...Equality of Opportunity. Reading the articles I have come to the conclusion that opportunity and social class play the crucial role in our society. We always discussed the questions which were related with inequality and huge gap between black and white, low and high social classes. Based on the article of Richard Rothstein poor children rarely succeed in a life. School performance depends on many factors such as health, housing, background, social class and race. Society along with schools prepares the rich students to take the higher income jobs, while the poor students are prepared for the low-wage work. The both articles of Rothstein and Persell reminded me the story about Dasani, who came from minority family. I remember how the community outside of school affected her life. She was willing to work hard to make her dream come true. In spite of the fact she was leaving in poverty she still had dreams and aspirations. The life outside the school has huge impact on children. Children from poor community will less likely to attend the after school art programs, because of the high cost. The Rothstein even compares the differences in approaching to the homework assignments in different social class families. While the working class parents give to the children simple instructions, the middle class parents explain the reasons. I was doing my observation in three different schools and I noticed a big difference in performance between the children from the low and high social economic...
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...INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GLOBALISATION AND CHALLENGES FOR EDUCATION: FOCUS ON EQUITY AND EQUALITY CHALLENGES OF CREATING OPPORTUNITIES IN FAVOR OF THE MARGINALISED GIRL CHILD : A STEP TOWARDS EQUITY AND EQUALITY IN EDUCATION DR. NIRUPAMA BARPANDA, SENIOR LECTURER IN EDUCATION, DR. PARSURAM MISHRA INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDY IN EDUCATION SAMBALPUR-768001 Ph : 91 663 2410067 Email : FULL PAPER Challenges of Creating Opportunities In favor of the Marginalised Girl Child : A Step towards Equity and Equality in Education DR. MISS NIRUPAMA BARPANDA ABSTRACT: Women all over the world suffer discrimination. In India, they are deprived of basic human rights including access to education. Their status is much miserable because of the nation’s inherent poverty coupled with inequality. UNDP’s Human Development Report Points out to the trends. In the age of globalisation it is likely that poverty and inequality shall grow further and women may suffer more stringently as it has happened in Phillipines. So it is high time to plan for strategic intervention to ensure opportunities in favour of the most marginalized, especially the girl child, so that she gets appropriate knowledge and skill to live in this world of competition governed by market and earns a dignified livelihood and leads a qualitative life. Contrary to the popular belief that social prejudices stand in the way of girl child’s access and...
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...* Ways To Overcome The High House-Loans Rejection Rate We all know it's tougher to get a home loan these days compared with just a few years ago. Banks tightened their credit standards dramatically during the credit crunch, and lenders now accept only 55% of all mortgage applications. according to the latest annual statistics from the Mortgage Bankers Association: Overall lending by U.S. banks plunged by 7.4% in 2009, the sharpest decline since 1942, based on FDIC data. And so far in 2010, banks have yet to ease lending standards. Here are ten reasons people get turned down for a housing loan and some advice on how to overcome these obstacles. 1. BAD OR LOW CREDIT SCORE * You cannot build a house if the foundations are flimsy, When it comes to loan approvals, banks use a similar analogy. If you have a low credit score, you will be denied a home loan rejection even if you fulfill all other conditions. Credit score is considered to be the most important factor by the banks while disbursing a loan." * Credit score reflects a consumer's behavior towards the financial transactions. In some ways, it is a mirror to his financial habits and underwriters base their decision and develop risk-based pricing based on the credit score," says Anil Sachidanand, MD & CEO, Aspire Home Finance Corporation. So, if a person has defaulted or delayed the payment on any kind of loan or credit cards, it will have a negative impact on the credit score. Other factors like being guarantor...
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...To what extend do liberals support the principle of equality. Discuss. First and foremost, the liberal principle of equality is that human beings are of an ‘identical worth’. Every individual is entitled to be treated in the same way. The Classical Liberals of the 19th century proposed a society in which individuals were largely free from restraint. Therefore, in a free society people are ‘free to be unequal’ and the consequence of such society would be that some would succeed while some fail. The game of life must thus be played on an even playing field. Liberals theory of justice is based on a belief in equality. Individualism, which is the central value for all liberals, implied a commitment to Foundation Equality. This is where each human being are seen to be ‘born’ equal in the sense that each individual is of equal moral worth, an idea embodied in the notion of natural rights or human rights. Foundation equality implies a belief in Formal Equality, an idea that individuals should enjoy the same FORMAL STATUS in society. The significance of the principle of equality in liberal values is highlighted in their disapproval of any social privileges or advantages that are enjoyed by some but denied to on others on the basis of factors such as gender, race, colour, screed, religion or social background. In this sense, liberalism is difference blind which is a concept based on the belief that everyone is treated the same regardless of any feature specific to him or her...
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...DBQ: “ Jacksonians Democrats viewed themselves as the guardians of the United States Constitution, political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of economic opportunity. In light of the following documents and your knowledge of the 1820’s and 1830’s, to what extent do you agree with the Jacksonians’ view of themselves? According to the Jacksonians, they were guardians of the United States Constitution, political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of economic opportunity; this I agree with, for the most part. There are things in which evidence does not support the Jacksonians’ protection of the U.S Constitution and individual liberty. However, there are multiple examples of the Jacksonians guarding political democracy and equality of economic opportunity. Many documents from the time period of the 1820’s to the 1830’s provide obvious proof of the Jacksonians’ preservation of political democracy and equality of economic opportunity. The Jacksonians plainly guarded the political democracy through the people’s part as a whole in government, (doc E) especially in elections. Some refer to “democracy” as “mob rule” and with good reason as (doc E) Philip Hone’s Diary of Philip Hone described many riots during the election times. These riots seem negative as persecution of blacks also took place during the election and law riots, but nevertheless theses riots are evidence of political democracy. The Jacksonians’ claims to conserving political democracy are also proven...
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...INTRODUCTION In a civilized social system, law plays not only the role of guarantor of justice equality and liberty, but also as a tool for attaining the ends of justice. In this respect the modern democratic state has to adopt objective standards to protect the human rights of its citizens. Equality is one among those cardinal human rights by which the State is mandated to treat the equals equally and unequal unequally when it distributes its own benefits to the people. But who are equals and who are unequal is a thorny issue, for the limited resources are much valuable and required by the various group of people and they have to be distributed justly and fairly. In the Indian constitutional scheme, it had been envisaged by the framers that there should be equality of opportunity is for all citizens in public employments and such equality of opportunity a fundamental right of the citizens’.At the same time, the need for some beneficial treatment to the weaker sections of the society was also enshrined with that right. What is the basis of distribution of societal resources to certain sections? The thrust of this Chapter goes with the following enquiry. Is there any jurisprudential foundation for protective discrimination? If so what is it? This aspect is assessed from the angle of different theories of justice viz., social justice, distributive justice, equality and equal opportunity and social engineering theory. The responses of Indian courts in this regard are also examined...
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...Introduction Equality and diversity in the workplace has become a central topic in the debate within the human resource management literature. Traditionally, society has been divided into different social classes, which arise from different aspects such as access to material resources, access to education and employment opportunity. These divisions in class differences have reflected and have fundamental influence over employment relationships (Williams and Adam-Smith, 2009). However, inequality nowadays is more complex. It has gone beyond the issue of class differences, thus the lack of equality and non-discrimination framework impedes the progress of equality and diversity in contemporary organisations (Fawcett Report, 2013). The presented paper builds on the existing literature on the topic of equality and diversity in the workplace, and aims to examine the role of trade unions, governments and human resource managers in promoting equality and diversity within organisations. Particular difficulties of advancing equality in practice are investigated and solutions to overcome these issues are discussed. Overall, the paper is structured into three main sections. To begin, a short outline of different approaches used in addressing equality and diversity will be considered. The first main section highlights the role of the stakeholders in promoting equality and diversity in the workplace. The second section evaluates numerous challenges preventing the promotion of equality in practice...
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...Equality Essay Prof. Greg J. Jungman POLS 1113--American Government Equality Equality is defined as” the state or quality of being equal; correspondence in quantity, degree, value, rank, or ability”. (www.dictionary.com[->0]) The fight for equality in our nation as been a long battle that is still going on. We all have civil rights now, which means that in the 5th and 14th amendment everyone is protected and guarantee rights and privileges and protected from discrimination that could be passed to them due to their race, ethnicity, sex or religion. Equality of opportunity, this subject can be sticky because a lot of people will somehow find a way to say that they are not being treated equal in certain situations such as jobs. The subject of equality of opportunity has been brought out to give fairness in certain situations such as jobs, and school. Those with different political views also look at this differently, liberals disagree on what needs to happen to maintain and ensure equal opportunity. Whereas the conservatives feel that inequality and hierarchy that goes with it should remain the same due to respect for the tradition of the Constitution. For the most part when I look around I feel I see an abundance of equal opportunity in our nation. Considering we are a very diverse country with many different ethnic backgrounds. I honestly believe that where we are at as a nation it would be difficult to not be an equal opportunity country. If that were the case there...
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... Health care is highly significant to human survival. Without health care one cannot take advantage of opportunities and the pursuit of life goals. Although health care is essential, many people agree that it is unjustly distributed. For this paper I will exposit the writings of Ronald Dworkin and Norman Daniels’. Ronald Dworkin looks into how a nation should spend collectively on the treatment and tests each citizen might want and need. I will explicate on his idea that treating people as equals is best achieved by giving people equality of resources. Then, I will highlight Daniels argument that people have rights and entitlements to health care. He argues this by using the fair equality of opportunity principle. Both authors acknowledge that health care is necessary for the normal species to function, therefore no health need can be given priority over another. This paper will exemplify that health care is extremely vital to the condition of life as Dworkin and Daniels’ approaches to equality are phenomenal but not convincible. In “Justice and the High Cost of Health”, Ronald Dworkin argues that a morally just plan of health care in society would be whatever health care individuals decided to purchase on their own. This idea holds the belief that no health need can be given priority over another health need. The first condition to his argument is providing fair equality in the distribution of resources. The second is that individuals should be informed about the value and...
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...“Possession, Desert and Distributive Justice” is a chapter written by Michael J. Sandel that analyzes Rawls' theory of justice that attempts to compensate for inequality and unfairness. This theory advocates a system named as distributive justice and in this critical response, I will briefly summarize key elements of this justice system and delve into liberal equality, demonstrating how our current society has laws in place to advocate this form of equality. Rawls describes distributive justice as a duty that society owes to its citizens. We must acknowledge the social and cultural disadvantages that an individual has (race, gender, religion, etc) and assist these people in need. As a result of these disadvantages, there are unequal opportunities...
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...Equality of opportunity in the early years involves enabling all children to access education regardless of their cultural, religious and socioeconomic background. In the United Kingdom, equal opportunities are advanced by legislation such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), the Equality Act 2010 and the Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS). This essay will explore the commitment the United Kingdom has made to the UNCRC and the ways in which equal opportunities can be implemented in an early years setting in England. Equal opportunities can be broadly defined as how fairly individuals gain access to goods, services, jobs and opportunities (Haringey Council, 2005). In the United Kingdom, the Equality Act 2010 prohibits people being discriminated against on the basis of several protected characteristics. These protected characteristics include a person’s age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion, sex and sexual orientation (HM Government, 2014a). The Equality Act 2010 strives to reduce discrimination and disadvantage so that all people reach their full potential (HM Government, 2014a). In the United Kingdom, early years providers are bound by the Equality Act 2010 and the EYFS to uphold equal opportunities for children and employees (DoE, 2014a). The EYFS stipulates that schools implement an equal opportunities policy so that every child is included and supported (DoE,...
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... ancient philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean Jacques Rousseau proposed the idea of equality to the rest of the world. Their ideas were passed down from generation to generation, and eventually ingrained into modern constitutions and declarations of human rights. By 1789 and the French Revolution, equality had become a natural right to the people. Yet, many people still couldn’t figure out a direct definition for equality. To this day, the definition of equality is still debated over and over again. According to democracy, there are five different subsets of equality, each representing a particular aspect of status, rights, and opportunity....
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...Gender equality is a human right,1 but our world faces a persistent gap in access to opportunities and decision-making power for women and men.2 Globally, women have fewer opportunities for economic participation than men, less access to basic and higher education, greater health and safety risks, and less political representation.2 Guaranteeing the rights of women and giving them opportunities to reach their full potential is critical not only for attaining gender equality, but also for meeting a wide range of international development goals. Empowered women and girls contribute to the health and productivity of their families, communities, and countries, creating a ripple effect that benefits everyone. The word gender describes the socially-constructed roles and responsibilities that societies consider appropriate for men and women. Gender equality means that men and women have equal power and equal opportunities for financial independence, education, and personal development 3 . Women's empowerment is a critical aspect of achieving gender equality. It includes increasing a woman's sense of self-worth, her decision-making power, her access to opportunities and resources, her power and control over her own life inside and outside the home, and her ability to effect change.4 Yet gender issues are not focused on women alone, but on the relationship between men and women in society.5 The actions and attitudes of men and boys play an essential role in achieving gender equality.6it...
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...Is the idea of Equality "empty" According to the Oxford Dictionary equality is defined "as the state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities" (Hawker, 2008). It has been said the term equality has settled that parts of people's conditions ( if any) should be the same for all and fixing a measure of people's condition in this respect still does not give an ideal of equality of condition fully determinate. The matter of having equality flourishes because of the rights that every single human being obtains. The same question arises if a person dismisses or downgrades the equality of condition views and takes some rational equality ideal to capture the core morally required egalitarian aspiration. Between whom should equality, of whatever kind of it is deemed morally required, obtained? ( Greenawalt, 1983). It is wrong to claim equality in a state that no such word actually exists in. Research has shown that from the early years until now, it is inaccurate that one lives in an equal society. This is all because of the law which has deliberately divided people shows the inequality. At the bottom of the hierarchy system, there are those who are still discriminated against their sexual orientation, gender, and racial discrimination is still rising. Above all the discrimination, women are still fighting for equality. Finally, racial discrimination seems to have taken the trophy as people are segregated against, thus being the reason for segregation in...
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...can be difficult to narrow down which have the greatest impact, but by examining the history of different programs meant to reduce or perpetuate inequalities, it is clear that the issue of inequalities is one of policy rather than a natural state. According to de Barros, “The inequality caused by unequal opportunities is viewed by most people as fundamentally unfair” (de Barros, 27). This suggests the difference between inequality of opportunity and inequality of outcome. If there seems to be a positive correlation between these two forms of inequality, then we can claim there is something unfair about the system inherently. Furthermore, “some inequality may be tolerated, like inequality caused by differences in effort and talent, particularly when attempts to reduce it could interfere with other ethical objectives, such as privacy and individual freedom. Equality of opportunity is desirable, equality of outcomes (earnings, income, wealth) not necessarily” (de Barros, 27). For example, if a child who, because of chance and circumstance, grows up in a poor family and lacks access to a decent education as a result and is subsequently restricted from certain jobs or opportunities because of his or her education level, this becomes a failure of the system to function in the way it was intended. Public education is perhaps the most important service to reduce inequality. Germany was a world leader in public education and its schools were some of the best in the world up until the...
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