickly become barren deserts. (Society) Water vapor is a greenhouse gas. The flow of water vapor and carbon dioxide is disrupted directly by cutting down trees. The water that the trees draw from the ground is eventually emitted into the air. When the land is empty...
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...feasible, reliable, and cheap supply of electricity. Environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) oppose the project because of the destruction of wild animal and plant life and the adverse downstream impact, and allege that there are more viable and cost-effective sources. Through a strategic analysis of the issues surrounding the case, we will analyze each alternative to present the best possible recommendation to Fortis Inc. Issues The most prominent issue faced by Fortis Inc. with respect to the Chalillo project is the potential environmental effects. A number of groups are opposed to the project due to the location, on a river where a rare ecosystem exists. The project would build a dam on the river, regulating the flow of the river, preventing flooding and providing a more consistent source of water. While this certainly is a benefit to the individuals residing downstream of the proposed site, it does cause a disruption in the natural environmental cycle. The area that would be impacted was host to a rare and discrete floral floodplain habitat. The system relied on the seasonal flooding and heavy rain in order to be sustained. The habitat is biologically rich and diverse, and is home to many different species of animals. This environmental issue was worsened by the threat of negative publicity, which it had already fell a victim to. Many organizations, including Probe International (PI) and Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), among others, have aggressively...
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...EDUCATION Case A: McDonald’s Environmental Strategy Susan Svoboda, manager of the University of Michigan Corporate Environmental Management Program (CEMP), prepared this case under the guidance of Stuart Hart, director of CEMP and assistant professor of Corporate Strategy and Organizational Behavior at the U-M School of Business Administration, as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an adminstrative situation. This document may be used by either students or faculty for background information. Introduction Rooted in Ray Kroc’s founding principles of Quality, Service, Cleanliness & Value (Q.S.C.&V.), McDonald’s management has always believed in being a leader in issues that affect their customers. This philosophy is evident in McDonald’s involvement in various community projects regarding education, health care, medical research, and rehabilitation facilities. These activities help the corporation to extend their image beyond fun and entertainment into social responsibility. However, in the late 1980s, McDonald’s began to face criticism for its environmental policies, especially those surrounding polystyrene clamshell containers. In 1987, McDonald’s replaced CFCs, the blowing agent used in clamshell production, with weaker HCFC-22’s after facing public criticism that CFC usage was contributing to ozone depletion. But this change was not enough for many grass-roots environmental groups that, led by the Citizens...
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...Business Administration, University of South Florida and Robert Salomon is a professor at the Stern School Business, New York University. There has been much debate on whether or not there is a link between financial and social performance when it comes to investing. Most research is done by comparing socially responsible investing (SRI) funds to those of funds that do not screen their holdings based on social and or environmental criteria. Barnett and Salomon’s research also tackles this question however, instead of doing the same types of comparison, they chose to compare and measure mutual funds that all practice socially responsible investing (SRI), in order to discern which funds perform better and what makes them different from the other SRI funds. Barnett and Salomon developed four (4) hypotheses to test during their research: 1. The relationship between the intensity of social screening and financial performance for SRI funds is curvilinear (U-shaped). 2. SRI funds that select firms for their portfolios based on labor relations screening criteria will earn higher financial returns than those that do not. 3. SRI funds that select firms for their portfolios based on community relations screening criteria will earn higher...
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...1. BSCIC About BSCIC Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) is a prime government organization entrusted for rapid industrialization of small and cottage Industries in the country. Under the direct or indirect initiative of BSCIC a plenty of entrepreneurs has been created and enterprises has been set up in the country. But the influence of globalization and the free economy impacts upon the traditional manufacturing enterprises. This situation for marketing of small and cottage industries products is a major constraints facing by the sector. BSCIC is to provide facilities to the existing and new entrepreneurs to expand and develop their markets and to stay and sustain in the competitive environment. Introduction Bangladesh Small & Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) was established in 1957 by an Act of Parliament. The establishment of BSCIC was in recognition of the need for a specialised agency to promote the development of Small, Medium & Cottage Industries (SMCIs) in the manufacturing sector through the provision of advisory services, fiscal and financial assistance, infrastructural facilities, market access and other support programme. BSCIC strives to create resilient and efficient SMCIs, able to compete in a liberalised market environment. SMCIs have to be efficient and knowledge-driven, including using ICT to be globally ‘connected’ and accessible. The Corporation will promote SMCIs to be an integral part of the country’s industrial development...
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...Analysis of Personal and Organizational Ethics and Values between For-Profit and Not-for-Profit Organizations Monte Mutu PHI 445 – Personal & Organizational Ethics J. R. Ewing July 21, 2003 Our personal needs are meet by our human desires to generate a profit or seek assistance in managing profit. Even though both the Not-for-Profit and For-Profit organizations benefit our social economy by providing financial assistance to various social classes, both types of profit organizations must continue to uphold and maintain their values and standards at the highest level possible. Both profit organizations also have a responsibility to its customer base to live up to their actions simply by recognizing their purpose, owning up to their faults and conducting business in a professional and ethical manner. Lets take a look at the two types of profit organizations, the Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society and the Pepsi-Cola Company Inc. The Navy and Marine Corps Relief society is a non-profit organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. The Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society has approximately eighty-five branch offices located throughout the United States and eleven countries worldwide with a staff of 169 personnel, over 3,700 volunteers and over 50 nurses combined working diligently to provide assistance at moments notice. The Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society provides financial assistance and education to service members of the United States Navy, the Marine...
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...[pic] McDonald's and the Environmental Defense Fund: a case study of a green alliance Sharon Livesey Originally published in…The Journal of Business Communication • January 1999 In 1987, the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development, which had convened to address the global ecological crisis, produced Our Common Future (the Brundtland Report). This watershed event established the conceptual underpinnings for environmental politics and debate in the 1990s by reframing the problem of the natural environment as one of sustainable development. In the wake of this reframing, a new practice in environmental management emerged - that of green alliances or partnerships between business and ecology groups (Westley & Vredenburg, 1991, pp. 71-72). These alliances, considered one of the ten most significant trends in environmental management and the greening of industry (Gladwin, 1993, p. 46), appeared to signal a sea change in the way business, as well as environmentalists, could respond to the ecological impacts of firms' economic activities. Indeed, environmental partnerships offered both business and ecology groups the potential for a new rhetorical stance. Business communication scholarship has identified a variety of rhetorical strategies adopted by corporations in the face of environmental controversy: defensiveness and apologia (e.g., Ice, 1991; Tyler, 1992), competing information campaigns (e.g., Lange, 1993; Moore, 1993), or retreat (e.g., Seiter...
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...Foundation as it has helped countless youth and adults gain confidences in their reading abilities. The foundations has awarded over $97 million to nonprofit organizations and schools. In addition, the Dollar General Literacy Fund supported the Children’s Defense Fund Freedom Schools program, for the past five years, by aiding in summer learning loss for numerous children across the country. This after-school and summer enrichment program serves children and families through essential components such as, high quality academic enrichment; parent and family involvement; civic engagement and social action; intergenerational leadership development; and nutrition, health, and mental health support (Dollar General Literacy Program, 2013). Dollar General’s foundation continues to award these deserving organizations, working hard to help beat illiteracy. This 20 year tradition has taken great measures in fight illiteracy in some areas, but their efforts have gone unnoticed in other areas states a South Carolina native. It was stated that the Dollar General Literacy Fund had not supported any literacy programs within 25 miles of their community and suggested that more support should be shown in the communities that support the literacy program. Dollar General not only listens to the community by giving back through is literacy fund, but also by providing the lowest prices possible and extending these prices, as well as easy policy, to its customers. The everyday low prices help customers...
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...FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010". Section 2. Declaration of Policy. - It shall be the policy of the State to: (a) Uphold the people's constitutional rights to life and property by addressing the root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country's institutional capacity for disaster risk reduction and management and building the resilience of local communities to disasters including climate change impacts; (b) Adhere to and adopt the universal norms, principles and standards of humanitarian assistance and the global effort on risk reduction as concrete expression of the country's commitment to overcome human sufferings due to recurring disasters; (c) Incorporate internationally accepted principles of disaster risk management in the creation and implementation of national, regional and local sustainable development and poverty reduction strategies, policies, plans and budgets; (d) Adopt a disaster risk reduction and management approach that is holistic, comprehensive, integrated, and proactive in lessening the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of disasters including climate change, and promote the involvement and participation of all...
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