...crime in the United States and all over the world is cybercrime. What is exactly cybercrime? According to the book Scene of the Cybercrime author Michael Cross defines it as a broad and generic term that refers to crimes committed using computers and the Internet, and can generally be defined as a subcategory of computer crime. It can be also said that cybercrime can lead to criminal offenses committed using the internet or another computer network as a tool of the crime (Cross, 2008). According to the Computer Security Institute's Computer Crime and Security Survey for 2007, 494 computer security professionals in the United States corporations, government agencies, universities, and financial medical institutions reported that computer fraud was the greatest source of financial losses, with losses resulting from virus attacks falling into second place for the first time in seven years. In addition to this, 29 percent of the organizations suffered a computer intrusion that they reported to law enforcement (www.gocsi.com). According to the Cyber snitch Voluntary Online Crime Reporting System, the most reported Internet related crime is child pornography, with other crimes ranging from desktop forgery to such potentially violent crimes as electronic stalking and terrorist threats. (Cybersnitch Web Site). (Mitnick & Simon, 2002). According to the website www.internetworldstats.com estimates that...
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...million Americans suffered the consequences of this crime in 2004, and the commission received more than 5,000 telephone calls per week related to identity theft in 2005. According to the FTC(2006) most victims of identity theft are quite unaware of how their personal information was obtained. Identity theft happens when someone steals your personal information and uses it without your permission. It’s a serious crime that can wreak havoc with your finances, credit history, and reputation and can take time, money, and patience to resolve. (Identity Theft/ Consumer Information). The sharing of information on transaction identities is necessary for operation of these payment systems. However, this information sharing can facilitate fraud in the form of identity theft. Information sharing can also create conflicts of interest that may not be easily resolved through the operation of the marketplace. Thoughtful public policy should be aimed at resolving these conflicts. The ultimate goal of regulation should not be absolute privacy of consumers or complete suppression of identity theft, but instead the promotion of efficient confidentiality of personal information . Too much white space. What is Identity Theft? Identity theft is a crime when someone without permission uses of another person’s identifying information, such as credit card, social security, or driver’s license numbers, to commit financial or other crimes. Identity theft is generally a means for...
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...Internet Fraud: An Overview of Classifications, Government Actions, and Consumer Protection December 14, 2006 Internet Fraud: An Overview of Classifications, Governmental Actions, and Consumer Protection Internet fraud is an increasing threat to our technological society, which thrives on the advances and benefits of the Internet and e-commerce. With the increased growth and dependence of the Internet, creative individuals have found ways of conveying fraudulent schemes as legitimate goods and services. Not only does Internet fraud cause harm to individuals and institutions, but it also damages the consumer confidence of valid Internet businesses and e-commerce. There are many forms of Internet fraud which Internet patrons need to be aware of and cognizant of. This paper will explore major classifications of Internet fraud, provide information on how to deal with Internet fraud, relay actions taken by the government to thwart Internet fraud and prosecution thereof, and also take a detailed look into one type of Internet fraud especially, identity theft. According to the Department of Justice (http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/fraud/text/Internet.htm), Internet fraud is any type of criminal scheme that uses one or more components of the Internet to present fraudulent solicitations to prospective victims, to conduct fraudulent transactions or to transmit the proceeds of fraud to financial institutions. Major types include; online action and retail scams, business opportunities...
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...Order Code RL33199 Data Security Breaches: Context and Incident Summaries Updated May 7, 2007 Rita Tehan Information Research Specialist Knowledge Services Group Data Security Breaches: Context and Incident Summaries Summary Personal data security breaches are being reported with increasing regularity. Within the past few years, numerous examples of data such as Social Security, bank account, credit card, and driver’s license numbers, as well as medical and student records have been compromised. A major reason for the increased awareness of these security breaches is a California law that requires notice of security breaches to the affected individuals. This law, implemented in July 2003, was the first of its kind in the nation. State data security breach notification laws require companies and other entities that have lost data to notify affected consumers. As of January 2007, 35 states have enacted legislation requiring companies or state agencies to disclose security breaches involving personal information. Congress is considering legislation to address personal data security breaches, following a series of high-profile data security breaches at major financial services firms, data brokers (including ChoicePoint and LexisNexis), and universities. In the past three years, multiple measures have been introduced, but to date, none have been enacted. This report will be updated regularly. Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Internship Report on Credit Rating and Factore of Affecting The Bank rating Executive Summery Credit rating agencies (subsequently denoted CRAs) specialize in analyzing and evaluating the creditworthiness of corporate and sovereign issuers of debt securities. In the new financial architecture, CRAs are expected to become more important in the management of both corporate and sovereign credit risk. The logic underlying the existence of CRAs is to solve the problem of the informative asymmetry between lenders and borrowers regarding the creditworthiness of the latter. Issuers with lower credit ratings pay higher interest rates embodying larger risk premiums than higher rated issuers. Moreover, ratings determine the eligibility of debt and other financial instruments for the portfolios of certain institutional investors due to national regulations that restrict investment in speculative-grade bonds. The banking sector in Bangladesh passed through significant changes in terms of structure and policies. Starting with six nationalized commercial and a few specialized banks after independence, the total number of banks has reached 48 at present including private and foreign commercial banks. The Bangladesh financial sector is under going through a phase of transaction, transformation and convergence. The regulators are more active then ever before to bring the sector up to an international standard. The competitive environment created with the presence of too many banks in...
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...An Overview of Data Mining Techniques Page 1 of 48 An Overview of Data Mining Techniques Excerpted from the book Building Data Mining Applications for CRM by Alex Berson, Stephen Smith, and Kurt Thearling Introduction This overview provides a description of some of the most common data mining algorithms in use today. We have broken the discussion into two sections, each with a specific theme: Classical Techniques: Statistics, Neighborhoods and Clustering Next Generation Techniques: Trees, Networks and Rules Each section will describe a number of data mining algorithms at a high level, focusing on the "big picture" so that the reader will be able to understand how each algorithm fits into the landscape of data mining techniques. Overall, six broad classes of data mining algorithms are covered. Although there are a number of other algorithms and many variations of the techniques described, one of the algorithms from this group of six is almost always used in real world deployments of data mining systems. I. Classical Techniques: Statistics, Neighborhoods and Clustering 1.1. The Classics These two sections have been broken up based on when the data mining technique was developed and when it became technically mature enough to be used for business, especially for aiding in the optimization of customer relationship management systems. Thus this section contains descriptions of techniques that have classically been used for decades the next section represents techniques...
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...|Participant Guide: GPS Core | |Personal Financial Planning for Transition | |Preparation and Readiness | This Page Intentionally Left Blank TAPS GPS Road Map [pic] K – Capstone Service members will attend Capstone which validates and verifies that the service member is prepared to be successful following their military service by producing documentation that they meet all Career Readiness Standards. J - Entrepreneurship Track Service members pursuing self-employment in the private or non-profit sector will learn about the challenges faced by entrepreneurs, the benefits and realities of entrepreneurship, and the steps toward business ownership. I - Technical Training Track Service members pursuing further technical training will receive guidance and help in selecting schools and technical fields. H - Education Track Service members pursuing college education will receive guidance to prepare for the college application process. The Education track addresses such topics as identifying one’s educational goals, education funding, and researching and comparing institutions. G - DOL Employment Workshop Address the nine key factors that contribute to a successful employment transition...
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...Hoffman Michael McDonald Brian Kamins Sarah Vernon Jacqueline Kepping Dorothy Sinclair Erin Bascom Karolina Zarychta Harry Nolan Wendy Lai Laserwords Maine Anna Melhorn Elle Wagner Greg Chaput Maciej Frolow/Brand X/Getty Images, Inc. This book was set in 10/12pt Garamond by Laserwords Private Limited, and printed and bound by RR Donnelley/Jefferson City. The cover was printed by RR Donnelley/Jefferson City. This book is printed on acid free paper. Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has been a valued source of knowledge and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations. Our company is built on a foundation of principles that include responsibility to the communities we serve and where we live and work. In 2008, we launched a Corporate Citizenship Initiative, a global effort to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges we face in our business. Among the issues we are addressing are carbon impact, paper specifications and procurement, ethical conduct within our business and among our vendors, and community and...
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...KNOWLEDGE. INNOVATION. INSIGHT. 2012 Annual Report THE SCIENCE OF RISK Company Profile Verisk Analytics (NASDAQ: VRSK) provides information about risk to professionals in many fields, including insurance, healthcare, financial services, supply chain, and others. Through its renowned ISO brand, the company has delivered data, analytics, and decision support services for the property/casualty insurance industry for more than 40 years. Using advanced technologies to collect, analyze, develop, and deliver information, Verisk Analytics helps customers evaluate and manage risk. The company draws on vast expertise in actuarial science, insurance coverages, fire protection, fraud prevention, catastrophe and weather risk, predictive modeling, data management, economic forecasting, social and technological trends, and many other fields. To meet the needs of diverse clients, Verisk Analytics employs an experienced staff of business and technical specialists, analysts, and certified professionals. In the United States and around the world, Verisk Analytics helps customers protect people, property, and financial assets. For more information, visit www.verisk.com. Financial Highlights Revenues $ Millions 1,500 GR CA .5 = 14 % Adjusted EBITDA $ Millions 700 600 500 1,200 GR CA 5. 3 =1 % 900 400 300 200 600 300 100 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2012 Sources of Revenues 2012 Revenues by Operating Segment Decision Analytics: 62% ...
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...ETHICS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Third Edition This page intentionally left blank ETHICS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Third Edition George W. Reynolds Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Ethics in Information Technology, Third Edition by George W. Reynolds VP/Editorial Director: Jack Calhoun Publisher: Joe Sabatino Senior Acquisitions Editor: Charles McCormick Jr. Senior Product Manager: Kate Hennessy Mason Development Editor: Mary Pat Shaffer Editorial Assistant: Nora Heink Marketing Manager: Bryant Chrzan Marketing Coordinator: Suellen Ruttkay Content Product Manager: Jennifer Feltri Senior Art Director: Stacy Jenkins Shirley Cover Designer: Itzhack Shelomi Cover Image: iStock Images Technology Project Manager: Chris Valentine Manufacturing Coordinator: Julio Esperas Copyeditor: Green Pen Quality Assurance Proofreader: Suzanne Huizenga Indexer: Alexandra Nickerson Composition: Pre-Press PMG © 2010 Course Technology, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission...
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...Treasury guidelines issued in 2001, "Subprime borrowers typically have weakened credit histories that include payment delinquencies i.e. non-payment of the mortgage, and possibly more severe problems such as charge-offs, judgments, and bankruptcies. They may also display reduced repayment capacity as measured by credit scores, debt-to-income ratios, or other criteria that may encompass borrowers with incomplete credit histories." This is when the borrowers have a poor credit history that is they are bad borrowers. Subprime lending is also called B-Paper, near-prime, or second chance lending, as the borrowing is done to customers with a poor credit history or no credit history without any security in return of the money lending. Subprime lending encompasses a variety of credit instruments, including subprime mortgages, subprime car loans, and subprime credit cards, among others. A subprime loan is offered at a rate higher than A-paper loans due to the increased risk. Subprime lenders To access this increasing market, lenders often take on risks associated with lending to people with poor credit ratings or limited credit histories. Subprime loans are considered to carry a far greater risk for the lender due to the aforementioned credit risk characteristics of the typical subprime borrower. Lenders use a variety of methods to offset these risks. In the case of many subprime loans, this risk is offset with a higher interest rate or various credit...
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...fundamentals of cost accounting fourth edition William N. Lanen Shannon W. anderson Michael W. Maher ® accounting The integrated solutions for Lanen/Anderson/Maher’s Fundamentals of Cost Accounting, 4e have been proven to help you achieve your course goals of improving student readiness, enhancing student engagement, and increasing their comprehension of content. Known for its clear and engaging style, the Lanen solution employs the use of real-world scenarios, LearnSmart, and instant feedback on practice problems to help students engage with course materials, comprehend the content, and achieve higher outcomes in the course. Our new Intelligent Response Technology-based content offers students an intelligent homework experience that helps them stay focused on learning instead of navigating the technology. Finally, McGraw-Hill’s adaptive learning component, LearnSmart, provides assignable modules that help students master core concepts and come to class more prepared. LearnSmart with Lanen is an introductory managerial accounting review, providing students with a refresher on these topics for their cost accounting course. PROVEN EFFECTIVE Get Connected. FEATURES Intelligent Response Technology Intelligent Response Technology (IRT) is Connect Accounting’s new student interface for end-of-chapter assessment content. Intelligent Response Technology provides a general journal application that looks and feels more like what you would find in a general ledger...
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...USN/USMC Commander’s Quick Reference Handbook for Legal Issues 2008 i Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED 2. REPORT TYPE 2008 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 00-00-2008 to 00-00-2008 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER USN/USMC Commander’s Quick Reference Handbook for Legal Issues 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Justice School ,Newport ,RI 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)...
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...2012 Doing business in a more transparent world C O M PA R I N G R E G U L AT I O N F O R D O M E S T I C F I R M S I N 1 8 3 E C O N O M I E S © 2012 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www.worldbank.org All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 08 07 06 05 A copublication of The World Bank and the International Finance Corporation. This volume is a product of the staff of the World Bank Group. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818...
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...reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any...
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